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Zinchenko V, Chetverikov S, Akhmad E, Arzamasov K, Vladzymyrskyy A, Andreychenko A, Morozov S. Changes in software as a medical device based on artificial intelligence technologies. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2022; 17:1969-1977. [PMID: 35691995 PMCID: PMC9188918 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-022-02669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose to develop a procedure for registering changes, notifying users about changes made, unifying software as a medical device based on artificial intelligence technologies (SaMD-AI) changes, as well as requirements for testing and inspections—quality control before and after making changes. Methods The main types of changes, divided into two groups—major and minor. Major changes imply a subsequent change of a SaMD-AI version to improve efficiency and safety, to change the functionality, and to ensure the processing of new data types. Minor changes imply those that SaMD-AI developers can make due to errors in the program code. Three types of SaMD-AI testings are proposed to use: functional testing, calibration testing or control, and technical testing. Results The presented approaches for validation SaMD-AI changes were introduced. The unified requirements for the request for changes and forms of their submission made this procedure understandable for SaMD-AI developers, and also adjusted the workload for the Experiment experts who checked all the changes made to SaMD-AI. Conclusion This article discusses the need to control changes in the module of SaMD-AI, as innovative products influencing medical decision making. It justifies the need to control a module operation of SaMD-AI after making changes. To streamline and optimize the necessary and sufficient control procedures, a systematization of possible changes in SaMD-AI and testing methods was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Zinchenko
- The Department of Innovative Technologies, State Budget-Funded Health Care Institution of the City of Moscow "Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department", 24 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 1, 127051, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Chetverikov
- The Department of Medical Informatics, Radiomics and Radiogenomics, State Budget-Funded Health Care Institution of the City of Moscow "Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department", 24 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 1, 127051, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Akhmad
- The Department of Innovative Technologies, State Budget-Funded Health Care Institution of the City of Moscow "Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department", 24 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 1, 127051, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Kirill Arzamasov
- The Department of Medical Informatics, Radiomics and Radiogenomics, State Budget-Funded Health Care Institution of the City of Moscow "Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department", 24 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 1, 127051, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Vladzymyrskyy
- Deputy Director for Science, State Budget-Funded Health Care Institution of the City of Moscow "Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department", 24 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 1, 127051, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Andreychenko
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Kronverkskiy Prospekt, 49, 197101, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,The Department of Medical Informatics, Radiomics and Radiogenomics, State Budget-Funded Health Care Institution of the City of Moscow "Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department", 24 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 1, 127051, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Morozov
- Radiology, State Budget-Funded Health Care Institution of the City of Moscow "Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department", 24 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 1, 127051, Moscow, Russia
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Morozov S, Sergunova K, Petraikin A, Akhmad E, Kivasev S, Semenov D, Blokhin I, Karpov I, Vladzymyrskyy A, Morozov A. Diffusion processes modeling in magnetic resonance imaging. Insights Imaging 2020; 11:60. [PMID: 32346809 PMCID: PMC7188746 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-020-00863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The paper covers modern approaches to the evaluation of neoplastic processes with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and proposes a physical model for monitoring the primary quantitative parameters of DWI and quality assurance. Models of hindered and restricted diffusion are studied. Material and method To simulate hindered diffusion, we used aqueous solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone with concentrations of 0 to 70%. We created siloxane-based water-in-oil emulsions that simulate restricted diffusion in the intracellular space. To obtain a high signal on DWI in the broadest range of b values, we used silicon oil with high T2: cyclomethicone and caprylyl methicone. For quantitative assessment of our phantom, we performed DWI on 1.5T magnetic resonance scanner with various fat suppression techniques. We assessed water-in-oil emulsion as an extracorporeal source signal by simultaneously scanning a patient in whole-body DWI sequence. Results We developed phantom with control substances for apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements ranging from normal tissue to benign and malignant lesions: from 2.29 to 0.28 mm2/s. The ADC values of polymer solutions are well relevant to the mono-exponential equation with the mean relative difference of 0.91%. Conclusion The phantom can be used to assess the accuracy of the ADC measurements, as well as the effectiveness of fat suppression. The control substances (emulsions) can be used as a body marker for quality assurance in whole-body DWI with a wide range of b values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Morozov
- Research and Practical Clinical Center of Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies, Department of Health Care of Moscow, 28-1, ul. Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya, Moscow, 109029, Russia.
| | - Kristina Sergunova
- Research and Practical Clinical Center of Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies, Department of Health Care of Moscow, 28-1, ul. Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya, Moscow, 109029, Russia
| | - Alexey Petraikin
- Research and Practical Clinical Center of Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies, Department of Health Care of Moscow, 28-1, ul. Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya, Moscow, 109029, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Akhmad
- Research and Practical Clinical Center of Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies, Department of Health Care of Moscow, 28-1, ul. Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya, Moscow, 109029, Russia
| | - Stanislav Kivasev
- Hospital center of polyclinics AO, 1-3, ul. Bakuninskaya, Moscow, 105005, Russia
| | - Dmitry Semenov
- Research and Practical Clinical Center of Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies, Department of Health Care of Moscow, 28-1, ul. Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya, Moscow, 109029, Russia
| | - Ivan Blokhin
- Research and Practical Clinical Center of Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies, Department of Health Care of Moscow, 28-1, ul. Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya, Moscow, 109029, Russia
| | - Igor Karpov
- Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics named after N. N. Priorov, 10, ul. Priorova, Moscow, 127299, Russia
| | - Anton Vladzymyrskyy
- Research and Practical Clinical Center of Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies, Department of Health Care of Moscow, 28-1, ul. Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya, Moscow, 109029, Russia
| | - Alexander Morozov
- Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics named after N. N. Priorov, 10, ul. Priorova, Moscow, 127299, Russia
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