1
|
Gofas-Salas E, Lee DMW, Rondeau C, Grieve K, Rossi EA, Paques M, Gocho K. Comparison between Two Adaptive Optics Methods for Imaging of Individual Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cells. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:768. [PMID: 38611681 PMCID: PMC11012195 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) plays a prominent role in diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, but imaging individual RPE cells is challenging due to their high absorption and low autofluorescence emission. The RPE lies beneath the highly reflective photoreceptor layer (PR) and contains absorptive pigments, preventing direct backscattered light detection when the PR layer is intact. Here, we used near-infrared autofluorescence adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (NIRAF AOSLO) and transscleral flood imaging (TFI) in the same healthy eyes to cross-validate these approaches. Both methods revealed a consistent RPE mosaic pattern and appeared to reflect a distribution of fluorophores consistent with findings from histological studies. Interestingly, even in apparently healthy RPE, we observed dynamic changes over months, suggesting ongoing cellular activity or alterations in fluorophore distribution. These findings emphasize the value of NIRAF AOSLO and TFI in understanding RPE morphology and dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gofas-Salas
- Department of Photonics, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France;
- CIC 1423, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS 28 rue de Charenton, F-75012 Paris, France; (M.P.); (K.G.)
| | - Daniel M. W. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (D.M.W.L.); (E.A.R.)
| | | | - Kate Grieve
- Department of Photonics, Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France;
- CIC 1423, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS 28 rue de Charenton, F-75012 Paris, France; (M.P.); (K.G.)
| | - Ethan A. Rossi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (D.M.W.L.); (E.A.R.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Michel Paques
- CIC 1423, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS 28 rue de Charenton, F-75012 Paris, France; (M.P.); (K.G.)
| | - Kiyoko Gocho
- CIC 1423, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS 28 rue de Charenton, F-75012 Paris, France; (M.P.); (K.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vienola KV, Lejoyeux R, Gofas-Salas E, Snyder VC, Zhang M, Dansingani KK, Sahel JA, Chhablani J, Rossi EA. Autofluorescent hyperreflective foci on infrared autofluorescence adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy in central serous chorioretinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 28:101741. [PMID: 36345414 PMCID: PMC9636439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To test the hypothesis that hyperreflective foci in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) are autofluorescent and may represent macrophages that have engulfed outer retinal fluorophores from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors. Methods Enrolled subjects underwent spectral domain and swept-source optical coherence tomography, adaptive optics flood-illumination, and adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO), including near-infrared autofluorescence (AO-IRAF). For the AO-IRAF imaging, retinal fluorophores were excited using 795 nm light and collected in an emission band from 814 to 850 nm. Results In 2 of 3 eyes, a hyperautofluorescent signal was detected with an elliptical shape and punctate, granular aspects surrounded by a hypoautofluorescent halo. The size of these structures in the active case was measured to be 17 ± 4 μm in diameter, with at least 45 individual hyperautofluorescent foci identified from the AO-IRAF montage in the active stage of patient 2. In the asymptomatic case there were fewer structures visible (∼10) and their size was smaller (11 ± 4 μm). These hyper-AF foci were colocalized with hyperreflective foci on OCT and visible in simultaneously acquired confocal AOSLO images in active stage. The hyperautofluorescent foci in the patient with active CSCR disappeared coincident with clinical resolution. Conclusion and importance We show here the first AO-IRAF images from patients with CSCR, demonstrating hyper-autofluorescent punctate foci, colocalized with hyper-reflective foci on confocal AOSLO images and in OCT. The autofluorescence of these foci may be driven by the accumulation of photoreceptor and RPE fluorophores within macrophages during the active stage of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kari V. Vienola
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Corresponding author. Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biomedicine University of Turku Tykistönkatu 6A, Turku, Finland.
| | - Raphael Lejoyeux
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Rothschild Foundation Hospital, 29 rue Manin, Paris, France
| | - Elena Gofas-Salas
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Valerie C. Snyder
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kunal K. Dansingani
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jay Chhablani
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ethan A. Rossi
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gofas-Salas E, Norberg N, Louapre C, Beigneux Y, Vignal Clermont C, Paques M, Grieve K. Phase contrast imaging to detect transparent cells in the retinal ganglion cells layer. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226604003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The eye is an optical window giving access to neural networks in a non-invasive way. It is possible to find in the retina biomarkers informing about the pathological state of other parts of the human body, and in particular of the brain. Neurodegenerative diseases could thus be diagnosed early and monitored by high-resolution imaging of the retina. However, a large part of the neurons in the retina are too transparent to be detected by existing techniques. At the Quinze-Vingts hospital, we have a unique retinal imaging platform in which ophthalmologists, neurologists and engineers participate. We implemented a technique based on scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) to capture the fine variations in refractive index between retinal cells. In this project we aimed at imaging and monitor cellular changes on transparent cells in the retinal ganglion cells layer in vivo on healthy participants and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|
4
|
Gofas-Salas E, Rui Y, Mecê P, Zhang M, Snyder VC, Vienola KV, Lee DMW, Sahel JA, Grieve K, Rossi EA. Design of a radial multi-offset detection pattern for in vivo phase contrast imaging of the inner retina in humans. Biomed Opt Express 2022; 13:117-132. [PMID: 35154858 PMCID: PMC8803027 DOI: 10.1364/boe.441808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous work has shown that multi-offset detection in adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) can be used to image transparent cells such as retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in monkeys and humans. Though imaging in anesthetized monkeys with high light levels produced high contrast images of RGCs, images from humans failed to reach the same contrast due to several drawbacks in the previous dual-wavelength multi-offset approach. Our aim here was to design and build a multi-offset detection pattern for humans at safe light levels that could reveal transparent cells in the retinal ganglion cell layer with a contrast and acquisition time approaching results only previously obtained in monkeys. Here, we present a new single-wavelength solution that allows for increased light power and eliminates problematic chromatic aberrations. Then, we demonstrate that a radial multi-offset detection pattern with an offset distance of 8-10 Airy Disk Diameter (ADD) is optimal to detect photons multiply scattered in all directions from weakly reflective retinal cells thereby enhancing their contrast. This new setup and image processing pipeline led to improved imaging of inner retinal cells, including the first images of microglia with multi-offset imaging in AOSLO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gofas-Salas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
- Denotes that each of these authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yuhua Rui
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
- Eye center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan 401302, China
- Denotes that each of these authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Pedro Mecê
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
| | - Valerie C. Snyder
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
| | - Kari V. Vienola
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
| | - Daniel M. W. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
| | | | - Ethan A. Rossi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Krafft L, Gofas-Salas E, Lai-Tim Y, Paques M, Mugnier L, Thouvenin O, Mecê P, Meimon S. Partial-field illumination ophthalmoscope: improving the contrast of a camera-based retinal imager. Appl Opt 2021; 60:9951-9956. [PMID: 34807185 DOI: 10.1364/ao.428048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Effective and accurate in vivo diagnosis of retinal pathologies requires high performance imaging devices, combining a large field of view and the ability to discriminate the ballistic signal from the diffuse background in order to provide a highly contrasted image of the retinal structures. Here, we have implemented the partial-field illumination ophthalmoscope, a patterned illumination modality, integrated to a high pixel rate adaptive optics full-field microscope. This non-invasive technique enables us to mitigate the low signal-to-noise ratio, intrinsic of full-field ophthalmoscopes, by partially illuminating the retina with complementary patterns to reconstruct a wide-field image. This new, to the best of our knowledge, modality provides an image contrast spanning from the full-field to the confocal contrast, depending on the pattern size. As a result, it offers various trade-offs in terms of contrast and acquisition speed, guiding the users towards the most efficient system for a particular clinical application.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang M, Gofas-Salas E, Leonard BT, Rui Y, Snyder VC, Reecher HM, Mecê P, Rossi EA. Strip-based digital image registration for distortion minimization and robust eye motion measurement from scanned ophthalmic imaging systems. Biomed Opt Express 2021; 12:2353-2372. [PMID: 33996234 PMCID: PMC8086453 DOI: 10.1364/boe.418070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Retinal image-based eye motion measurement from scanned ophthalmic imaging systems, such as scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, has allowed for precise real-time eye tracking at sub-micron resolution. However, the constraints of real-time tracking result in a high error tolerance that is detrimental for some eye motion measurement and imaging applications. We show here that eye motion can be extracted from image sequences when these constraints are lifted, and all data is available at the time of registration. Our approach identifies and discards distorted frames, detects coarse motion to generate a synthetic reference frame and then uses it for fine scale motion tracking with improved sensitivity over a larger area. We demonstrate its application here to tracking scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (TSLO) and adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO), and show that it can successfully capture most of the eye motion across each image sequence, leaving only between 0.1-3.4% of non-blink frames untracked, while simultaneously minimizing image distortions induced from eye motion. These improvements will facilitate precise measurement of fixational eye movements (FEMs) in TSLO and longitudinal tracking of individual cells in AOSLO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Denotes that each of these authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Elena Gofas-Salas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Denotes that each of these authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Bianca T Leonard
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yuhua Rui
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Eye center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology; Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Valerie C Snyder
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hope M Reecher
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Pedro Mecê
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ethan A Rossi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mecê P, Gofas-Salas E, Rui Y, Zhang M, Sahel JA, Rossi EA. Spatial-frequency-based image reconstruction to improve image contrast in multi-offset adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy. Opt Lett 2021; 46:1085-1088. [PMID: 33649663 PMCID: PMC9202470 DOI: 10.1364/ol.417903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Off-axis detection methods in adaptive optics (AO) ophthalmoscopy can enhance image contrast of translucent retinal structures such as cone inner segments and retinal ganglion cells. Here, we propose a 2D optical model showing that the phase contrast produced by these methods depends on the offset orientation. While one axis provides an asymmetric light distribution, hence high phase contrast, the perpendicular axis provides a symmetric one, thus substantially lower contrast. We support this model with in vivo human data acquired with a multi-offset AO scanning light ophthalmoscope. Then, using this finding, we provide a post-processing method, named spatial-frequency-based image reconstruction, to optimally combine images from different off-axis detector orientations, significantly increasing the structural cellular contrast of in vivo human retinal neurons such as cone inner segment, putative rods, and retinal ganglion cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Mecê
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elena Gofas-Salas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yuhua Rui
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Eye center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South Univeristy; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology; Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ethan A. Rossi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mecê P, Gofas-Salas E, Paques M, Grieve K, Meimon S. Optical Incoherence Tomography: a method to generate tomographic retinal cross-sections with non-interferometric adaptive optics ophthalmoscopes. Biomed Opt Express 2020; 11:4069-4084. [PMID: 32923029 PMCID: PMC7449754 DOI: 10.1364/boe.396937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present Optical Incoherence Tomography (OIT): a completely digital method to generate tomographic retinal cross-sections from en-face through-focus image stacks acquired by non-interferometric imaging systems, such as en-face adaptive optics (AO)-ophthalmoscopes. We demonstrate that OIT can be applied to different imaging modalities using back-scattered light, including systems without inherent optical sectioning and, for the first time, multiply-scattered light, revealing a distinctive cross-sectional view of the retina. The axial dimension of OIT cross-sections is given in terms of focus position rather than optical path, as in OCT. We explore this property to guide focus position in cases where the user is "blind" focusing, allowing precise plane selection for en-face imaging of retinal pigment epithelium, the vascular plexuses and translucent retinal neurons, such as photoreceptor inner segments and retinal ganglion cells, using respectively autofluorescence, motion contrast and split detection techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Mecê
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Elena Gofas-Salas
- Quinze-Vingts National Eye Hospital, 28 Rue de Charenton, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Michel Paques
- Quinze-Vingts National Eye Hospital, 28 Rue de Charenton, Paris, 75012, France
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Kate Grieve
- Quinze-Vingts National Eye Hospital, 28 Rue de Charenton, Paris, 75012, France
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Serge Meimon
- DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay F-91123 Palaiseau, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gofas-Salas E, Mecê P, Mugnier L, Bonnefois AM, Petit C, Grieve K, Sahel J, Paques M, Meimon S. Near infrared adaptive optics flood illumination retinal angiography. Biomed Opt Express 2019; 10:2730-2743. [PMID: 31259047 PMCID: PMC6583347 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.002730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Image-based angiography is a well-adapted technique to characterize vasculature, and has been used in retinal neurovascular studies. Because the microvasculature is of particular interest, being the site of exchange between blood and tissue, a high spatio-temporal resolution is required, implying the use of adaptive optics ophthalmoscopes with a high frame rate. Creating the opportunity for decoupled stimulation and imaging of the retina makes the use of near infrared (NIR) imaging light desirable, while the need for a large field of view and a lack of distortion implies the use of a flood illumination-based setup. However, flood-illumination NIR video sequences of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBC), have a limited contrast compared to scanning systems and visible light. As a result, they cannot be processed via existing image-based angiography methods. We have therefore developed a new computational method relying on a spatio-temporal filtering of the sequence to isolate blood flow from noise in low-contrast sequences. Applying this computational approach enabled us to perform angiography with an adaptive optics flood illumination ophthalmoscope (AO-FIO) using NIR light, both in bright-field and dark-field modalities. Finally, we demonstrate the capabilities of our system to differentiate blood flow velocity on a retinal capillary network in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gofas-Salas
- DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay, F-91123 Palaiseau,
France
- Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, 75012 Paris,
France
- PARIS Group - Paris Adaptive-Optics for Retinal Imaging and Surgery, Paris,
France
| | - Pedro Mecê
- DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay, F-91123 Palaiseau,
France
- PARIS Group - Paris Adaptive-Optics for Retinal Imaging and Surgery, Paris,
France
- Quantel Medical, Cournon d’Auvergne,
France
| | - Laurent Mugnier
- DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay, F-91123 Palaiseau,
France
| | | | - Cyril Petit
- DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay, F-91123 Palaiseau,
France
- PARIS Group - Paris Adaptive-Optics for Retinal Imaging and Surgery, Paris,
France
| | - Kate Grieve
- Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, 75012 Paris,
France
- PARIS Group - Paris Adaptive-Optics for Retinal Imaging and Surgery, Paris,
France
- CIC 1423, INSERM, Quinze-Vingts Hospital, Paris,
France
| | - José Sahel
- Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, 75012 Paris,
France
- Quantel Medical, Cournon d’Auvergne,
France
- CIC 1423, INSERM, Quinze-Vingts Hospital, Paris,
France
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA,
USA
| | - Michel Paques
- Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, 75012 Paris,
France
- PARIS Group - Paris Adaptive-Optics for Retinal Imaging and Surgery, Paris,
France
- CIC 1423, INSERM, Quinze-Vingts Hospital, Paris,
France
| | - Serge Meimon
- DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay, F-91123 Palaiseau,
France
- PARIS Group - Paris Adaptive-Optics for Retinal Imaging and Surgery, Paris,
France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mecê P, Gofas-Salas E, Petit C, Cassaing F, Sahel J, Paques M, Grieve K, Meimon S. Higher adaptive optics loop rate enhances axial resolution in nonconfocal ophthalmoscopes. Opt Lett 2019; 44:2208-2211. [PMID: 31042185 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.002208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we propose a way to better understand the impact of dynamic ocular aberrations in the axial resolution of nonconfocal adaptive optics (AO) ophthalmoscopes via a simulation of the 3D PSF in the retina for various AO-loop rates. We then use optical incoherence tomography, a method enabling the generation of tomographic retinal cross sections in incoherent imaging systems, to evaluate the benefits of a fast AO-loop rate on axial resolution and, consequently, on AO-corrected retinal image quality. We used the PARIS AO flood-illumination ophthalmoscope for this study, where retinal images from different focal planes at an AO-loop rate of 10 and 50 Hz were acquired.
Collapse
|
11
|
Grieve K, Gofas-Salas E, Ferguson RD, Sahel JA, Paques M, Rossi EA. In vivo near-infrared autofluorescence imaging of retinal pigment epithelial cells with 757 nm excitation. Biomed Opt Express 2018; 9:5946-5961. [PMID: 31065405 PMCID: PMC6490976 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.005946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) imaging of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vivo in healthy volunteers and patients using a 757 nm excitation source in adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO). NIRAF excited at 757 nm and collected in an emission band from 778 to 810 nm produced a robust NIRAF signal, presumably arising from melanin, and revealed the typical hexagonal mosaic of RPE cells at most eccentricities imaged within the macula of normal eyes. Several patterns of altered NIRAF structure were seen in patients, including disruption of the NIRAF over a drusen, diffuse hyper NIRAF signal with loss of individual cell delineation in a case of non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and increased visibility of the RPE mosaic under an area showing loss of photoreceptors. In some participants, a superposed cone mosaic was clearly visible in the fluorescence channel at eccentricities between 2 and 6° from the fovea. This was reproducible in these participants and existed despite the use of emission filters with an optical attenuation density of 12 at the excitation wavelength, minimizing the possibility that this was due to bleed through of the excitation light. This cone signal may be a consequence of cone waveguiding on either the ingoing excitation light and/or the outgoing NIRAF emitted by fluorophores within the RPE and/or choroid and warrants further investigation. NIRAF imaging at 757 nm offers efficient signal excitation and detection, revealing structural alterations in retinal disease with good contrast and shows promise as a tool for monitoring future therapies at the level of single RPE cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Grieve
- Vision Institute and Quinze Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, PARIS group, 28 rue de Charenton, 75712, Paris, France
| | - Elena Gofas-Salas
- Vision Institute and Quinze Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, PARIS group, 28 rue de Charenton, 75712, Paris, France
- DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay F-91123 Palaisea, France
| | | | - José Alain Sahel
- Vision Institute and Quinze Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, PARIS group, 28 rue de Charenton, 75712, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Michel Paques
- Vision Institute and Quinze Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, PARIS group, 28 rue de Charenton, 75712, Paris, France
| | - Ethan A. Rossi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gofas-Salas E, Mecê P, Petit C, Jarosz J, Mugnier LM, Montmerle Bonnefois A, Grieve K, Sahel J, Paques M, Meimon S. High loop rate adaptive optics flood illumination ophthalmoscope with structured illumination capability. Appl Opt 2018; 57:5635-5642. [PMID: 30118075 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.005635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The design and performance of an adaptive optics flood illumination ophthalmoscope (AO-FIO) platform, based on eye motion and dynamic aberrations experimental analysis, are described. The system incorporates a custom-built real-time controller, enabling up to 70 Hz loop rate without jitter, and an AO-corrected illumination capable of projecting high-resolution features in the retina. Wide-field (2.7°×5.4°) and distortionless images from vessel walls, capillaries, and the lamina cribrosa are obtained with an enhanced contrast and signal-to-noise ratio, thanks to careful control of AO parameters. The high spatial and temporal resolution (image acquisition up to 200 Hz) performance achieved by this platform enables the visualization of vessel deformation and blood flow. This system opens up the prospect of a return to favor of flood illumination adaptive optics systems provided that its high pixel rate and structured illumination capabilities are exploited.
Collapse
|
13
|
Gofas-Salas E, Grieve K, Zwillinger S, Mecê P, Petit C, Montri J, Sahel JA, Paques M, Meimon S. Wide field 200Hz videos of human retinas with PARIS's AO-FIO. J Vis 2017. [DOI: 10.1167/17.7.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|