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Keshaviah A, Edkins K, Hastings ER, Krishna M, Franko DL, Herzog DB, Thomas JJ, Murray HB, Eddy KT. Re-examining premature mortality in anorexia nervosa: a meta-analysis redux. Compr Psychiatry 2014; 55:1773-84. [PMID: 25214371 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is reported to have the highest premature mortality of any psychiatric disorder, but recent meta-analyses may have inflated estimates. We sought to re-estimate mortality after methodological corrections and to identify predictors of mortality. We included 41 cohorts from 40 peer-reviewed studies published between 1966 and 2010. Methods included double data extraction, log-linear regression with an over-dispersed Poisson model, and all-cause and suicide-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), with 95% Poisson confidence intervals. Participants with AN were 5.2 [3.7-7.5] times more likely to die prematurely from any cause, and 18.1 [11.5-28.7] times more likely to die by suicide than 15-34 year old females in the general population. Our estimates were 10% and 49% lower, respectively, than previously reported SMRs. Risk of premature mortality was highest in studies with older participants, although confounding by treatment was present. Gender, ascertainment, and diagnostic criteria also impacted risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Keshaviah
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Edkins
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Hastings
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; The Amundsen Group, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Meera Krishna
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Debra L Franko
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David B Herzog
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer J Thomas
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Helen B Murray
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kamryn T Eddy
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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