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Stylianakis E, Chan JPK, Law PP, Jiang Y, Khadayate S, Karimi MM, Festenstein R, Vannier JB. Mouse HP1γ regulates TRF1 expression and telomere stability. Life Sci 2023; 331:122030. [PMID: 37598977 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Telomeric repeat-containing RNAs are long non-coding RNAs generated from the telomeres. TERRAs are essential for the establishment of heterochromatin marks at telomeres, which serve for the binding of members of the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) protein family of epigenetic modifiers involved with chromatin compaction and gene silencing. While HP1γ is enriched on gene bodies of actively transcribed human and mouse genes, it is unclear if its transcriptional role is important for HP1γ function in telomere cohesion and telomere maintenance. We aimed to study the effect of mouse HP1γ on the transcription of telomere factors and molecules that can affect telomere maintenance. MAIN METHODS We investigated the telomere function of HP1γ by using HP1γ deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). We used gene expression analysis of HP1γ deficient MEFs and validated the molecular and mechanistic consequences of HP1γ loss by telomere FISH, immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR and DNA-RNA immunoprecipitation (DRIP). KEY FINDINGS Loss of HP1γ in primary MEFs led to a downregulation of various telomere and telomere-accessory transcripts, including the shelterin protein TRF1. Its downregulation is associated with increased telomere replication stress and DNA damage (γH2AX), effects more profound in females. We suggest that the source for the impaired telomere maintenance is a consequence of increased telomeric DNA-RNA hybrids and TERRAs arising at and from mouse chromosomes 18 and X. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest an important transcriptional control by mouse HP1γ of various telomere factors including TRF1 protein and TERRAs that has profound consequences on telomere stability, with a potential sexually dimorphic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Stylianakis
- Telomere Replication & Stability group, Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Gene Control Mechanisms and Disease Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jackson Ping Kei Chan
- Gene Control Mechanisms and Disease Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pui Pik Law
- Gene Control Mechanisms and Disease Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Jiang
- Gene Control Mechanisms and Disease Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Khadayate
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Karimi
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Festenstein
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Gene Control Mechanisms and Disease Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Baptiste Vannier
- Telomere Replication & Stability group, Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Renieris G, Karakike E, Gkavogianni T, Droggiti DE, Stylianakis E, Andriopoulou T, Spanou VM, Kafousopoulos D, Netea MG, Eugen-Olsen J, Simard J, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ. IL-1 Mediates Tissue-Specific Inflammation and Severe Respiratory Failure in COVID-19. J Innate Immun 2022; 14:643-656. [PMID: 35545011 PMCID: PMC9801253 DOI: 10.1159/000524560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19 has been associated with catastrophic inflammation. We present measurements in humans and a new animal model implicating a role in danger-associated molecular patterns. Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were measured in patients without/with ARDS, and admission calprotectin was associated with soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR). An animal model was developed by intravenous injection of plasma from healthy or patients with COVID-19 ARDS into C57/BL6 mice once daily for 3 consecutive days. Mice were treated with one anti-S100A8/A9 antibody, the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra or vehicle, and Flo1-2a anti-murine anti-IL-1α monoclonal antibody or the specific antihuman IL-1α antibody XB2001 or isotype controls. Cytokines and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured in tissues. Calprotectin, but not HMGB1, was elevated in ARDS. Higher suPAR indicated higher calprotectin. Animal challenge with COVID-19 plasma led to inflammatory reactions in murine lung and intestines as evidenced by increased levels of TNFα, IL-6, IFNγ, and MPO. Lung inflammation was attenuated with anti-S100A8/A9 pre-treatment. Anakinra treatment restored these levels. Similar decrease was found in mice treated with Flo1-2a but not with XB2001. Circulating alarmins, specifically calprotectin, of critically ill COVID-19 patients induces tissue-specific inflammatory responses through an IL-1-mediated mechanism. This could be attenuated through inhibition of IL-1 receptor or of IL-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Renieris
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Karakike
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Theologia Gkavogianni
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysia-Eirini Droggiti
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Stylianakis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Theano Andriopoulou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Victoria-Marina Spanou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionyssios Kafousopoulos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Immunology and Metabolism, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesper Eugen-Olsen
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece,*Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis,
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Latsoudis H, Stylianakis E, Mavroudi I, Kanterakis A, Pavlidis P, Georgopoulou A, Batsali A, Gontika I, Fragiadaki I, Zamanakou M, Germenis AE, Papadaki HA. Significance of regional population HLA immunogenetic datasets in the efficacy of umbilical cord blood banks and marrow donor registries: a study of Cretan HLA genetic diversity. Cytotherapy 2021; 24:183-192. [PMID: 34465516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The high genetic diversity of HLA across populations significantly confines the effectiveness of a donor or umbilical cord blood search for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study aims to probe the HLA immunogenetic profile of the population of Crete, a Greek region with specific geographic and historical characteristics, and to investigate potential patterns in HLA distribution following comparison with the Deutsche Knochenmarkspenderdatei (DKMS) donor registry. It also aims to highlight the importance of regional public cord blood banks (PCBBs) in fulfilling HSCT needs, especially in countries with significant genetic diversity. METHODS A cohort of 1835 samples representative of the Cretan population was typed for HLA class I (HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C) and class II (HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DPB1) loci by high-resolution second field next-generation sequencing. Data were compared with the respective HLA profiles of 12 DKMS populations (n = 20 032). Advanced statistical and bioinformatics methods were employed to assess specific intra- and inter-population genetic indexes associated with the regional and geographic distribution of HLA alleles and haplotypes. RESULTS A considerable HLA allelic and haplotypic diversity was identified among the Cretan samples and between the latter and the pooled DKMS cohort. Even though the HLA allele and haplotype frequency distribution was similar to regions of close geographic proximity to Crete, a clinal distribution pattern from the northern to southern regions was identified. Significant differences were also observed between Crete and the Greek population of DKMS. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an in-depth characterization of the HLA immunogenetic profile in Crete and reveals the importance of demographic history in HLA heterogeneity and donor selection. The novel HLA allele and haplotype frequency comparative data between the Cretan and other European populations signify the importance of regional PCBBs in prioritizing HLA diversity to efficiently promote the HSCT program at the national level and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Latsoudis
- Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Stylianakis
- Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Irene Mavroudi
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece; Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Alexandros Kanterakis
- Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pavlidis
- Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anthie Georgopoulou
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece; Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristea Batsali
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece; Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Gontika
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece; Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Irene Fragiadaki
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece; Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | | | - Helen A Papadaki
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece; Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
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Gontika I, Latsoudis H, Zamanakou M, Stylianakis E, Papadaki HA. Detection of the novel HLA-B*51:232:02 variant in an inhabitant from the island of Crete. HLA 2020; 97:364-366. [PMID: 33241916 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the HLA-B*51:232:02 allele in a Greek individual of Cretan origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Gontika
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Haematology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece.,Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Helen Latsoudis
- Information Systems Laboratory, Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Emmanouil Stylianakis
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Helen A Papadaki
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Haematology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece.,Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Batsali A, Latsoudis H, Vatsiou S, Stylianakis E, Papadaki HA. Two novel HLA-C alleles, HLA-C*15:228 and -C*04:434, detected in inhabitants from the island of Crete. HLA 2020; 97:243-245. [PMID: 33241910 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the novel HLA-C*15:228 and HLA-C*04:434 alleles in two Greek individuals of Cretan origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristea Batsali
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Haematology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece.,Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Helen Latsoudis
- Information Systems Laboratory, Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Emmanouil Stylianakis
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Helen A Papadaki
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Haematology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece.,Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Georgopoulou A, Latsoudis H, Vatsiou S, Stylianakis E, Papadaki HA. Detection of the novel HLA-DQB1*03:439 variant in an inhabitant from the island of Crete. HLA 2020; 97:88-90. [PMID: 33124770 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of HLA-DQB1*03:439 allele in a Greek individual of Cretan origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthie Georgopoulou
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Haematology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Helen Latsoudis
- Information Systems Laboratory, Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Emmanouil Stylianakis
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.,Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Helen A Papadaki
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Haematology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
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