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Andreadis D, Angelopoulos I, Aggelidou E, Gousopoulou E, Volk J, Poulopoulos A, Kritis A, Geurtsen W, Bakopoulou A. Minor salivary gland stem cells: a comparative study of the biological properties under clinical-grade culture conditions. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 393:321-342. [PMID: 37249709 PMCID: PMC10406694 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Development of clinical-grade, cell preparations is central to cGMP (good manufacturing practice compliant) conditions. This study aimed to investigate the potential of two serum/xeno-free, cGMP (StemPro, StemMacs) culture media to maintain "stemness" of human minor salivary gland stem cell (mSG-SC) cultures compared to a complete culture medium (CCM). Overall, StemMacs resulted in higher proliferation rates after p.6 compared to the conventional serum-based medium, while StemPro showed substantial delays in cell proliferation after p.9. The mSG-SCs cultures exhibited two distinct cell populations at early passages a mesenchymal subpopulation and an epithelial-like subpopulation. Expression of several markers (CD146, STRO-1, SSEA-4, CD105, CD106, CD34, K 7/8, K14, K18) variably decreased with prolonged passaging (all three media). The percentage of SA-β-gal positive cells was initially higher for StemMacs compared to StemPro/CCM and increased with prolonged passaging in all cases. The telomere fragment length decreased with prolonged passaging in all three media but more pronouncedly for the CCM. Expansion under serum-free conditions caused pronounced upregulation of ALP and BMP-2, with parallel complete elimination of the baseline expressions of LPL (all three media) and ACAN (serum-free media), therefore, showing a preferential shift of the mSG-SCs towards osteogenic phenotypes. Finally, several markers (Nanog, SOX-2, PDX-1, OTX2, GSC, HCG) decreased with prolonged culture, indicating successive loss of "stemness". Based on the findings, it seems that StemPro preserve stemness of the mSG-SCs after prolonged culture. Nevertheless, there is still a vacant role for the ideal development of clinical-grade culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Andreadis
- Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Angelopoulos
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tissue Engineering Core Unit, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elena Aggelidou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- cGMP Regenerative Medicine Facility, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Gousopoulou
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Joachim Volk
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Athanasios Poulopoulos
- Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Kritis
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- cGMP Regenerative Medicine Facility, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Werner Geurtsen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Athina Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tissue Engineering Core Unit, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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