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Manunta A, Peyronnet B, Olivari-Philiponnet C, Chartier-Kastler E, Saussine C, Phé V, Robain G, Denys P, Even A, Samson E, Grise P, Karsenty G, Hascoet J, Castel-Lacanal E, Charvier K, Guinet-Lacoste A, Chesnel C, Amarenco G, Haffner F, Haddad M, Le Normand L, Perrouin-Verbe MA, Perrouin-Verbe B, De Seze M, Ruffion A, Gamé X. [Guidelines on the urological management of the adult patient with spinal dysraphism (spina bifida)]. Prog Urol 2023; 33:178-197. [PMID: 36609138 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Improved life expectancy and prenatal screening have changed the demographics of spina bifida (spinal dysraphism) which has presently become a disease of adulthood. Urinary disorders affect almost all patients with spinal dysraphism and are still the leading cause of mortality in these patients. The aim of this work was to establish recommendations for urological management that take into account the specificities of the spina bifida population. MATERIALS AND METHODS National Diagnosis and Management Guidelines (PNDS) were drafted within the framework of the French Rare Diseases Plan at the initiative of the Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Spina Bifida - Dysraphismes of Rennes University Hospital. It is a collaborative work involving experts from different specialties, mainly urologists and rehabilitation physicians. We conducted a systematic search of the literature in French and English in the various fields covered by these recommendations in the MEDLINE database. In accordance with the methodology recommended by the authorities (Guide_methodologique_pnds.pdf, 2006), proposed recommendations were drafted on the basis of this literature review and then submitted to a review group until a consensus was reached. RESULTS Bladder dysfunctions induced by spinal dysraphism are multiple and varied and evolve over time. Management must be individually adapted and take into account all the patient's problems, and is therefore necessarily multi-disciplinary. Self-catheterisation is the appropriate micturition method for more than half of the patients and must sometimes be combined with treatments aimed at suppressing any neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) or compliance alteration (anticholinergics, intra-detrusor botulinum toxin). Resort to surgery is sometimes necessary either after failure of non-invasive treatments (e.g. bladder augmentation in case of NDO resistant to pharmacological treatment), or as a first line treatment in the absence of other non-invasive alternatives (e.g. aponeurotic suburethral tape or artificial urinary sphincter for sphincter insufficiency; urinary diversion by ileal conduit if self-catheterisation is impossible). CONCLUSION Spinal dysraphism is a complex pathology with multiple neurological, orthopedic, gastrointestinal and urological involvement. The management of bladder and bowel dysfunctions must continue throughout the life of these patients and must be integrated into a multidisciplinary context.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Manunta
- Centre de référence Spina Bifida-Dysraphismes, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - B Peyronnet
- Centre de référence Spina Bifida-Dysraphismes, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France.
| | | | - E Chartier-Kastler
- Service d'Urologie, GH Pitié-Salpétrière, APHP, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, Hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, APHP, Garches, France
| | - C Saussine
- Service d'urologie, les hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - V Phé
- Service d'urologie, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - G Robain
- Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, Hôpital Rotschild, APHP, Paris, France
| | - P Denys
- Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, Hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, APHP, Garches, France; Faculté de médecine Paris Ouest, Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Garches, France
| | - A Even
- Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, Hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, APHP, Garches, France; Faculté de médecine Paris Ouest, Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Garches, France
| | - E Samson
- Centre de référence Spina Bifida-Dysraphismes, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - P Grise
- Service d'urologie, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - G Karsenty
- Aix-Marseille Université, urologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - J Hascoet
- Centre de référence Spina Bifida-Dysraphismes, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - E Castel-Lacanal
- CHU Toulouse, service de médecine physique et de réadaptation et ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - K Charvier
- Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, Hôpital Henry-Gabrielle, Hospices civils de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - A Guinet-Lacoste
- Sorbonne Université, GRC 001, GREEN Groupe de recherche clinique en neuro-urologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, 75020 Paris, France
| | - C Chesnel
- Sorbonne Université, GRC 001, GREEN Groupe de recherche clinique en neuro-urologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, 75020 Paris, France; Service de neuro-urologie et explorations périnéales, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - G Amarenco
- Sorbonne Université, GRC 001, GREEN Groupe de recherche clinique en neuro-urologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, 75020 Paris, France; Service de neuro-urologie et explorations périnéales, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - F Haffner
- ASBH, Association nationale Spina Bifida et Handicaps associés, 94420 Le Plessis Trevise, France
| | - M Haddad
- Service de chirurgie viscérale et urologie pédiatrique, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - L Le Normand
- Service d'urologie, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - B Perrouin-Verbe
- Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - M De Seze
- Spécialiste en médecine physique et de réadaptation, Clinique St.-Augustin, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Ruffion
- Service d'urologie, Hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - X Gamé
- Département d'urologie, transplantation rénale et andrologie, CHU Rangueil, Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Haudebert C, Hascoet J, Bryckaert P.E, Freton L, Richard C, Khene Z.E, Voiry C, Samson E, Mathieu R, Verhoest G, Bensalah K, Manunta A, Peyronnet B. Robot-assisted intracorporeal Monti catheterizable channel. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Haudebert C, Hascoet J, Samson E, Voiry C, Jezequel M, Brochard C, Richard C, Kerdraon J, Siproudhis L, Manunta A, Peyronnet B. Risk factors for upper urinary tract deterioration in adult patients with spina bifida. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00258-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Ged C, Samson E, Riffaud L. Syndrome of the trephined: When bone becomes the cure. Neurochirurgie 2022; 68:544-545. [PMID: 35260279 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Ged
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rennes University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - E Samson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rennes University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - L Riffaud
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rennes University Hospital, 35000 Rennes, France; Inserm MediCIS, Unit U1099 LTSI, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France.
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Samson E, Riffaud L. Giant limited dorsal myeloschisis may be associated with normal functional prognosis. Childs Nerv Syst 2022; 38:1055-1057. [PMID: 35301557 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-022-05499-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Samson
- Department of Paediatric Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - L Riffaud
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France.
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Haudebert C, Richard C, Common H, Hascoet J, Bentellis I, Freton L, Voiry C, Samson E, Manunta A, Brucker B, Peyronnet B. Bandelette aponévrotique pubovaginale pour incontinence urinaire d’effort chez les femmes à risque de complications prothétiques. Prog Urol 2022; 32:500-508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Haudebert C, Hascoet J, Richard C, Freton L, Graffeille V, Common H, Voiry C, Samson E, Manunta A, Brucker B, Peyronnet B. Bandelette aponévrotique pubovaginale pour incontinence urinaire d’effort chez la femme : une technique utile chez des patientes sélectionnées. Prog Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2021.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Haudebert C, Hascoet J, Bryckaert P, Richard C, Freton L, Khene Z, Voiry C, Samson E, Mathieu R, Verhoest G, Bensalah K, Manunta A, Peyronnet B. Cystostomie continente de type Mitrofanoff (appendicovésicostomie) par voie cœlioscopique robot-assistée. Prog Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2021.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Haudebert C, Common H, Richard C, Hascoet J, Freton L, Manunta A, Samson E, Voiry C, Brucker B, Peyronnet B. Bandelette pubovaginale aponévrotique de fascia lata pour l’incontinence urinaire d’effort de patientes obèses. Prog Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2021.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Richard C, Hascoet J, Haudebert C, Rigole H, Freton L, Samson E, Voiry C, Peyronnet B. [Female voiding dysfunction: Clean intermittent catheterization is not the only option]. Prog Urol 2021; 31:924-930. [PMID: 34456140 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Female voiding dysfunction exists but are largely underdiagnosed, especially in France. They can result from two different mechanisms: detrusor underactivity or bladder outlet obstruction, with very different pathophysiology and therapeutic management. There are many different therapeutic options, including surgical treatments, to offer as alternative to clean intermittent catheterization which are often burdensome for patients. Seeking voiding dysfunction in female patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and searching for their etiology to tackle it could lead to a paradigm change in these women: from standardized treatment to individualized treatment. In their practice, nurses can detect warning symptoms suspect of voiding dysfunction, and have thus a role to play in the improvement of patients' screening, education other healthcare providers, and management of female voiding dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Richard
- Service d'urologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
| | - J Hascoet
- Service d'urologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - C Haudebert
- Service d'urologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - H Rigole
- Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - L Freton
- Service d'urologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - E Samson
- Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - C Voiry
- Service de médecine physique et réadaptation, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - B Peyronnet
- Service d'urologie, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
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Peyronnet B, Richard C, Bendavid C, Hascoet J, Brochard C, Jezequel M, Anne C, Clement B, Kerdraon J, Samson E, Voiry C, Bouguen G, Manunta A, Gamé X. Le MMP-2 urinaire est significativement associé à l’échec de la toxine botulique intradétrusorienne chez les patients spina bifida. Prog Urol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.07.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Dosin G, Mazouin C, Manunta A, Hascoet J, Bensalah K, Verhoest G, Freton L, Mathieu R, Graffeille V, Khene Z, Voiry C, Samson E, Haudebert C, Pradere B, Peyronnet B. Cystectomie et dérivation cutanée non continente par conduit iléal robotique intracorporelle pour vessie neurologique. Prog Urol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Dosin G, Hascoet J, Mazouin C, Freton L, Zineddine K, Voiry C, Samson E, Richard C, Haudebert C, Bensalah K, Verhoest G, Mathieu R, Courboin E, Manunta A, Peyronnet B. Réfection chirurgicale robot assistée des anastomoses urétéro-iléale pour sténose urétérale distale après chirurgie de cystectomie bricker chez le patient neurologique. Prog Urol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gaillard F, Samson E, Rauscent H, Bonan I. Investigations of the effects of mirror therapy in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Menear M, Gervais M, Careau E, Chouinard MC, Cloutier G, Delorme A, Dogba MJ, Dugas M, Gagnon MP, Gilbert M, Harvey D, Houle J, Kates N, Knowles S, Martin N, Nease D, Pluye P, Samson E, Zomahoun HTV, Légaré F. Strategies and impacts of patient and family engagement in collaborative mental healthcare: protocol for a systematic and realist review. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e012949. [PMID: 27678546 PMCID: PMC5051434 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Collaborative mental healthcare (CMHC) has garnered worldwide interest as an effective, team-based approach to managing common mental disorders in primary care. However, questions remain about how CMHC works and why it works in some circumstances but not others. In this study, we will review the evidence on one understudied but potentially critical component of CMHC, namely the engagement of patients and families in care. Our aims are to describe the strategies used to engage people with depression or anxiety disorders and their families in CMHC and understand how these strategies work, for whom and in what circumstances. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We are conducting a review with systematic and realist review components. Review part 1 seeks to identify and describe the patient and family engagement strategies featured in CMHC interventions based on systematic searches and descriptive analysis of these interventions. We will use a 2012 Cochrane review of CMHC as a starting point and perform new searches in multiple databases and trial registers to retrieve more recent CMHC intervention studies. In review part 2, we will build and refine programme theories for each of these engagement strategies. Initial theory building will proceed iteratively through content expert consultations, electronic searches for theoretical literature and review team brainstorming sessions. Cluster searches will then retrieve additional data on contexts, mechanisms and outcomes associated with engagement strategies, and pairs of review authors will analyse and synthesise the evidence and adjust initial programme theories. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Our review follows a participatory approach with multiple knowledge users and persons with lived experience of mental illness. These partners will help us develop and tailor project outputs, including publications, policy briefs, training materials and guidance on how to make CMHC more patient-centred and family-centred. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42015025522.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Menear
- CHU de Québec Research Centre, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Emmanuelle Careau
- Department of Rehabilitation, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Guylaine Cloutier
- Association québecoise pour la réadaptation psychosociale, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Delorme
- Quebec Ministry of Health and Social Services, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maman Joyce Dogba
- CHU de Québec Research Centre, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michèle Dugas
- CHU de Québec Research Centre, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Michel Gilbert
- National Centre for Excellence in Mental Health, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Diane Harvey
- Department of Health Sciences, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Janie Houle
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nick Kates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Knowles
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Neasa Martin
- Neasa Martin and Associates, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donald Nease
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Pierre Pluye
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Esther Samson
- Department of Health Sciences, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - France Légaré
- CHU de Québec Research Centre, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
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Fournier L, Laurent O, Samson E, Caër-Lorho S, Laroche P, Le Guen B, Laurier D, Leuraud K. Exposition externe aux rayonnements ionisants et contamination interne : risque de cancer chez les travailleurs du nucléaire. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2015.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Corbière M, Samson E, Negrini A, St-Arnaud L, Durand MJ, Coutu MF, Sauvé G, Lecomte T. Factors perceived by employees regarding their sick leave due to depression. Disabil Rehabil 2015; 38:511-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2015.1046564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Brownscombe JW, Wilson ADM, Samson E, Nowell L, Cooke SJ, Danylchuk AJ. Individual differences in activity and habitat selection of juvenile queen conch evaluated using acceleration biologgers. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2015. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Guseva Canu I, Zhivin S, Garsi JP, Caër-Lorho S, Samson E, Collomb P, Acker A, Laurier D. Effets de la contamination chronique à l’uranium sur la mortalité : bilan d’une étude-pilote chez les travailleurs de l’industrie nucléaire en France. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2014; 62:339-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Guseva Canu I, Zhivin S, Garsi J, Caër-Lorho S, Samson E, Collomb P, Acker A, Laurier D. Étude épidémiologique des travailleurs à risque d’incorporation d’uranium : bilan de l’étude pilote à Pierrelatte. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2013.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Metz-Flamant C, Laurent O, Samson E, Caër-Lorho S, Acker A, Hubert D, Richardson DB, Laurier D. Mortality associated with chronic external radiation exposure in the French combined cohort of nuclear workers. Occup Environ Med 2013; 70:630-8. [PMID: 23716722 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2012-101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The long-term effects of protracted low level ionising radiation exposure are investigated in a combined analysis of French nuclear workers employed by the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), AREVA Nuclear Cycle (AREVA NC) and Electricité de France (EDF). Associations between cumulative external radiation dose and mortality due to solid cancers, leukaemia and circulatory disease were examined. METHODS All workers hired by CEA, AREVA NC and EDF between 1950 and 1994 who were employed for at least 1 year, badge-monitored for radiation exposure and alive on 1 January 1968 were included. Individual data of annual exposure to penetrating photons (X-rays and gamma rays) were reconstructed for each worker. Estimates of radiation dose-mortality associations were obtained using a linear excess relative risk (ERR) Poisson regression model. RESULTS Among the 59 021 nuclear workers, 2312 died of solid cancer, 78 of leukaemia and 1468 of circulatory diseases during the 1968-2004 period. Approximately 72% of the cohort had a non-zero cumulative radiation dose estimate, with a mean cumulative dose of 22.5 mSv. Positive but non-significant ERR/Sv were observed for all solid cancers, leukaemia excluding chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), ischaemic heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases. A significant ERR/Sv was found for myeloid leukaemia. CONCLUSIONS This is the first combined analysis of major French cohorts of nuclear workers. Results were consistent with risks estimated in other nuclear worker cohorts and illustrate the potential of a further joint international study to yield direct risk estimates in support to radiation protection standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Metz-Flamant
- PRP-HOM/SRBE/LEPID, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Protière Y, Samson E, Henocq P. Modeling the long-term durability of concrete barriers in the context of low-activity waste storage. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135601005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Corbière M, Samson E, Villotti P, Pelletier JF. Strategies to fight stigma toward people with mental disorders: perspectives from different stakeholders. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:516358. [PMID: 23093913 PMCID: PMC3475300 DOI: 10.1100/2012/516358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to provide a more complete and exhaustive perspective on the whole range of potential strategies to fight stigma by considering the perspectives of different stakeholders. Delegates to a Canadian conference were invited to participate in a survey that focused on stigma, from which the responses to the following question were analyzed: tell us briefly what you do to reduce prejudice and stigma toward people with a diagnosis of mental disorder? From 253 participants, 15 categories of strategies to fight stigma were identified from the verbatim (e.g., sharing/encouraging disclosure). These categories fell under six main themes: education, contact, protestation, person centered, working on recovery and social inclusion, and reflexive consciousness. The occurrence of these themes was different among stakeholders (clinical, organizational, and experiential knowledge). For example, people with mental disorders (experiential knowledge) often mentioned contact and person centered strategies, while mental health professionals (clinical knowledge) preferred education and working on recovery and social inclusion strategies. The results from this study highlight the need to pay more attention to the concept of disclosure of mental disorders in the process for de-stigmatization. Future studies are needed to assess the impact of the emerging strategies to fight stigma in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Corbière
- School of Rehabilitation, Université de Sherbrooke, and Centre for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation, 150 Place Charles LeMoyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada J4K 0A8.
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Metz-Flamant C, Samson E, Caër-Lorho S, Acker A, Laurier D. Leukemia risk associated with chronic external exposure to ionizing radiation in a French cohort of nuclear workers. Radiat Res 2012; 178:489-98. [PMID: 23050984 DOI: 10.1667/rr2822.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is one of the earliest cancer effects observed after acute exposure to relatively high doses of ionizing radiation. Leukemia mortality after external exposure at low doses and low-dose rates has been investigated at the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) and Nuclear Fuel Company (AREVA NC) after an additional follow-up of 10 years. The cohort included radiation-monitored workers employed for at least one year during 1950-1994 at CEA or AREVA NC and followed during 1968-2004. Association between external exposure and leukemia mortality was estimated with excess relative risk (ERR) models and time-dependent modifying factors were investigated with time windows. The cohort included 36,769 workers, followed for an average of 28 years, among whom 73 leukemia deaths occurred. Among the workers with a positive recorded dose, the mean cumulative external dose was 21.7 mSv. Results under a 2-year lag assumption suggested that the risk of leukemia (except chronic lymphatic leukemia) increased significantly by 8% per 10 mSv. The magnitude of the association for myeloid leukemia was larger. The higher ERR/Sv for doses received 2-14 years earlier suggest that time since exposure modifies the effect. The ERR/Sv also appeared higher for doses received at exposure rates ≥20 mSv per year. These results are consistent with those found in other studies of nuclear workers. However, confidence intervals are still wide. Further analyses should be conducted in pooled cohorts of nuclear workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Metz-Flamant
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), DRPH/SRBE/LEPID, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Samson E, Guseva Canu I, Acker A, Laurier D. Reconstitution des expositions professionnelles des travailleurs français du cycle de l’uranium. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Metz-Flamant C, Samson E, Caër-Lorho S, Acker A, Laurier D. Solid cancer mortality associated with chronic external radiation exposure at the French atomic energy commission and nuclear fuel company. Radiat Res 2011; 176:115-27. [PMID: 21476856 DOI: 10.1667/rr2528.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Studies of nuclear workers make it possible to directly quantify the risks associated with ionizing radiation exposure at low doses and low dose rates. Studies of the CEA (Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique) and AREVA Nuclear Cycle (AREVA NC) cohort, currently the most informative such group in France, describe the long-term risk to nuclear workers associated with external exposure. Our aim is to assess the risk of mortality from solid cancers among CEA and AREVA NC nuclear workers and its association with external radiation exposure. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated and internal Poisson regressions were conducted, controlling for the main confounding factors [sex, attained age, calendar period, company and socioeconomic status (SES)]. During the period 1968-2004, there were 2,035 solid cancers among the 36,769 CEA-AREVA NC workers. Cumulative external radiation exposure was assessed for the period 1950-2004, and the mean cumulative dose was 12.1 mSv. Mortality rates for all causes and all solid cancers were both significantly lower in this cohort than in the general population. A significant excess of deaths from pleural cancer, not associated with cumulative external dose, was observed, probably due to past asbestos exposure. We observed a significant excess of melanoma, also unassociated with dose. Although cumulative external dose was not associated with mortality from all solid cancers, the central estimated excess relative risk (ERR) per Sv of 0.46 for solid cancer mortality was higher than the 0.26 calculated for male Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb survivors 50 years or older and exposed at the age of 30 years or older. The modification of our results after stratification for SES demonstrates the importance of this characteristic in occupational studies, because it makes it possible to take class-based lifestyle differences into account, at least partly. These results show the great potential of a further joint international study of nuclear workers, which should improve knowledge about the risks associated with chronic low doses and provide useful risk estimates for radiation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Metz-Flamant
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), DRPH,SRBE,LEPID, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Guseva Canu I, Laurier D, Caër-Lorho S, Samson E, Timarche M, Auriol B, Bérard P, Collomb P, Quesne B, Blanchardon E. Characterisation of protracted low-level exposure to uranium in the workplace: A comparison of two approaches. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2010; 213:270-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Niedhammer I, David S, Degioanni S, Drummond A, Philip P, Acquarone D, Aicardi F, André-Mazeaud P, Arsento M, Astier R, Baille H, Bajon-Thery F, Barre E, Basire C, Battu JL, Baudry S, Beatini C, Beaud'huin N, Becker C, Bellezza D, Beque C, Bernstein O, Beyssier C, Blanc-Cascio F, Blanchet N, Blondel C, Boisselot R, Bordes-Dupuy G, Borrelly N, Bouhnik D, Boulanger MF, Boulard J, Borreau P, Bourret D, Boustière AM, Breton C, Bugeon G, Buono-Michel M, Canonne JF, Capella D, Cavin-Rey M, Cervoni C, Charreton D, Charrier D, Chauvin MA, Chazal B, Cougnot C, Cuvelier G, Dalivoust G, Daumas R, Debaille A, De Bretteville L, Delaforge G, Delchambre A, Domeny L, Donati Y, Ducord-Chapelet J, Duran C, Durand-Bruguerolle D, Fabre D, Faivre A, Falleri R, Ferrando G, Ferrari-Galano J, Flutet M, Fouché JP, Fournier F, Freyder E, Galy M, Garcia A, Gazazian G, Gérard C, Girard F, Giuge M, Goyer C, Gravier C, Guyomard A, Hacquin MC, Halimi E, Ibagnes T, Icart P, Jacquin MC, Jaubert B, Joret JP, Julien JP, Kacel M, Kesmedjian E, Lacroix P, Lafon-Borelli M, Lallai S, Laudicina J, Leclercq X, Ledieu S, Leroy J, Leroyer L, Loesche F, Londi D, Longueville JM, Lotte MC, Louvain S, Lozé M, Maculet-Simon M, Magallon G, Marcelot V, Mareel MC, Martin P, Masse AM, Méric M, Milliet C, Mokhtari R, Monville AM, Muller B, Obadia G, Pelser M, Peres L, Perez E, Peyron M, Peyronnin F, Postel S, Presseq P, Pyronnet E, Quinsat C, Raulot-Lapointe H, Rigaud P, Robert F, Robert O, Roger K, Roussel A, Roux JP, Rubini-Remigy D, Sabate N, Saccomano-Pertus C, Salengro B, Salengro-Trouillez P, Samson E, Sendra-Gille L, Seyrig C, Stoll G, Tarpinian N, Tavernier M, Tempesta S, Terracol H, Torresani F, Triglia MF, Vandomme V, Vieillard F, Vilmot K, Vital N. Workplace bullying and sleep disturbances: findings from a large scale cross-sectional survey in the French working population. Sleep 2009; 32:1211-9. [PMID: 19750926 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/32.9.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between workplace bullying, the characteristics of workplace bullying, and sleep disturbances in a large sample of employees of the French working population. DESIGN Workplace bullying, evaluated using the validated instrument developed by Leymann, and sleep disturbances, as well as covariates, were measured using a self-administered questionnaire. Covariates included age, marital status, presence of children, education, occupation, working hours, night work, physical and chemical exposures at work, self-reported health, and depressive symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis and was carried out separately for men and women. SETTING General working population. PARTICIPANTS The study population consisted of a random sample of 3132 men and 4562 women of the working population in the southeast of France. RESULTS Workplace bullying was strongly associated with sleep disturbances. Past exposure to bullying also increased the risk for this outcome. The more frequent the exposure to bullying, the higher the risk of experiencing sleep disturbances. Observing someone else being bullied in the workplace was also associated with the outcome. Adjustment for covariates did not modify the results. Additional adjustment for self-reported health and depressive symptoms diminished the magnitude of the associations that remained significant. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of workplace bullying (around 10%) was found to be high in this study as well was the impact of this major job-related stressor on sleep disturbances. Although no conclusion about causality could be drawn from this cross-sectional study, the findings suggest that the contribution of workplace bullying to the burden of sleep disturbances may be substantial.
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Metz-Flamant C, Rogel A, Caër S, Samson E, Laurier D, Acker A, Tirmarche M. Mortality among workers monitored for radiation exposure at the French nuclear fuel company. Arch Environ Occup Health 2009; 64:242-250. [PMID: 20007120 DOI: 10.1080/19338240903348246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A cohort of 9,285 nuclear workers employed at the French company AREVA NC specializing in the nuclear fuel cycle was established. Vital status, causes of death, employment characteristics and annual exposure to ionizing radiation were reconstructed for each individual over the time period 1977-2004. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were computed using national mortality rates as an external reference. Tests for trends in mortality with duration of employment and cumulative external dose were performed. The all-cause and all-cancer mortality was significantly lower than expected from the French population. No significant excess among cancer sites studied was observed. Significant positive trends with cumulative dose were observed for colon and liver cancer and for respiratory diseases. Isolated significant trends should be carefully interpreted and considered in line with the large number of trend tests performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Metz-Flamant
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), DRPH/SRBE/LEPID, Fontenay-aux-roses, France.
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Samson F, Njoya M, Samson E, Balençon M, Bernard A, Martrille L, Treguier C, Roussey M. SFP-55 – Imagerie et explorations – Maltraitance physique de l’enfant : place de la scintigraphie osseuse. Arch Pediatr 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(08)72122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Laurier D, Jacob S, Bernier MO, Leuraud K, Metz C, Samson E, Laloi P. Epidemiological studies of leukaemia in children and young adults around nuclear facilities: a critical review. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 132:182-90. [PMID: 18922823 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncn262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The existence of an increased risk of childhood leukaemia near nuclear installations is a recurrent issue. A review of the related epidemiological literature is presented here. Results for 198 nuclear sites throughout 10 countries were included in the review. In addition to local studies, 25 multi-site studies have been published for eight countries. A large variability was noticed in the quality of the data as well as in the definition of the study population and in the methods of analysis. Many studies present important limits that make the results difficult to interpret. The review confirms that some clusters of childhood leukaemia cases exist locally. However, results based on multi-site studies around nuclear installations do not indicate an increased risk globally. Many studies were launched to investigate possible origins of the observed clusters around specific sites, but up to now, none of the proposed hypotheses have explained them.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Laurier
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, IRSN, DRPH/SRBE, BP17, F-92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
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Telle-Lamberton M, Samson E, Caër S, Bergot D, Bard D, Bermann F, Gélas JM, Giraud JM, Hubert P, Metz-Flamant C, Néron MO, Quesne B, Tirmarche M, Hill C. External radiation exposure and mortality in a cohort of French nuclear workers. Occup Environ Med 2007; 64:694-700. [PMID: 17522135 PMCID: PMC2078398 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2007.032631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the effect of external radiation exposure on the mortality of French nuclear workers. METHODS A cohort of 29 204 workers employed between 1950 and 1994 at the French Atomic Energy Commission (Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA)) or at the General Company of Nuclear Fuel (COmpagnie GEnérale des MAtières nucléaires (Cogema, now Areva NC)) was followed up for an average of 17.8 years. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) were computed with reference to French mortality rates. Dose-effect relationship were analysed through trend tests and Poisson regression, with linear and log-linear models. RESULTS The mean exposure to X and gamma radiation was 8.3 mSv (16.9 mSv for exposed worker population). A total of 1842 deaths occurred between 1968 and 1994. A healthy worker effect was observed, the number of deaths in the cohort being 59% of the number expected from national mortality statistics. Among the 21 main cancer sites studied, a statistically significant excess was observed only for skin melanoma, and an excess of borderline statistical significance was observed for multiple myeloma. A dose-effect relationship was observed for leukaemia after exclusion of chronic lymphoid leukaemia (CLL). The relative risk observed for non-CLL leukaemia, n = 20, was 4.1 per 100 mSv (90% CI 1.4 to 12.2), linear model and 2.2 per 100 mSv (90% CI 1.2 to 3.3), log-linear model. Significant dose-effect relationship were also observed for causes of deaths associated with alcohol consumption: mouth and pharynx cancer, cirrhosis and alcoholic psychosis and external causes of death. CONCLUSION The risk of leukaemia increases with increasing exposure to external radiation; this is consistent with published results on other nuclear workers cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Telle-Lamberton
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Direction de la radioprotection de l'Homme BP17 F92262 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
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Canu I, Rogel A, Samson E, Valenty M, Benhamou S, Laplanche A, Tirmarche M. Risque de mortalité par cancer dans deux cohortes de personnel de recherche en biologie en France. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1775-8785(07)88880-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Telle-Lamberton M, Samson E, Caër S, Bergot D, Bard D, Bermann F, Gelas J, Giraud J, Hill C, Hubert P, Neron M, Quesne B, Tirmarche M. B1-6 Exposition aux rayonnements ionisants et mortalité par cancer chez les travailleurs du CEA et de la COGEMA. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0398-7620(04)99131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Telle-Lamberton M, Bergot D, Gagneau M, Samson E, Giraud JM, Néron MO, Hubert P. Cancer mortality among French Atomic Energy Commission workers. Am J Ind Med 2004; 45:34-44. [PMID: 14691967 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.10306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND All causes and cancer mortality of 58,320 workers employed at the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA) between 1946 and 1994 were compared with that of the general population in a retrospective cohort study. METHODS Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) were computed with reference to the French national population. RESULTS Between 1968 and 1994, 4,809 deaths occurred. A healthy worker effect is observed for men (SMR = 0.57, CI(90%) = [0.56;0.59]) and for women (SMR = 0.72, CI(90%) = [0.67;0.77]). Nine sites of cancer death were found to be in statistically significant deficit among men, none among women. An excess of pleural cancers is observed among men (SMR = 1.79, CI(90%) = [1.27;2.45]) and of malignant melanoma (SMR = 1.50, CI(90%) = [1.04;2.11]). An excess of breast cancer is observed among women on the borderline of significance (SMR = 1.14, CI(90%) = [0.94;1.37]). CONCLUSIONS Excesses observed will have to be related to occupational exposures in the on-going cohort study on French nuclear workers which includes a retrospective exposures assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Telle-Lamberton
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire/DPHD/SEGR/BP17/, F92265 Fontenay-aux-roses, France.
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Abstract
We have previously observed that a polyoma-mouse chimeric DNA molecule (RmI) in which the murine DNA insert is flanked by directly repeated viral sequences is effectively converted into unit-length polyoma DNA upon transfection of permissive mouse cells. This intramolecular recombination event appears to be dependent on VmP1, a protein encoded by RmI which includes the 328 N-terminal amino acids of polyoma VP1, and nine amino acids of murine origin carrying the C-terminus of the protein. We report here that introducing mutations into the VP2/VP3 coding sequence reduces the ability of RmI to generate polyoma DNA, even though the same mutations seem to exert little or no effect on the ability of polyoma DNA to either replicate or accumulate inside transfected cells. A mutation affecting VP2 alone being as effective as one that affects both VP2 and VP3, VP2 appears to be playing a critical role in recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Charbonneau
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Medical School, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4, Canada
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Hahn H, Wojnowski L, Specht K, Kappler R, Calzada-Wack J, Potter D, Zimmer A, Müller U, Samson E, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Zimmer A. Patched target Igf2 is indispensable for the formation of medulloblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:28341-4. [PMID: 10884376 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c000352200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children (Dagher, R., and Helman, L. (1999) Oncologist 4, 34-44), whereas medulloblastoma, a highly malignant tumor of the cerebellum, accounts for 20% of childhood brain tumors (Goodrich, L. V., and Scott, M. P. (1998) Neuron 21, 1243-1257). Both tumors are associated with a deficiency in the tumor suppressor Patched (PTCH) in Gorlin syndrome (Gorlin, R. J. (1987) Medicine (Baltimore) 66, 98-113), and they are present in the corresponding murine models. RMS in Ptch mutant mice consistently contain elevated levels of the tumor growth-promoting insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2). We have investigated the mechanism of Igf2 overexpression and its significance in medulloblastoma and RMS tumorigenesis. Here we report that Igf2 is indispensable for the formation of medulloblastoma and RMS in Ptch mutants. Overexpression of Igf2 in RMS in these mice does not involve loss of imprinting, uniparental disomy, amplification of the Igf2 locus, or polyploidy. Since Igf2 is also overexpressed in non-tumor tissue deficient in Ptch, these observations suggest that Ptch regulates Igf2 levels through a transcriptional mechanism. They also identify Igf2 as a potential target for medulloblastoma and RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hahn
- Institute of Pathology, TUM Technical University of Munich/GSF Research Center of Environment and Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85758 Neuherberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
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Abstract
The main features of a numerical model aiming at predicting the drift of ions in an electrolytic solution upon a chemical potential gradient are presented. The mechanisms of ionic diffusion are described by solving the extended Nernst-Planck system of equations. The electrical coupling between the various ionic fluxes is accounted for by the Poisson equation. Furthermore, chemical activity effects are considered in the model. The whole system of nonlinear equations is solved using the finite-element method. Results yielded by the model for simple test cases are compared to those obtained using an analytical solution. Applications of the model to more complex problems are also presented and discussed. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Samson
- Department of Civil Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, G1K 7P4, Canada
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Kimberley MD, Chapdelaine A, Viau L, Samson E. Prevention of firearm-related injuries in Canada. CMAJ 1991; 145:1211-3. [PMID: 1933703 PMCID: PMC1335934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Chapdelaine A, Samson E, Kimberley MD, Viau L. Firearm-related injuries in Canada: issues for prevention. CMAJ 1991; 145:1217-23. [PMID: 1933704 PMCID: PMC1335935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed the available data on firearm-related injuries in Canada to suggest strategies for prevention in the context of the proposed amendments to the Criminal Code (Bill C-17) currently before Parliament. The risk of death from a firearm in Canada is equivalent to the risk of death from a motor vehicle crash. We discuss the risks associated with firearms with regard to suicides, homicides and "accidents." We also discuss the accessibility of firearms. This article builds upon a recently published update on the epidemiologic basis of the public health approach for the prevention of firearm-related injuries and deaths. The key to the etiologic approach to preventing such injuries and deaths is to view the incidents, regardless of their medicolegal circumstances, as having one factor in common: the discharge of a firearm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chapdelaine
- Département de Santé communautaire, Hôpital de l'Enfant Jésus, Quebec, PQ
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Abstract
A new case of Capgras' syndrome is presented with a short review on the subject. Since there are many controversies about the etiology of this syndrome, and since some authors explain it with organic factors, others with psychodynamic factors, or a combination of the two, one should be careful with this syndrome to eliminate the presence of organic factors with a meticulous physical examination and appropriate neuropsychological tests. A thorough examination of early interpersonal relations is necessary to verify psychodynamic hypothesis, the most plausible being the splitting of internalized object representations.
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Robert J, Lamelin JP, Samson E, Carron R. [Circulating immune complexes in recurrent respiratory diseases in children]. Presse Med 1983; 12:48. [PMID: 6220280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Samson E. More statistics, less gold. Br Dent J 1981; 151:234. [PMID: 6946827 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4804670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Ehrhardt HE, Kuhlendahl H, Schreiber HL, Samson E. [Right of the patient to inspection of his own file and the physician's obligation to keep records]. Nervenarzt 1980; 51:498. [PMID: 7442890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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