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Guida G, Bertolini F, Carriero V, Levra S, Sprio AE, Sciolla M, Orpheu G, Arrigo E, Pizzimenti S, Ciprandi G, Ricciardolo FLM. Reliability of Total Serum IgE Levels to Define Type 2 High and Low Asthma Phenotypes. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5447. [PMID: 37685515 PMCID: PMC10488214 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: High total IgE levels are weak predictors of T2High and have been reported in nonallergic asthma. Therefore, the role of total serum IgE (IgE) in the T2High phenotype is still debated. Objective: This study investigated the reliability of stratifying asthmatics into IgEHigh and IgELow within the T2High and T2Low phenotypes. Methods: This cross-sectional single-center study investigated the association of clinical, functional, and bio-humoral parameters in a large asthmatic population stratified by IgE ≥ 100 kU/L, allergen sensitization, B-EOS ≥ 300/µL, and FENO ≥ 30 ppb. Results: Combining T2 biomarkers and IgE identifies (1) T2Low-IgELow (15.5%); (2) T2Low-IgEHigh (5.1%); (3) T2High-IgELow (33.6%); and T2High-IgEHigh (45.7%). T2Low-IgELow patients have more frequent cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities, a higher prevalence of emphysema, and higher LAMA use than the two T2High subgroups. Higher exacerbation rates, rhinitis, and anxiety/depression syndrome characterize the T2Low-IgEHigh phenotype vs. the T2Low-IgELow phenotype. Within the T2High, low IgE was associated with female sex, obesity, and anxiety/depression. Conclusions: High IgE in T2Low patients is associated with a peculiar clinical phenotype, similar to T2High in terms of disease severity and nasal comorbidities, while retaining the T2Low features. IgE may represent an additional biomarker for clustering asthma in both T2High and T2Low phenotypes rather than a predictor of T2High asthma "per se".
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Guida
- Severe Asthma and Rare Lung Disease Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (S.P.); (F.L.M.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.B.); (V.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.); (G.O.); (E.A.)
| | - Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.B.); (V.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.); (G.O.); (E.A.)
| | - Vitina Carriero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.B.); (V.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.); (G.O.); (E.A.)
| | - Stefano Levra
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.B.); (V.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.); (G.O.); (E.A.)
| | - Andrea Elio Sprio
- Department of Research, ASOMI College of Sciences, 19112 Marsa, Malta;
| | - Martina Sciolla
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.B.); (V.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.); (G.O.); (E.A.)
| | - Giulia Orpheu
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.B.); (V.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.); (G.O.); (E.A.)
| | - Elisa Arrigo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.B.); (V.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.); (G.O.); (E.A.)
| | - Stefano Pizzimenti
- Severe Asthma and Rare Lung Disease Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (S.P.); (F.L.M.R.)
| | - Giorgio Ciprandi
- Allergy Clinic, Casa di Cura Villa Montallegro, 16145 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo
- Severe Asthma and Rare Lung Disease Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (S.P.); (F.L.M.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (F.B.); (V.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.); (G.O.); (E.A.)
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (IFT-CNR), Section of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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Arrigo E, Comità S, Pagliaro P, Penna C, Mancardi D. Clinical Applications for Gasotransmitters in the Cardiovascular System: Are We There Yet? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12480. [PMID: 37569855 PMCID: PMC10419417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia is the underlying mechanism in a wide variety of acute and persistent pathologies. As such, understanding the fine intracellular events occurring during (and after) the restriction of blood supply is pivotal to improving the outcomes in clinical settings. Among others, gaseous signaling molecules constitutively produced by mammalian cells (gasotransmitters) have been shown to be of potential interest for clinical treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Nitric oxide (NO and its sibling, HNO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO) have long been proven to be cytoprotective in basic science experiments, and they are now awaiting confirmation with clinical trials. The aim of this work is to review the literature and the clinical trials database to address the state of development of potential therapeutic applications for NO, H2S, and CO and the clinical scenarios where they are more promising.
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De Nicola M, Arrigo E, Anees U. The strategic effect of corporate reputation on customer citizenship behavior: an empirical verification. Rev Manag Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11846-023-00618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Arrigo E, Gilardi S, Muratori L, Raimondo S, Mancardi D. Biological effects of sub-lethal doses of glyphosate and AMPA on cardiac myoblasts. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1165868. [PMID: 37168227 PMCID: PMC10164986 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1165868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Glyphosate is the active compound of different non-selective herbicides, being the most used agriculture pesticide worldwide. Glyphosate and AMPA (one of its main metabolites) are common pollutants of water, soil, and food sources such as crops. They can be detected in biological samples from both exposed workers and general population. Despite glyphosate acts as inhibitor of the shikimate pathway, present only in plants and some microorganisms, its safety in mammals is still debated. Acute glyphosate intoxications are correlated to cardiovascular/neuronal damages, but little is known about the effects of the chronic exposure. Methods: We evaluated the direct biological effects of different concentrations of pure glyphosate/AMPA on a rat-derived cell line of cardiomyoblasts (H9c2) in acute (1-2 h) or sub-chronic (24-48 h) settings. We analyzed cell viability/morphology, ROS production and mitochondrial dynamics. Results: Acute exposure to high doses (above 10 mM) of glyphosate and AMPA triggers immediate cytotoxic effects: reduction in cell viability, increased ROS production, morphological alterations and mitochondrial function. When exposed to lower glyphosate concentrations (1 μM-1 mM), H9c2 cells showed only a slight variation in cell viability and ROS production, while mitochondrial dynamic was unvaried. Moreover, the phenotype was completely restored after 48 h of treatment. Surprisingly, the sub-chronic (48 h) treatment with low concentrations (1 μM-1 mM) of AMPA led to a late cytotoxic response, reflected in a reduction in H9c2 viability. Conclusion: The comprehension of the extent of human exposure to these molecules remains pivotal to have a better critical view of the available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Arrigo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Daniele Mancardi, ; Elisa Arrigo,
| | - Sara Gilardi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Luisa Muratori
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Mancardi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Daniele Mancardi, ; Elisa Arrigo,
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Bertolini F, Sprio AE, Baroso A, Riccardi E, Pizzimenti S, Carriero V, Arrigo E, Di Stefano A, Ricciardolo FLM. Predictors of Low and High Exhaled Nitric Oxide Values in Asthma: A Real-World Study. Respiration 2022; 101:746-756. [PMID: 35512642 DOI: 10.1159/000524498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In asthma, exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a clinically established biomarker of airway T2 inflammation and an indicator for anti-inflammatory therapy. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to identify, in an observational real-world cross-sectional study, the main characteristics of patients with asthma as classified by their FENO level. METHOD We stratified 398 patients with stable mild-to-severe asthma according to FENO level as low (≤25 ppb) versus elevated (>25 ppb), subdividing the latter into two subgroups: moderately elevated (26-50 ppb) versus very high FENO (>50 ppb). Clinical, functional, and blood parameters were extrapolated from patients' chart data and compared with the FENO stratification. Predictors of low and elevated FENO asthma were detected by logistic regression model. RESULTS Low BMI, higher blood eosinophilia, allergen poly-sensitization, the severest airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC), and anti-leukotriene use are predictors of elevated FENO values in asthma, as well as persistent rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps. Beyond these, younger age, more than 2 asthma exacerbations/year, higher airflow reversibility (post-bronchodilator ∆FEV1), and oral corticosteroid dependence are predictors of very high FENO values. In contrast, obesity, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux disease, arterial hypertension, and myocardial infarction are predictors of low FENO asthma. In our population, FENO correlated with blood eosinophils, airflow obstruction, and reversibility and negatively correlated with age and BMI. CONCLUSIONS Stratifying patients by FENO level can identify specific asthma phenotypes with distinct clinical features and predictors useful in clinical practice to tailor treatment and improve asthmatic patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea E Sprio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Department of Research, ASOMI College of Sciences, Marsa, Malta
| | - Andrea Baroso
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Riccardi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Pizzimenti
- Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Vitina Carriero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Arrigo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Division of Pneumology and Laboratory of Cytoimmunopathology of the Heart and Lung, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Novara, Italy
| | - Fabio L M Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Ricciardolo FLM, Sprio AE, Baroso A, Gallo F, Riccardi E, Bertolini F, Carriero V, Arrigo E, Ciprandi G. Characterization of T2-Low and T2-High Asthma Phenotypes in Real-Life. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111684. [PMID: 34829913 PMCID: PMC8615363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous and complex condition characterized by chronic airway inflammation, which may be clinically stratified into three main phenotypes: type 2 (T2) low, T2-high allergic, and T2-high non-allergic asthma. This real-world study investigated whether phenotyping patients with asthma using non-invasive parameters could be feasible to characterize the T2-low and T2-high asthma phenotypes in clinical practice. This cross-sectional observational study involved asthmatic outpatients (n = 503) referring to the Severe Asthma Centre of the San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital. Participants were stratified according to the patterns of T2 inflammation and atopic sensitization. Among outpatients, 98 (19.5%) patients had T2-low asthma, 127 (25.2%) T2-high non-allergic, and 278 (55.3%) had T2-high allergic phenotype. In comparison to T2-low, allergic patients were younger (OR 0.945, p < 0.001) and thinner (OR 0.913, p < 0.001), had lower smoke exposure (OR 0.975, p < 0.001) and RV/TLC% (OR 0.950, p < 0.001), higher prevalence of asthma severity grade 5 (OR 2.236, p < 0.05), more frequent rhinitis (OR 3.491, p < 0.001) and chronic rhinosinusitis with (OR 2.650, p < 0.001) or without (OR 1.919, p < 0.05) nasal polyps, but less common arterial hypertension (OR 0.331, p < 0.001). T2-high non-allergic patients had intermediate characteristics. Non-invasive phenotyping of asthmatic patients is possible in clinical practice. Identifying characteristics in the three main asthma phenotypes could pave the way for further investigations on useful biomarkers for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.E.S.); (A.B.); (E.R.); (F.B.); (V.C.); (E.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Elio Sprio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.E.S.); (A.B.); (E.R.); (F.B.); (V.C.); (E.A.)
- Department of Research, ASOMI College of Sciences, 19112 Marsa, Malta
| | - Andrea Baroso
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.E.S.); (A.B.); (E.R.); (F.B.); (V.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Fabio Gallo
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Elisa Riccardi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.E.S.); (A.B.); (E.R.); (F.B.); (V.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.E.S.); (A.B.); (E.R.); (F.B.); (V.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Vitina Carriero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.E.S.); (A.B.); (E.R.); (F.B.); (V.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Elisa Arrigo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.E.S.); (A.B.); (E.R.); (F.B.); (V.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Giorgio Ciprandi
- Allergy Clinic, Casa di Cura Villa Montallegro, 16145 Genoa, Italy;
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Mancardi D, Arrigo E, Cozzi M, Cecchi I, Radin M, Fenoglio R, Roccatello D, Sciascia S. Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in lupus nephritis: New roles for old players? Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13441. [PMID: 33128260 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, most of the clinical manifestation share a vascular component triggered by endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial cells (ECs) activation occurs both on the arterial and venous side, and the high vascular density of kidneys accounts for the detrimental outcomes of SLE through lupus nephritis (LN). Kidney damage, in turn, exerts a negative feedback on the cardiovascular (CV) system aggravating risk factors for CV diseases such as hypertension, stroke and coronary syndrome among others. Despite the intensive investigation on SLE and LN, the role of endothelial dysfunction, as well as the underlying mechanisms, remains to be fully understood, with no specifically targeted pharmacological treatment. It is not known, in fact, if the activation pathway(s) in venous ECs are similar to the one in arterial ECs and doubts persist on the shared manifestation of microcirculation compared to macrocirculation. In this work, we aim to review the recent literature about the role of endothelial activation and dysfunction in the development of CV complications in SLE and LN patients. We, therefore, focus on arteriovenous similarities and differences and on specific pathways of great vessels compared to capillaries. Critically summarising the available data is of pivotal importance for both basic researchers and clinicians in order to develop and test new pharmacological approaches in the treatment of basic components of SLE and LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mancardi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Arrigo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Martina Cozzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Nephrology and Dialysis S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,School of Specialization in Nephrology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Irene Cecchi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Nephrology and Dialysis S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Radin
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Nephrology and Dialysis S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Fenoglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Nephrology and Dialysis S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Roccatello
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Nephrology and Dialysis S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Savino Sciascia
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Nephrology and Dialysis S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Arrigo E, Zicola E, Mancardi D. Glyphosate-induced injury in neurons, endothelial cells and myoblasts is mediated by ROS production. Vascul Pharmacol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Purpose
Digital technologies and social media have improved the connectivity and collaboration between firms and customers in all sectors. However, in the luxury sector, the approach to social media and digital technologies has been slower than in other industries. The purpose of this paper is to review the academic literature on social media marketing in luxury brands to highlight the current state of the art, the addressed key research themes and the implications for management research and practice.
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review of academic research on social media marketing has been conducted to gather, examine and synthetize studies related to luxury brands. By following a review protocol based on both automatic and manual search on the Scopus database, all relevant studies on luxury brands were identified and analyzed.
Findings
A critical conceptualization of social media marketing in luxury brands has been provided and the emerging key research themes have been categorized into four main areas.
Originality/value
Academic literature about social media marketing activities in luxury firms is very limited and existing studies focus only on certain aspects, contexts or single cases. In contrast, the value of this study, for both academics and practitioners, lies in providing, for the first time, a comprehensive and critical systematization of social media marketing academic literature in the field of luxury brands.
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Abstract
Hepatic vascular exclusion, which includes clamping of the portal pedicle along with the inferior vena cava below and above the liver, may be a useful procedure for resection of liver tumors close to the hepatic veins or the vena cava that are usually considered unresectable by conventional techniques. Since complete caval exclusion is the key to good hemodynamic tolerance and a bloodless transection of the liver parenchyma, several technical aspects of the procedure must be accomplished and are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Huguet
- Department of Surgery, Princess Grace Hospital, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
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