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Järvinen I, Launes J, Lipsanen J, Lehto E, Schiavone N, Virta M, Vanninen R, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Hokkanen L. Motor difficulties from childhood to midlife: A 40-year cohort study. Res Dev Disabil 2024; 146:104670. [PMID: 38237252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies of the persistence of childhood motor difficulties (MD) into adulthood. AIMS To investigate the association of childhood MD with motor skills and body mass index (BMI) in midlife. METHODS AND PROCEDURES We studied 324 adults aged 40 from a cohort born in 1971-1974. At age 9, they had undergone the Test of Motor Impairment, used to classify them into groups: childhood MD (cMD), borderline cMD (bcMD), or no cMD. At age 40, participants comprised 23 with cMD, 47 with bcMD, and 254 with no cMD. Participants completed motor tests of balance, manual dexterity, and visuomotor speed, followed by recording of their BMI. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS At age 40, the cMD group performed worse than the no-cMD group on all motor tests (p < .001-.008). The bcMD group had slower visuomotor speed than the no-cMD group (p = .025). The groups differed in BMI (p = .002). Having cMD was associated with obesity in midlife (p < .001). After adjusting for sex, childhood socioeconomic status, and BMI at age 9, both cMD and bcMD were associated with obesity in midlife (p = .015). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Childhood MD are associated with poor motor skills, overweight, and obesity in midlife. This emphasises the importance of early intervention and follow-up when a child exhibits MD. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS This prospective longitudinal study presents novel evidence that individuals with a history of comprehensively and objectively assessed childhood motor difficulties (MD) have worse motor skills and a higher risk of obesity in midlife than do those with no childhood MD. There is a growing literature on adults with developmental coordination disorder or a history of MD. There is, however, a scarcity of longitudinal studies of childhood MD that continue beyond early adulthood, into midlife. In a systematic search, we could identify only one longitudinal study of objectively measured childhood MD with a reassessment of motor skills in those same participants in adulthood, and no study with a reassessment after age 20. Furthermore, longitudinal studies of the association of comprehensively and objectively assessed childhood MD with BMI in midlife have been lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkka Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jyrki Launes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eliisa Lehto
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nella Schiavone
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Virta
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ritva Vanninen
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Radiology, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Radiology, Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Laura Hokkanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Lehto R, Vepsäläinen H, Lehtimäki AV, Lehto E, Leppänen MH, Skaffari E, Abdollahi A, Roos E, Erkkola M, Ray C. Implementation, home mediators and children’s sugary drink consumption - results from DAGIS study. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac130.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives
The effectiveness of a health behavior intervention can depend on the extent to which the intervention is implemented; higher degree of implementation (DOI) might associate with larger intervention effects. This study examined whether the parental DOI of an health behavior intervention had an effect on children's consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and was the effect mediated by home factors.
Methods
the DAGIS preschool intervention was conducted in 2017-2018 in Finland among 3-6-year-olds with valid data from 476 children. At baseline and follow-up parents reported 1) children's SSB consumption in a semi-quantified food frequency questionnaire, 2) availability of SSB at home, parental role modelling of drinking SSB, and norm (parental view on the suitable amount of SSB for children), and 3) DOI: a dichotomized sum variable on several aspects of parental program implementation. In the analyses, high and low DOI were compared to control group. Mediation analysis of the effect of DOI on the change in children's SSB consumption via change in availability, role modelling and norm was conducted with R statistical software.
Results
High DOI was associated with reduced consumption of SSB (B -27.71, 95% CI -49.05, -4.80). No mediated effects were found. All studied mediators impacted the change in SSB consumption, but the DOI had no effect on the change in mediators.
Conclusions
Intervention effect on the consumption of SSB was only found in the high DOI group, which supports the importance of assessing intervention implementation. Since the found effect was not mediated by the studied mediators, other possible mediators should be examined, as understanding intervention mediators is crucial in developing successful interventions.
Key messages
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lehto
- Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Vepsäläinen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - E Lehto
- Department of Sociology, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - MH Leppänen
- Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Skaffari
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Abdollahi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Roos
- Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden
- Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Erkkola
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Ray
- Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki, Finland
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Järvinen I, Launes J, Lipsanen J, Virta M, Vanninen R, Lehto E, Schiavone N, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Hokkanen L. No Clinically Relevant Memory Effects in Perinatal Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia: A 40-Year Follow-Up of a Small Cohort. Front Public Health 2022; 10:858210. [PMID: 35844845 PMCID: PMC9283869 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.858210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal diabetes mellitus in pregnancy is associated with impairments in memory functions of the offspring in childhood and adolescence but has not been studied in adulthood. The association of perinatal hypoglycemia with memory has not been studied in adulthood either. The combined sequelae of these two risk factors have not been directly compared. We studied general cognitive ability and memory functions in a prospective follow-up of a cohort born in 1971 to 1974. The sample included participants exposed to prenatal hyperglycemia (n = 24), perinatal hypoglycemia (n = 19), or both (n = 7). It also included controls with no early risks (n = 82). We assessed the participants' Intelligence quotient (IQ), working memory, and immediate and delayed recall of both verbal and visual material at the age of 40. We did not find significant differences in IQ or the memory tests between the groups. We did identify an interaction (p = 0.03) of the early risk with the type of digit span task: compared to the controls, the participants exposed to perinatal hypoglycemia had a larger difference between the forward digit span, a measure of attention, and the backward digit span, a measure of working memory processing (p = 0.022). The interaction remained significant when birth weight was controlled for (p = 0.026). Thus, in this small cohort, prenatal hyperglycemia, perinatal hypoglycemia, and their combination appeared relatively benign disorders. The association of these conditions with neurocognitive impairments in adulthood remains unconfirmed. The significance of the working memory difference needs to be verified with a larger sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkka Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jyrki Launes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Virta
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ritva Vanninen
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eliisa Lehto
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nella Schiavone
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Laura Hokkanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Laura Hokkanen
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Schiavone N, Virta M, Leppämäki S, Launes J, Vanninen R, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Järvinen I, Lehto E, Michelsson K, Hokkanen L. Mortality in individuals with childhood ADHD or subthreshold symptoms - a prospective perinatal risk cohort study over 40 years. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:325. [PMID: 35534804 PMCID: PMC9082906 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with negative life outcomes and recent studies have linked it to increased mortality. These studies have examined nationwide registers or clinic-referred samples and mostly included participants up until the age of 30. No studies have investigated mortality associated with subthreshold levels of ADHD symptoms. Our aim was to analyze mortality in a perinatal risk cohort of 46-year-old adults with childhood ADHD (cADHD) and milder childhood attention problems (including hyperactivity and inattention; cAP) compared with a group with similar birth risks but no or low levels of childhood ADHD symptoms (Non-cAP). Causes of death obtained from a national register were examined. METHODS Mortality was analyzed with Cox proportional hazard models for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality (natural and unnatural causes), and age-specific mortality (under and over age 30). All models were adjusted with gender. The total n in the study was 839 (cADHD n = 115; cAP n = 216; Non-cAP n = 508). RESULTS By the age of 46, 11 (9.6%) deaths occurred in the cADHD group, 7 (3.2%) in the cAP group, and 20 (3.9%) in the Non-cAP group. The cADHD group had the highest mortality risk (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.15; 95% CI 1.02, 4.54). Mortality was not elevated in the cAP group (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.72; 95% CI .30, 1.72). Mortality in the cADHD group was mainly attributed to unnatural causes of death (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.82; 95% CI 1.12, 7.12). The mortality risk in the cADHD group was sixfold before age 30 (adjusted hazard ratio = 6.20; 95% CI 1.78, 21.57). CONCLUSIONS Childhood ADHD was associated with a twofold risk of premature death by the age of 46 in this prospective longitudinal cohort study. Our results corroborate previous findings and the morbidity of ADHD. Subthreshold levels of childhood ADHD symptoms were not linked to increased mortality. Our results suggest that mortality risk is higher in young than middle adulthood. Future studies should examine mortality associated with ADHD in different ages in adulthood to identify those in greatest risk of premature death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nella Schiavone
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Maarit Virta
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sami Leppämäki
- grid.15485.3d0000 0000 9950 5666Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jyrki Launes
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ritva Vanninen
- grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital and School of Medicine, Clinical Radiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annamari Tuulio-Henriksson
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka Järvinen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eliisa Lehto
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katarina Michelsson
- grid.424592.c0000 0004 0632 3062Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Retired, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Hokkanen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Schiavone N, Virta M, Leppämäki S, Launes J, Vanninen R, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Immonen S, Järvinen I, Lehto E, Michelsson K, Hokkanen L. ADHD and subthreshold symptoms in childhood and life outcomes at 40 years in a prospective birth-risk cohort. Psychiatry Res 2019; 281:112574. [PMID: 31590105 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated ADHD symptoms and life outcomes in adulthood and their association with childhood ADHD and subthreshold symptoms in a prospectively followed cohort with perinatal risks. We identified participants with childhood ADHD (cADHD, n = 37), subthreshold symptoms defined as attention problems (cAP, n = 64), and no ADHD or cAP (Non-cAP, n = 217). We compared the groups and a control group with no perinatal risks (n = 64) on self-reported ADHD symptoms, executive dysfunction, and life outcomes in adulthood. At age 40, 21.6% of the cADHD, 6.3% of the cAP, 6.0% of the Non-cAP group, and 1.6% of the controls reached a screener cutoff for possible ADHD. The cADHD group had lower educational level, more ADHD symptoms and executive dysfunction, and higher rates of drug use than the other groups. Childhood ADHD associated with perinatal risks persists into midlife whereas childhood subthreshold ADHD symptoms in this cohort were not associated with negative outcomes in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nella Schiavone
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
| | - Maarit Virta
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Sami Leppämäki
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jyrki Launes
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Ritva Vanninen
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital and School of Medicine, Clinical Radiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Satu Immonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Ilkka Järvinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Eliisa Lehto
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Katarina Michelsson
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Retired
| | - Laura Hokkanen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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Lehto E, Kaartinen N, Sääksjärvi K, Männistö S, Jallinoja P. Background characteristics of meat consumption exceeding the Finnish Dietary Guidelines in 2000-2017. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Abundant consumption of animal-based foods such as red and processed meat pose a threat to sustainability and public health. This study clarifies how the share of the population group with high red and processed meat consumption has changed in the past two decades.
Methods
We used data of four Finnish cross-sectional surveys: Health 2000 (n = 5976), DILGOM 2007 (n = 4874), FINRISK 2012 (n = 4812), and FinHealth 2017 (n = 6010) concerning 25-74 year-old subjects (in year 2000 30-74 year-olds). Habitual food consumption over the past 12 months was assessed with a validated130-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and daily meat consumption was computed. Questionnaires inquired on general background factors. The risk in belonging to the meat consumption quintiles exceeding the Finnish Dietary Guidelines (500 g /week) was examined with logistic regression analyses.
Results
In 2000, consuming more meat than recommended was more probable among men and those with lower or middle educational level. In 2007 and 2012, in addition to gender and education, having middle or higher income level and belonging to the age group of 35-44 years was associated with higher meat consumption. In 2017, meat consumption was higher among men, those with lower educational level and among 45-64 years old, but no income level differences were observed.
Conclusions
Actions aiming to reduce meat consumption should be targeted to those consuming the largest amount of meat: men, middle-aged, and those having lower educational level.
Key messages
The group consuming more meat than recommended has remained stable in the 21th century to include more often men, middle-aged, and people having lower education but income has become non-significant. Identification of population groups with high meat consumption helps to better design and target the interventions and to change the consumption patterns in a healthier and more sustainable direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lehto
- Health Sciences, Tampere University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N Kaartinen
- Public Health, National Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Sääksjärvi
- Public Health, National Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Männistö
- Public Health, National Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Jallinoja
- Health Sciences, Tampere University, Helsinki, Finland
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Nuutinen T, Lehto E, Ray C, Roos E, Villberg J, Tynjälä J. Clustering of energy balance-related behaviours, sleep, and overweight among Finnish adolescents. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx186.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Nuutinen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Lehto
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Ray
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Roos
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Villberg
- University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Tynjälä
- University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Lehto E, Roos E, Ray C, Lehto R, Kaukonen R, Sajaniemi N, Vepsäläinen H, Erkkola M. Factors explaining maternal educational level differences in preschoolers’ intake of sugary products. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx187.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Lehto
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Roos
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Ray
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R Lehto
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R Kaukonen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - M Erkkola
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Lehto R, Määttä S, Lehto E, Ray C, Roos E, te Velde S, Thorsdottir I, Lien N, Yngve A. Mediating factors and impact of the degree of implementation in a school-based fruit and vegetable intervention in Finland. Eur J Public Health 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckt126.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
For many microorganisms, including Clostridium difficile, mucosal association is an important factor influencing intestinal colonisation and subsequent infection. Inhibition of adhesion of C. difficile to intestinal mucosa could be a new promising strategy for prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. We investigated the possibilities of influencing the adhesion of C. difficile by xylitol and bovine colostrum whey. Caco-2 cells and C. difficile cells were incubated with 1%, 5% and 10% solutions of xylitol and colostrum. Our study revealed that both xylitol and colostrum inhibited the adhesion of C. difficile to Caco-2 cells. Inhibition by xylitol was dose-dependent. When compared to the control, the count of adherent C. difficile decreased 3.4 times when treated with 1% xylitol, 12 times when 5% xylitol was applied, and 18.7 times when treated with 10% xylitol. The inhibition of adherence by colostrum was partially dose-dependent: 3.1 times in the case of 1%, and 5.5 times in the cases of 5% and 10% colostrum. Further experimental and clinical studies are needed for the application of xylitol and colostrum in the treatment and prophylaxis of pseudomembraneous colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Naaber
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Estonia
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Pettit GR, Herald CL, Judd GF, Bolliger G, Vanell LD, Lehto E, Pase CP. Antineoplastic agents. 52. Baileya multiradiata. Lloydia 1978; 41:29-36. [PMID: 565454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The desert-marigold Baileya multiradiata Harv. and Gray (Compositae) has been found to produce a series of sesquiterpenes that markedly inhibit growth of the murine lymphocytic leukemia P388 and the corresponding in vitro cell line. Separation guided by bioassay led to the isolation of baileyin (1), fastigilins B and C (3a and 2a), radiatin (3b), pleniradin (4a), and the new pseudoguaianolide multiradiatin (2b). The most significant antitumor activity was displayed by fastigilin C (2a) and radiation (3b).
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Pettit GR, Saldana EI, Lehto E. Antineoplastic agents 35. Rhus trilobata. Lloydia 1974; 37:539-40. [PMID: 4437313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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