Golebski K, van Tongeren J, van Egmond D, de Groot EJ, Fokkens WJ, van Drunen CM. Specific Induction of TSLP by the Viral RNA Analogue Poly(I:C) in Primary Epithelial Cells Derived from Nasal Polyps.
PLoS One 2016;
11:e0152808. [PMID:
27050744 PMCID:
PMC4822870 DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0152808]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis is an inflammatory disease that, although not directly linked to allergy, often displays a Th2-skewed inflammation characterized by elevated local IgE and IL-5 levels. The nasal cavity is constantly exposed to bacteria and viruses that may trigger epithelial inflammatory responses. To gain more insight into mechanisms by which such a biased inflammation might arise, we have investigated the epithelial expression of the Th2 skewing mediators (TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33) in relationship to disease and microbial triggers.
Methods
Epithelial cells were obtained from polyp tissues of nasal polyposis patients and from inferior turbinates of non-diseased controls. Cells were exposed to various TLR-specific triggers to study the effect on mRNA and protein expression level of TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33 and the potential regulatory mechanisms through the expression profile the transcription factors ATF-3, DUSP-1, EGR-1, and NFKB-1.
Results
The TLR3 agonist and viral analogue poly(I:C) induced TSLP mRNA 13.0 ± 3.1 fold (p < 0.05) and protein expression by 12.1 ± 2.3-fold (p < 0.05) higher in epithelium isolated from nasal polyposis patients than in epithelium form healthy controls. This enhanced induction of TSLP may be a consequence of a down-regulated expression of DUSP-1 in polyp epithelium.
Conclusion
The TLR3 induced expression of TSLP introduces a mechanism by which the Th2-skewed tissue environment might arise in nasal polyps and invites a further evaluation of the potential contribution of current or past viral infections to polyposis pathogenesis.
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