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Simó R, Franch-Nadal J, Vlacho B, Real J, Amado E, Flores J, Mata-Cases M, Ortega E, Rigla M, Vallés JA, Hernández C, Mauricio D. Rapid Reduction of HbA1c and Early Worsening of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Real-world Population-Based Study in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:1633-1639. [PMID: 37428631 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-2521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early worsening of diabetic retinopathy (EWDR) due to the rapid decrease of blood glucose levels is a concern in diabetes treatment. The aim of the current study is to evaluate whether this is an important issue in subjects with type 2 diabetes with mild or moderate nonproliferative DR (NPDR), who represent the vast majority of subjects with DR attended in primary care. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This is a retrospective nested case-control study of subjects with type 2 diabetes and previous mild or moderate NPDR. Using the SIDIAP ("Sistema d'informació pel Desenvolupament de la Recerca a Atenció Primària") database, we selected 1,150 individuals with EWDR and 1,150 matched control subjects (DR without EWDR). The main variable analyzed was the magnitude of the reduction of HbA1c in the previous 12 months. The reduction of HbA1c was categorized as rapid (>1.5% reduction in <12 months) or very rapid (>2% in <6 months). RESULTS We did not find any significant difference in HbA1c reduction between case and control subjects (0.13 ± 1.21 vs. 0.21 ± 1.18; P = 0.12). HbA1c reduction did not show significant association with worsening of DR, neither in the unadjusted analyses nor in adjusted statistical models that included the main confounding variables: duration of diabetes, baseline HbA1c, presence of hypertension, and antidiabetic drugs. In addition, when stratification by baseline HbA1c was performed, we did not find that those patients with higher levels of HbA1c presented a higher risk to EWDR. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the rapid reduction of HbA1c is not associated with progression of mild or moderate NPDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Simó
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Josep Franch-Nadal
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Grup de Diabetis d'Atenció Primària (DAP-Cat), Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, Barcelona, Spain
- Primary Health Care Center Raval Sud, Gerència d'Àmbit d'Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bogdan Vlacho
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Grup de Diabetis d'Atenció Primària (DAP-Cat), Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Real
- Grup de Diabetis d'Atenció Primària (DAP-Cat), Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Amado
- Gerència del Medicament, Institut Català de la Salut, Gerència d'Atenció Primaria, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juana Flores
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitari del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Mata-Cases
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Grup de Diabetis d'Atenció Primària (DAP-Cat), Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, Barcelona, Spain
- Gerència d'Àmbit d'Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut, Primary Health Care Center La Mina, Sant Adrià de Besòs, Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Suñer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Rigla
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Tauli, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Joan-Anton Vallés
- Gerència del Medicament, Institut Català de la Salut, Gerència d'Atenció Primaria, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Didac Mauricio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Grup de Diabetis d'Atenció Primària (DAP-Cat), Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
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Villén N, Roso-Llorach A, Gallego-Moll C, Danes-Castells M, Fernández-Bertolin S, Troncoso-Mariño A, Monteagudo M, Amado E, Violán C. Polypharmacy Patterns in Multimorbid Older People with Cardiovascular Disease: Longitudinal Study. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7060141. [PMID: 36547277 PMCID: PMC9777651 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7060141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is associated with high mortality, especially in older people. This study aimed to characterize the evolution of combined multimorbidity and polypharmacy patterns in older people with different cardiovascular disease profiles. (2) Material and methods: This longitudinal study drew data from the Information System for Research in Primary Care in people aged 65 to 99 years with profiles of cardiovascular multimorbidity. Combined patterns of multimorbidity and polypharmacy were analysed using fuzzy c-means clustering techniques and hidden Markov models. The prevalence, observed/expected ratio, and exclusivity of chronic diseases and/or groups of these with the corresponding medication were described. (3) Results: The study included 114,516 people, mostly men (59.6%) with a mean age of 78.8 years and a high prevalence of polypharmacy (83.5%). The following patterns were identified: Mental, behavioural, digestive and cerebrovascular; Neuropathy, autoimmune and musculoskeletal; Musculoskeletal, mental, behavioural, genitourinary, digestive and dermatological; Non-specific; Multisystemic; Respiratory, cardiovascular, behavioural and genitourinary; Diabetes and ischemic cardiopathy; and Cardiac. The prevalence of overrepresented health problems and drugs remained stable over the years, although by study end, cohort survivors had more polypharmacy and multimorbidity. Most people followed the same pattern over time; the most frequent transitions were from Non-specific to Mental, behavioural, digestive and cerebrovascular and from Musculoskeletal, mental, behavioural, genitourinary, digestive and dermatological to Non-specific. (4) Conclusions: Eight combined multimorbidity and polypharmacy patterns, differentiated by sex, remained stable over follow-up. Understanding the behaviour of different diseases and drugs can help design individualised interventions in populations with clinical complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Villén
- Medicines Area and Pharmacy Service, Barcelona Territorial Management, Institut Català de la Salut, 08015 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Albert Roso-Llorach
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- IDIAP Research Institute, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marc Danes-Castells
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Camí de les Escoles, s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Sant Quirze del Vallès Primary Health Care Center Av. d′Ègara, s/n, Sant Quirze del Vallès, 08192 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Amelia Troncoso-Mariño
- Medicines Area and Pharmacy Service, Barcelona Territorial Management, Institut Català de la Salut, 08015 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ester Amado
- Medicines Area and Pharmacy Service, Barcelona Territorial Management, Institut Català de la Salut, 08015 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Concepción Violán
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Preventive Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Camí de les Escoles, s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- North Metropolitan Research Support Unit, IDIAP Research Institute, Mataró, 08303 Barcelona, Spain
- North Metropolitan Primary Health Care Administration, Institut Català de Salut, Ctra. de Barcelona, 473, Sabadell, 08204 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Villén N, Guisado-Clavero M, Fernández-Bertolín S, Troncoso-Mariño A, Foguet-Boreu Q, Amado E, Pons-Vigués M, Roso-Llorach A, Violán C. Correction to: Multimorbidity patterns, polypharmacy and their association with liver and kidney abnormalities in people over 65 years of age: a longitudinal study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:399. [PMID: 35524180 PMCID: PMC9074224 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Villén
- Àrea del Medicament i Servei de Farmàcia, Gerencia Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain.,Methodology of Biomedical Research and Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Guisado-Clavero
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sergio Fernández-Bertolín
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Amelia Troncoso-Mariño
- Àrea del Medicament i Servei de Farmàcia, Gerencia Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Quintí Foguet-Boreu
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Vic University Hospital, Vic, Spain
| | - Ester Amado
- Àrea del Medicament i Servei de Farmàcia, Gerencia Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Pons-Vigués
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain.,Àrea de Serveis Assistencials, Servei Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Roso-Llorach
- Methodology of Biomedical Research and Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Concepción Violán
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Villén N, Guisado-Clavero M, Fernández-Bertolín S, Troncoso-Mariño A, Foguet-Boreu Q, Amado E, Pons-Vigués M, Roso-Llorach A, Violán C. Multimorbidity patterns, polypharmacy and their association with liver and kidney abnormalities in people over 65 years of age: a longitudinal study. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:206. [PMID: 32532213 PMCID: PMC7291454 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01580-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The implementation of individual clinical practice guidelines in patients with multimorbidity often results in polypharmacy. Our aim was to analyse medication use according to longitudinal multimorbidity patterns (MP) and determine during a 5-year period (2012-16) which MP are associated with abnormal liver and kidney function in primary care patients over 65 years of age living in Catalonia. METHODS Design: Longitudinal study (years 2012 to 2016) based on the electronic health records contained in Information System for Research in Primary Care database of the Catalan Institute of Health (SIDIAP). VARIABLES age, sex, MP, medication and polypharmacy (drug exposure obtained from the Pharmacy Invoice Registry). Medicines were classified in accordance with the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System (ATC). Glomerular filtration rate was used to determine abnormal kidney function, and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase were used to diagnose abnormal liver function. STATISTICS For medication use in MP, we calculated annual mean packages of each drug in each MP, and observed/expected ratios were obtained by dividing mean packages in the cluster by mean packages of the same drug in the overall population. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the association between MP at baseline and abnormal kidney and liver function tests during follow up. RESULTS Nine hundred sixteen thousand six hundred nineteen patients were included, and 743,827 completed the follow up. We identified one polypharmacy profile per MP, and concluded that the most prescribed drugs in each pattern corresponded to the diseases overrepresented in that specific MP. The median of drugs ranged from 3 (Cluster 1 - Non-Specific) to 8 (Cluster 10 - Multisystem Pattern). Abnormal kidney function was most commonly observed in the Cluster 4 - Cardio-Circulatory and Renal (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.19; Confidence interval [CI] 95% 2.15-2.23) and Cluster 3 - Minority Metabolic Autoimmune-Inflammatory (OR 2.16; CI 95% 2.12-2.20) MP. A higher risk of abnormal liver function was observed in the Cluster 8 - Digestive (OR 3.39; CI 95% 3.30-3.49), and Cluster 4 - Cardio-Circulatory and Renal (OR 1.96; CI 95% 1.91-2.02) MP. CONCLUSIONS A higher risk of abnormal kidney and liver function was observed in specific MP. The long-term characterisation of MP and polypharmacy illustrates the burden of chronic multimorbidity and polypharmacy in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Villén
- Àrea del Medicament i Servei de Farmàcia, Gerencia Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
- Methodology of Biomedical Research and Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Guisado-Clavero
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sergio Fernández-Bertolín
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Amelia Troncoso-Mariño
- Àrea del Medicament i Servei de Farmàcia, Gerencia Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Quintí Foguet-Boreu
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Vic University Hospital, Vic, Spain
| | - Ester Amado
- Àrea del Medicament i Servei de Farmàcia, Gerencia Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Pons-Vigués
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain
- Àrea de Serveis Assistencials. Servei Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Roso-Llorach
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Concepción Violán
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Morros R, Vedia C, Giner-Soriano M, Casellas A, Amado E, Baena JM. [Community-acquired pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with inhaled corticosteroids or other bronchodilators. Study PNEUMOCORT]. Aten Primaria 2018; 51:333-340. [PMID: 29661670 PMCID: PMC6837040 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objetivos Analizar el riesgo de neumonía y/o exacerbaciones en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) tratados con corticoides inhalados (CI) y no tratados con CI (NCI). Estimar el riesgo de neumonía según la dosis de CI. Diseño Estudio de cohortes de base poblacional. Emplazamiento Atención Primaria. Institut Català de la Salut. Participantes Pacientes ≥ 45 años diagnosticados de EPOC entre 2007 y 2009 en el Sistema de Información para el Desarrollo de la Investigación en Atención Primaria (SIDIAP). Intervención Dos cohortes; pacientes que inician CI y pacientes que inician broncodilatadores NCI después del diagnóstico de EPOC. Mediciones principales Sociodemográficas, tabaquismo, antecedentes patológicos, neumonías, exacerbaciones, vacunaciones y tratamientos farmacológicos. Resultados Se incluyeron 3.837 pacientes: el 58% en el grupo CI y el 42% en el grupo NCI. Se detectaron incidencias superiores de neumonía y exacerbaciones en el grupo CI respecto al NCI (2,18 vs. 1,37). El riesgo de neumonía y de exacerbaciones graves no fue significativamente diferente entre grupos: HR de 1,17 (IC 95%: 0,87-1,56) y de 1,06 (IC 95%: 0,87-1,31), respectivamente. En el grupo CI presentaron mayor riesgo de exacerbaciones leves, con HR de 1,28 (IC 95%: 1,10-1,50). Las variables asociadas a mayor riesgo de neumonías fueron: edad, diabetes, neumonías y bronquitis previas, EPOC muy grave, tratamiento con β2-adrenérgicos o anticolinérgicos a dosis bajas, y tratamiento previo con corticoides orales. Conclusiones No hubo diferencias entre cohortes en el riesgo de NAC ni exacerbaciones graves. Las exacerbaciones leves fueron superiores en el grupo CI. Tanto NAC como exacerbaciones graves fueron más frecuentes en pacientes con EPOC grave y en pacientes tratados con dosis altas de CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Morros
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, España; Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, España
| | - Cristina Vedia
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, España; Unitat de Farmàcia, Servei d'Atenció Primària Barcelonès Nord i Maresme, Institut Català de la Salut, Badalona, España.
| | - Maria Giner-Soriano
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, España; Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, España
| | - Aina Casellas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Ester Amado
- Àmbit d'Atenció Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, España
| | - Jose Miguel Baena
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, España; Centre de Salut la Marina, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, España
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Comin E, Catalan-Ramos A, Iglesias-Rodal M, Grau M, Del Val JL, Consola A, Amado E, Pons A, Mata-Cases M, Franzi A, Ciurana R, Frigola E, Cos X, Davins J, Verdu-Rotellar JM. Impact of implementing electronic clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis, control and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors: A pre-post controlled study. Aten Primaria 2017; 49:389-398. [PMID: 28314542 PMCID: PMC6875959 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of computerized clinical practice guidelines on the management, diagnosis, treatment, control, and follow-up of the main cardiovascular risk factors: hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. DESIGN Pre-post controlled study. SETTING Catalonia, autonomous community located in north-eastern Spain. PARTICIPANTS Individuals aged 35-74 years assigned to general practitioners of the Catalan Health Institute. INTERVENTION The intervention group consisted of individuals whose general practitioners had accessed the computerized clinical practice guidelines at least twice a day, while the control group consisted of individuals whose general practitioner had never accessed the computerized clinical practice guidelines platform. MAIN OUTCOMES The Chi-squared test was used to detect significant differences in the follow-up, control, and treatment variables for all three disorders (hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus) between individuals assigned to users and non-users of the computerized clinical practice guidelines, respectively. RESULTS A total of 189,067 patients were included in this study, with a mean age of 56 years (standard deviation 12), and 55.5% of whom were women. Significant differences were observed in hypertension management, treatment and control; type 2 diabetes mellitus management, treatment and diagnoses, and the management and control of hypercholesterolaemia in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS Computerized clinical practice guidelines are an effective tool for the control and follow-up of patients diagnosed with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolaemia. The usefulness of computerized clinical practice guidelines to diagnose and adequately treat individuals with these disorders remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Comin
- Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Maria Grau
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis Del Val
- Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Consola
- Aplicaciones en Informática Avanzada (AIA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Amado
- Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angels Pons
- Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Eva Frigola
- Avedis Donabedian University Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Cos
- Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Davins
- Subdirecció General de Serveis Sanitaris, Departament de Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose M Verdu-Rotellar
- Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Catalán A, Borrell F, Pons À, Amado E, Baena JM, Morales V. Seguridad del paciente en atención primaria: proyecto PREFASEG (PREscripción FArmacológica SEGura). Med Clin (Barc) 2014; 143 Suppl 1:32-5. [PMID: 25128357 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Comin E, Catalán-Ramos A, M Verdu J, Iglesias-Rodal M, del Val García JL, Grau M, Amado E, Pons A, Consola A, Ciurana R, Franzi A, Mata M, Cos X, Frigola E, Davins J. Impact of the implementation of electronic guidelines for cardiovascular prevention in primary care: study protocol. Inform Prim Care 2012; 20:129-39. [PMID: 23710777 DOI: 10.14236/jhi.v20i2.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The electronic medical records software of the Catalan Institute of Health has recently incorporated an electronic version of clinical practice guidelines (e-CPGs). This study aims to assess the impact of the implementation of e-CPGs on the diagnosis, treatment, control and management of hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus type 2 and hypertension. METHODS Eligible study participants are those aged 35-74 years assigned to family practitioners (FPs) of the Catalan Institute of Health. Routinely collected data from electronic primary care registries covering 80% of the Catalan population will be analysed using two approaches: (1) a cross-sectional study to describe the characteristics of the sample before e-CPG implementation; (2) a controlled before-and-after study with 1-year follow-up to ascertain the effect of e-CPG implementation. Patients of FPs who regularly use the e-CPGs will constitute the intervention group; the control group will comprise patients assigned to FPs not regularly using the e-CPG. The outcomes are: (1) suspected and confirmed diagnoses, (2) control of clinical variables, (3) requests for tests and (4) proportions of patients with adequate drug prescriptions. RESULTS This protocol should represent a reproducible process to assess the impact of the implementation of e-CPGs. We anticipate reporting results in late 2013. CONCLUSION This project will assess the effectiveness of e-CPGs to improve clinical decisions and healthcare procedures in the three disorders analysed. The results will shed light on the use of evidence-based medicine to improve clinical practice of FPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Comin
- Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona Spain.
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Bolíbar I, Plaza V, Llauger M, Amado E, Antón PA, Espinosa A, Domínguez L, Fraga M, Freixas M, de la Fuente JA, Liguerre I, Medrano C, Peiro M, Pou M, Sanchis J, Solanes I, Valero C, Valverde P. Assessment of a primary and tertiary care integrated management model for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. BMC Public Health 2009; 9:68. [PMID: 19239679 PMCID: PMC2661072 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Spain continues to present challenges, and problems are exacerbated when there is a lack of coordinated follow-up between levels of care. This paper sets out the protocol for assessing the impact of an integrated management model for the care of patients with COPD. The new model will be evaluated in terms of 1) improvement in the rational utilization of health-care services and 2) benefits reflected in improved health status and quality of life for patients. METHODS/DESIGN A quasi-experimental study of the effectiveness of a COPD management model called COPD PROCESS. The patients in the study cohorts will be residents of neighborhoods served by two referral hospitals in Barcelona, Spain. One area comprises the intervention group (n = 32,248 patients) and the other the control group (n = 32,114 patients). The study will include pre- and post-intervention assessment 18 months after the program goes into effect. Analyses will be on two datasets: clinical and administrative data available for all patients, and clinical assessment information for a cohort of 440 patients sampled randomly from the intervention and control areas. The main endpoints will be the hospitalization rates in the two health-care areas and quality-of-life measures in the two cohorts. DISCUSSION The COPD PROCESS model foresees the integrated multidisciplinary management of interventions at different levels of the health-care system through coordinated routine clinical practice. It will put into practice diagnostic and treatment procedures that are based on current evidence, multidisciplinary consensus, and efficient use of available resources. Care pathways in this model are defined in terms of patient characteristics, level of disease severity and the presence or absence of exacerbation. The protocol covers the full range of care from primary prevention to treatment of complex cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Bolíbar
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Plaza
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ester Amado
- Àmbit Barcelona. Catalan Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro A Antón
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Espinosa
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leandra Domínguez
- EAP Encants, CAP Maragall, Catalan Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Fraga
- EAP Xafarinas. Catalan Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Iskra Liguerre
- CAP Sant Andreu, Catalan Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Meritxell Peiro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariantònia Pou
- EAP Encants, CAP Maragall, Catalan Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquin Sanchis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ingrid Solanes
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Valero
- SAP Dreta, Catalan Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pepi Valverde
- EAP Gaudí (CAP Sagrada Familia), Consorci Sanitari Integral, Barcelona, Spain
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Amado E, Madridejos R, Pérez MT, Catalán A. [Analysis of prescriptions in primary care: evaluation of a system of indicators]. Aten Primaria 1997; 20:381-4. [PMID: 9432221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate a system of qualitative indicators which serve as a tool for prioritising the level of intervention in Base Health Districts (BHDs). DESIGN Retrospective, descriptive study. SETTING Primary Care. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Medical prescription dispensed by the doctors from 36 BHDs in the Costa de Ponent (Barcelona) region in 1995 were analysed, with different qualitative indicators used. Three stages of indicators were established. 25% of the BHDs had a %PIV < 75%; 25% of them over 80%; and the rest between 75 and 80%. CONCLUSIONS The three stages of indicators described contribute different and complementary information to the qualitative prioritising of pharmaceutical prescription. Absence of correlation between the third-stage indicators suggests the importance of choosing them according to the desired pharmacological group and in line with a pre-established criterion for selecting medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Amado
- Subdivisión Costa de Ponent-Tarragona-Tortosa
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Pujol T, Coma M, Amado E. [Xerostomia: a simple undesired effect?]. Aten Primaria 1997; 19:142-7. [PMID: 9264629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Pujol
- ABS Les Planes, Cornellá, Barcelona
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Dalet F, Amado E, Cabrera E, Donate T, del Rio G. Pharmacokinetics of the combination of ticarcillin with clavulanic acid in renal insufficiency. J Antimicrob Chemother 1986; 17 Suppl C:57-64. [PMID: 3722047 DOI: 10.1093/jac/17.suppl_c.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of ticarcillin and clavulanic acid were studied by blood and urine assay methods in 25 patients divided into five groups with varying degrees of renal insufficiency i.e. mild, moderate and severe renal insufficiency, almost anuric patients and those requiring haemodialysis (groups A to E). A single dose of 5.2 g Timentin (5.0 g ticarcillin and 200 mg clavulanic acid) was administered intravenously by infusion over 30 min. The average elimination half-life (T1/2) of ticarcillin increased from 0.95 h in patients with creatinine clearance (Clcr) of 80 ml/min to 1.8, 4.4, 6.9 and 11.2 h respectively in mild, moderate and severe renal insufficiency and in almost anuric patients. The T1/2 values for clavulanic acid were 0.75, 0.9, 2.0, 2.5 and 4.8 h in the same groups. The area under concentration-time curve (AUC) for ticarcillin increased from 787 to 2839 mg/l/h and for clavulanic acid from 12.8 to 29 mg/l/h when group mean values from patients with mild and severe renal insufficiency were compared. The plasma clearance (Clpl) of clavulanic acid was in all groups greater than that of ticarcillin i.e. 166 and 100 ml/min vs. 79.2 and 25.0 ml/min when comparing mean values from groups with mild and severe renal insufficiency respectively. The plasma clearance ratio clavulanic acid/ticarcillin increased proportionally to the degree of renal insufficiency from a value of 1.5 in normal subjects to between 3.3 and 3.8 in more advanced cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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