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Mikaeloff F, Svensson Akusjärvi S, Ikomey GM, Krishnan S, Sperk M, Gupta S, Magdaleno GDV, Escós A, Lyonga E, Okomo MC, Tagne CT, Babu H, Lorson CL, Végvári Á, Banerjea AC, Kele J, Hanna LE, Singh K, de Magalhães JP, Benfeitas R, Neogi U. Trans cohort metabolic reprogramming towards glutaminolysis in long-term successfully treated HIV-infection. Commun Biol 2022; 5:27. [PMID: 35017663 PMCID: PMC8752762 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02985-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite successful combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), persistent low-grade immune activation together with inflammation and toxic antiretroviral drugs can lead to long-lasting metabolic flexibility and adaptation in people living with HIV (PLWH). Our study investigated alterations in the plasma metabolic profiles by comparing PLWH on long-term cART(>5 years) and matched HIV-negative controls (HC) in two cohorts from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), Cameroon, and India, respectively, to understand the system-level dysregulation in HIV-infection. Using untargeted and targeted LC-MS/MS-based metabolic profiling and applying advanced system biology methods, an altered amino acid metabolism, more specifically to glutaminolysis in PLWH than HC were reported. A significantly lower level of neurosteroids was observed in both cohorts and could potentiate neurological impairments in PLWH. Further, modulation of cellular glutaminolysis promoted increased cell death and latency reversal in pre-monocytic HIV-1 latent cell model U1, which may be essential for the clearance of the inducible reservoir in HIV-integrated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Mikaeloff
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Svensson Akusjärvi
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - George Mondinde Ikomey
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box. 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Microbiology, Haematology, Parasitology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Shuba Krishnan
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maike Sperk
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Soham Gupta
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustavo Daniel Vega Magdaleno
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandra Escós
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emilia Lyonga
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box. 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Microbiology, Haematology, Parasitology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marie Claire Okomo
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box. 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Microbiology, Haematology, Parasitology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Claude Tayou Tagne
- Department of Microbiology, Haematology, Parasitology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Hemalatha Babu
- Department of HIV/AIDS, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, ICMR, Chennai, 600031, India
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Christian L Lorson
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ákos Végvári
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Akhil C Banerjea
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Julianna Kele
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Neurovascular Biology and Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luke Elizabeth Hanna
- Department of HIV/AIDS, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, ICMR, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - Kamal Singh
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - João Pedro de Magalhães
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rui Benfeitas
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ujjwal Neogi
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Manipal Institute of Virology (MIV), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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Azebaze Agueguia FS, Talla P, Okomo Assoumou MC, Jacobs GB, Mbakam CH, Guiedem E, Mesembe MT, Lyonga E, Ikomey GM. Involvement of CD95 and ligand in CD4+ T-cell and CD8+ T-cell depletion and hepatic cytolysis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B. Afr J Lab Med 2021; 10:1224. [PMID: 33824856 PMCID: PMC8008047 DOI: 10.4102/ajlm.v10i1.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic viral hepatitis B (HBV) is characterised by progressive hepatocyte destruction and T-cell depletion. The mechanisms of the CD95-CD95 ligand (CD95L) signalling pathway during this chronic disease and the cirrhotic process remains unclear. Objective We evaluated the involvement of the CD95-CD95L receptor-ligand system in T-cell depletion and hepatic cytolysis in patients with chronic HBV. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted from September to December 2018 at the Yaoundé General Hospital, Cameroon. Four mL of whole blood was collected and analysed. The CD95 and CD95L levels, as well as the CD4+ T-cell and CD8+ T-cell counts, were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. Results Of the 130 HBV-positive patients, 36 (27.7%) were cirrhotic and 94 (72.3%) were non-cirrhotic. The cirrhotic patients had significantly elevated CD95 (p < 0.001) and CD95L (p = 0.001) plasma levels, compared with non-cirrhotic patients. The CD4/CD8 ratios were lower in cirrhotic patients, compared to non-cirrhotic patients (p < 0.001). There were statistically significant correlations between CD95 level and CD4+ T-cell counts, between CD95 level and CD8+ T-cell counts, between CD95 level and the CD4/CD8 ratio, between CD95 level and fibrosis score, and between CD95L level and fibrosis score. Conclusion CD95 and CD95L could be involved in T-cell depletion and hepatic cytolysis during the pathogenesis of chronic HBV and could potentially be used as biomarkers for immunological and hepatic monitoring in patients with chronic HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin S Azebaze Agueguia
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé 1 (UY1), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Paul Talla
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), Yaoundé General Hospital, University of Yaoundé 1 (UY1), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marie C Okomo Assoumou
- Department of Microbiology, Haematology, Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé 1 (UY1), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Graeme B Jacobs
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Cedric H Mbakam
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé 1 (UY1), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Elise Guiedem
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé 1 (UY1), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Martha Tongo Mesembe
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé 1 (UY1), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Emilia Lyonga
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé 1 (UY1), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - George Mondinde Ikomey
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences (FMBS), University of Yaoundé 1 (UY1), Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Mikasi SG, Gichana JO, Van der Walt C, Brado D, Obasa AE, Njenda D, Messembe M, Lyonga E, Assoumou O, Cloete R, Ikomey GM, Jacobs GB. HIV-1 Integrase Diversity and Resistance-Associated Mutations and Polymorphisms Among Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor-Naive HIV-1 Patients from Cameroon. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:450-455. [PMID: 31830799 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has put forth recommendations for the use of integrase (IN) strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) to be part of the first-line combination antiretroviral therapy regimen to treat HIV infections. The knowledge of pretreatment drug resistance against INSTIs is still scarce in resource-limited settings (RLS). We characterized the integrase gene to identify resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in 56 INSTI-naive patient viral sequences from Cameroon. Study analysis used 37 sequences with fragment size ≥500 bp or of good quality .The majority of the sequences were identified as CRF02_AG 54.% (n = 20/37) and 45.9% (n = 17/37), other subtype viral sequences include (A, CRF36_cpx, F,G, and C). A total of 18.9% (n = 7/37) of the sequences had RAMs, with only 5.4% (n = 2/37) having major RAMs (Y143R/C/D/G and P145S), against INSTIs. Accessory RAMs were present in 8.1% (n = 3/37) of the sequences, of which one sequence contained solely E157Q, and another Q95K. One patient sequence had three accessory RAMs (G140E, E157Q, and G163R). We identified major RAMs to INSTIs, which might have a potential clinical impact to dolutegravir rollout in RLS, including Cameroon. This is the first study to describe RAMs among INSTI-naive people living with HIV-1 (PLHIV-1) infected with CRF02_AG and other subtypes in Cameroon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sello Given Mikasi
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Josiah Otwoma Gichana
- Division of Oral Surgery, Department of Pathology Laboratory, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Cheri Van der Walt
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dominik Brado
- Division of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Adetayo Emmanuel Obasa
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Duncan Njenda
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martha Messembe
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Emilia Lyonga
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Okomo Assoumou
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ruben Cloete
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - George Mondinde Ikomey
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Graeme Brendon Jacobs
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Chendi BH, Okomo Assoumou MC, Jacobs GB, Yekwa EL, Lyonga E, Mesembe M, Eyoh A, Ikomey GM. Rate of viral load change and adherence of HIV adult patients treated with Efavirenz or Nevirapine antiretroviral regimens at 24 and 48 weeks in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:194. [PMID: 30808298 PMCID: PMC6390322 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV-load decrease and suppression over time is associated with consistent adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Our study aimed to evaluate the difference in viral load and adherence of patients treated with a combination of either Tenofovir (TDF), Lamivudine (3TC) and Efavirenz (EFV) or TDF / Zidovudine (AZT), 3TC and Nevirapine (NVP) regimens at 24 and 48 weeks. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted from May 2016 to June 2017 among 256 HIV infected adult patients who were enrolled at two approved treatment hospitals in Yaoundé, before the start of first-line ART. Whole blood samples were collected using standard operating procedures. HIV-loads were determined by a quantitative RealTime PCR assay. Adherence was evaluated by pharmacy refill data records. Statistical analyses were performed using the PRISM 5.0 software. Results Off the 256 HIV infected patients enrolled, 180 (70%) patients completed the study and 76 (30%) patients were lost to follow-up. The success rate in achieving viral load < 40 copies/ml was 1.8 times higher with the EFV regimen at 24 weeks and was 1.2 times higher in the NVP regimen at 48 weeks. At 48 weeks the treatment failure rate was 12.0 and 40.0% in patients on EFV and the NVP regimen, respectively. The rate of adherence varied in both ART based regimens with 84.0 to 74.0% for EFV and 65.5 to 62.5% for NVP, at 24 and 48 weeks respectively. Conclusion In our study and setting, the rate of viral load decrease was higher in the NVP based regimen than with the EFV regimen. The adherence rate to ART was higher in the EFV regimen, compared to the NVP regimen. This adds to evidence that the EFV regimen is the preferred ART combination for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bih Hycenta Chendi
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Marie Claire Okomo Assoumou
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Graeme Brendon Jacobs
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Elsie Laban Yekwa
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Emilia Lyonga
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Martha Mesembe
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Agnes Eyoh
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - George Mondinde Ikomey
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Ikomey GM, Assoumou MCO, Gichana JO, Njenda D, Mikasi SG, Mesembe M, Lyonga E, Jacobs GB. Observed HIV drug resistance associated mutations amongst naïve immunocompetent children in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Germs 2017; 7:178-185. [PMID: 29264355 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2017.1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The emergence of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) has been a major threat for successful lifelong combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), especially for HIV-vertically infected children within the context of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT). This study aimed to evaluate DRMs amongst immune competent treatment-naïve children in Cameroon. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2015 and 2016 amongst 55 proxy consented HIV-1 positive children, aged 9 months to 6 years. They were all immune competent, cART naïve and with unknown history of PMTCT. CD4 cell counts and genotypic drug resistance testing were performed using standard methods. Results Levels of DRMs to protease (PR) inhibitors (PIs), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non-NRTIs were 27.6%, 3.7% and 40.7%, respectively. Only minor DRMs were observed for PR. The observed mutations for NRTI were K65R, T215I and K219E (33.0% each) and for NNRTI: V106M, Y181C and Y188H (6.0% each). Only minor accessory mutations were found in the integrase (IN) region. Conclusion Despite widely available cART we still observe naïve HIV children, especially from the rural communities. We observe that a proportion of study participants had HIV-1 drug resistance associated mutations (RAMs). Data generated could help strengthen the current PMTCT programmes within the country. There is a need to upscale approaches for drug resistance testing for children in Cameroon and many other resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Mondinde Ikomey
- PhD, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marie Claire Okomo Assoumou
- PhD, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Josiah Otwoma Gichana
- BSc, Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Duncan Njenda
- MSc, Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Sello Given Mikasi
- MSc, Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Martha Mesembe
- BSc, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Emilia Lyonga
- MSc, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Graeme Brendon Jacobs
- PhD, Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
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Betbeui A, Kamga H, Toukam M, Mbakop C, Lyonga E, Bilong S, Koulla-Shiro S. Phenotypic Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemases Produced by Klebsiella spp Isolated from Three Referrals Hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.9734/bmrj/2015/18250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ikomey G, Assoumou MCO, Atashili J, Mesembe M, Mukwele B, Lyonga E, Eyoh A, Kafando A, Ndumbe PM. The Potentials of Fas Receptors and Ligands in Monitoring HIV-1 Disease in Children in Yaoundé, Cameroon. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2013; 15:418-22. [PMID: 23744775 DOI: 10.1177/2325957413488202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Difficulties in systematically monitoring HIV viral load in resource-limited settings prompt the search for alternate approaches. The authors aimed at assessing the correlation between the plasma levels of soluble forms of Fas receptors (Fas) and Fas ligands (FasL) with standard indicators of HIV disease progression in children. METHODS Twenty-two HIV-1-positive children were enrolled in Yaounde. CD4 counts, CD4% counts, plasma levels of Fas, FasL, and HIV-1 RNA levels were assayed. RESULTS The correlation coefficients (P values) between FasL levels and each of HIV-1 viral load, CD4 counts, and CD4% were, respectively, .56 (.01), -.29 (.18), and .30 (.18). On the other hand, the respective correlation coefficients (P values) with Fas levels were .12 (.60), -.30 (.18), and -.29 (.19). CONCLUSION The significant correlation between levels of HIV-1 viral load and FasL suggests that the latter needs to be further studied as a potential biomarker to monitor HIV-1 disease progression in children in resource-limited setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ikomey
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - M-C Okomo Assoumou
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - J Atashili
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon
| | - M Mesembe
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - B Mukwele
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - E Lyonga
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - A Eyoh
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - A Kafando
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - P M Ndumbe
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon
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Ikomey GM, Okomo-Assoumou MC, Atashili J, Mesembe MT, Mukwele B, Lyonga E, Eyoh A, Ndumbe PM. Plasma concentrations of soluble Fas receptors (Fas) and Fas ligands (FasL) in relation to CD4+ cell counts in HIV-1 positive and negative patients in Yaounde, Cameroon. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:322. [PMID: 22726303 PMCID: PMC3441351 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Though documented that HIV infection progresses with the depletion of CD4+ cells, the exact mechanisms by which these cell depletions occur are not clearly understood. This study aimed at evaluating the plasma levels of soluble Fas receptors and ligands in HIV-infected and uninfected patients in Yaounde, Cameroon, a population with a known diversity of HIV in whom this has not been previously assessed. Findings In a cross-sectional study, 39 antiretroviral naïve HIV-1 positive and negative participants were recruited in Yaounde, Cameroon. CD4+ lymphocyte cell counts were quantified from whole blood using an automated FACScount machine (Becton-Dickinson, Belgium). Plasma samples obtained were analyzed for soluble Fas receptors and Fas ligands in both HIV-1 positive and negative samples using two different quantitative sandwich ELISA kits (Quantikine®, R&D Systems , UK). Plasma levels of Fas receptors were higher in HIV-1 positive patients (median = 1486pg/ml IQR = 1193, 1830pg/ml) compared to HIV-negative controls (median = 1244pg/ml, IQR = 1109, 1325pg/ml), p-value <0.001. Plasma levels of Fas ligands were also higher in HIV-1 positive patients (median = 154pg/ml, IQR = 111, 203pg/ml) compared to HIV-negative controls (median = 51pg/ml, IQR = 32, 88pg/ml), p-value = 0.005. Plasma concentrations of soluble fas receptors and ligands tended to be negatively correlated with the CD4+ cell counts of HIV-positive patients; the correlation coefficients were -0.34 (value = 0.78) and-0.3 (p-value = 0.51) respectively. Conclusions In this population of patients in Cameroon, plasma concentrations of Fas receptors and Fas ligands tend to be higher in HIV-positive patients. The Fas pathway of apoptosis may have a role in the depletion of CD4+ cell counts
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Affiliation(s)
- George M Ikomey
- Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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