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Farhadian S, Heidari-Soureshjani E, Hashemi-Shahraki F, Hasanpour-Dehkordi A, Uversky VN, Shirani M, Shareghi B, Sadeghi M, Pirali E, Hadi-Alijanvand S. Identification of the SARS-CoV-2 surface therapeutic targets and drugs using molecular modeling methods for inhibition the virus entry. J Mol Struct 2022; 1256:132488. [PMID: 35125515 PMCID: PMC8797986 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Although COVID-19 emerged as a major concern to public health around the world, no licensed medication has been found as of yet to efficiently stop the virus spread and treat the infection. The SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cell is driven by the direct interaction of the S1 domain with the ACE-2 receptor followed by conformational changes in the S2 domain, as a result of which fusion peptide is inserted into the target cell membrane, and the fusion process is mediated by the specific interactions between the heptad repeats 1 and 2 (HR1 and HR2) that form the six-helical bundle. Since blocking this interaction between HRs stops virus fusion and prevents its subsequent replication, the HRs inhibitors can be used as anti-COVID drugs. The initial drug selection is based on existing molecular databases to screen for molecules that may have a therapeutic effect on coronavirus. Based on these premises, we chose two approved drugs to investigate their interactions with the HRs (based on docking methods). To this end, molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking were carried out to investigate the changes in the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Our results revealed, cefpiramide has the highest affinity to S protein, thereby revealing its potential to become an anti-COVID-19 clinical medicine. Therefore, this study offers new ways to re-use existing drugs to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Farhadian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, P. O. Box.115, Iran.,Central Laboratory, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ehsan Heidari-Soureshjani
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hashemi-Shahraki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, P. O. Box.115, Iran.,Central Laboratory, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Hasanpour-Dehkordi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of allied medical sciences, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Majid Shirani
- Department of Urology, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Behzad Shareghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, P. O. Box.115, Iran.,Central Laboratory, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehraban Sadeghi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Pirali
- Aquatic Animal Diseases, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of natural Science, Shahrekord University, Iran
| | - Saeid Hadi-Alijanvand
- Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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Erfanmanesh A, Soltani M, Pirali E, Mohammadian S, Taherimirghaed A. Genetic characterization of Streptococcus iniae in diseased farmed rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) in Iran. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:594073. [PMID: 22550467 PMCID: PMC3322394 DOI: 10.1100/2012/594073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic characterization of strains of Streptococcus iniae recovered from morbidity and mortality of farmed rainbow trout in different provinces of Iran were studied. The Gram-positive cocci isolates were obtained from the kidney tissues of diseased rainbow trout on blood agar at 25°C for 72 h. The grown bacteria were then characterized using biochemical and molecular works. The identified 26 isolates of S. iniae producing a 513 bp in PCR procedure were then compared using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using 9 random primers. The phylogenetic tree of the RAPD product using UPMGA software included these strains in one genetic group but into two clusters. The results of this study show that S. iniae strains from the diseased rainbow trout in the north part of Iran are genetically similar to those strains in the south and west parts of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Erfanmanesh
- Academic Center of Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
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