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Souto EPF, Oliveira AM, Hoffmann AR, Mota RA, Galiza GJN, Dantas AFM. Cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in a greater bulldog bat (Noctilio leporinus) in northeastern Brazil. J Comp Pathol 2023; 201:37-40. [PMID: 36701871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An adult male greater bulldog bat (Noctilio leporinus) was found dead in a suburban area in the municipality of Patos, Paraiba, northeastern Brazil. At post-mortem examination, the bat was emaciated and had multifocal to coalescent grey, crusted, dry, scaly cutaneous lesions, irregularly distributed over the dorsal thoracoabdominal region, muzzle, labial commissures, ears and dorsoventral surfaces of the patagia. Histopathology revealed numerous longitudinal and transverse sections of fungal organisms, with weakly basophilic walls, associated with multifocal areas of ulceration of the epidermis, necrosis, rupture and discontinuity of collagen fibres in the dermis without any inflammatory response. Molecular identification matched the organism to Cladosporium spp, Curvularia spp, Exserohilum spp, Bipolaris spp (100%) and Alternaria spp (97%), all of which have been associated with phaeohyphomycosis. Phaeohyphomycosis should be included as a differential diagnosis of cutaneous lesions in chiropterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P F Souto
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil.
| | - A M Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - A R Hoffmann
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - R A Mota
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - G J N Galiza
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - A F M Dantas
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
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Souto EPF, Maia LA, Neto EGM, Kommers GD, Junior FG, Riet-Correa F, Galiza GJN, Dantas AFM. Pythiosis in Equidae in Northeastern Brazil: 1985-2020. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 105:103726. [PMID: 34607686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The epidemiologic, clinical, pathologic, microbiological and immunohistochemical findings of pythiosis in equidae in northeastern Brazil are described. From January 1985 to December 2020 the Laboratory of Animal Pathology of the Federal University of Campina Grande received 1,331 tissue samples of equidae, 202 (15.17%) of which were diagnosed as pythiosis. Equidae of both sexes with ages varying from 4 months to 25 years were affected. Most animals were mixed breed (79.7%) and reared in an extensive system (73.26%). The disease occurred throughout the year but the highest incidence (70.29%) was noted after the rainy season. The clinical course was always chronic. The lesions were preferentially located on the limbs and ventral thoracoabdominal wall and characterized by nodules or tumor-like masses with ulcerations and serosanguineous discharge. The cut surface showed fistulous tracts containing kunkers. The direct examination of the kunkers and microbiological culture revealed sparsely septate and branched hyaline hyphae. Histopathology revealed a marked inflammatory infiltrate of eosinophils with multifocal well-defined areas of eosinophil necrosis and collagenolysis and intralesional negatively-stained hyphal profiles; in the donkey, a pyogranulomatous inflammatory infiltrate was noted surrounding these areas. Immunohistochemistry for Pythium insidiosum revealed strong immunolabelling of the hyphae. Pythiosis occurs endemically in equidae in northeastern Brazil, with seasonal variation in the incidence. The intralesional kunkers establishes an accurate presumptive diagnosis, but confirmation should preferably be performed through histopathology associated with immunohistochemistry, culture-based or molecular methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Platiní F Souto
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil.
| | - Lisanka A Maia
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal Institute of Paraiba, Sousa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Eldine G Miranda Neto
- Large Animal Medical Clinic, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Glaucia D Kommers
- Pathology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Felício Garino Junior
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Franklin Riet-Correa
- Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Glauco J N Galiza
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Antonio F M Dantas
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
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Souto EPF, Maia LA, Virgínio JP, Carneiro RS, Kommers GD, Riet-Correa F, Galiza GJN, Dantas AFM. Pythiosis in cats in northeastern Brazil. J Mycol Med 2020; 30:101005. [PMID: 32522404 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The epidemiological, clinical and anatomopathological aspects of pythiosis in cats in northeastern Brazil are described. From January 2000 to December 2018 the Laboratory of Animal Pathology of the Federal University of Campina Grande received 1928 tissue samples of cats, three of which were diagnosed as pythiosis. Grossly, the cats showed a multinodular mass in the oral cavity associated with facial deformity (case 1), a large multinodular mass thickening the jejunum wall (case 2), and an ulcerated nodule in the skin at the base of the tail (case 3). Histologically, pyogranulomatous inflammation and necrosis, with intralesional predominantly negatively stained hyphae, were observed in all cases. Immunohistochemistry for Pythium insidiosum revealed strong immunolabelling of the hyphae. The diagnosis of pythiosis was based on the epidemiological, clinical and anatomopathological findings, and was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Although uncommon in cats, pythiosis should be readily considered as a differential diagnosis of chronic pyogranulomatous infections of the gastrointestinal tract and skin, especially in endemic areas, where the disease is often diagnosed in other animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P F Souto
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil.
| | - L A Maia
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal Institute of Paraiba, Sousa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - J P Virgínio
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal Institute of Paraiba, Sousa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - R S Carneiro
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - G D Kommers
- Pathology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - F Riet-Correa
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - G J N Galiza
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - A F M Dantas
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
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Souto EPF, Maia LA, Olinda RG, Galiza GJN, Kommers GD, Miranda-Neto EG, Dantas AFM, Riet-Correa F. Pythiosis in the Nasal Cavity of Horses. J Comp Pathol 2016; 155:126-129. [PMID: 27406311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of nasal pythiosis are reported in horses from the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. From January 1986 to December 2015, the Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Campina Grande received 830 equine samples, 156 (18.79%) of which were diagnosed with pythiosis. Of these, two horses (1.28%), a male and a female adult cross-breed, had lesions in the nasal cavity. Both horses had access to water reservoirs. Clinically, they had swelling in the rhinofacial region and a serosanguineous nasal discharge. Macroscopically, in case 1, the lesion affected the nasal vestibule, extending to the alar cartilage and nasal septum. In case 2, the lesion extended through the turbinates and the meatuses of the nasal cavity, as well as the ethmoid region. In both cases, the lesions were characterized by having a yellow-grey granular surface with cavitations of different sizes containing coral-like masses of necrotic tissue (kunkers). Histologically, multifocal necrotizing eosinophilic rhinitis associated with hyphae (2-8 μm) similar to Pythium insidiosum were observed. In case 2, the lesions extended to the muscle, cartilage and bone adjacent to the nasal cavity and lungs. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. It is concluded that nasal pythiosis occurs sporadically in horses in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil where cutaneous pythiosis is prevalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P F Souto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brazil
| | - L A Maia
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brazil
| | - R G Olinda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brazil
| | - G J N Galiza
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brazil
| | - G D Kommers
- Pathology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - E G Miranda-Neto
- Medical Clinic for Large Animals, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brazil
| | - A F M Dantas
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brazil
| | - F Riet-Correa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brazil.
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