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Bataba E, Babcock K, Isensee KA, Eldhose B, Kohaar I, Chesnut GT, Dobi A. Germline Mutations and Ancestry in Prostate Cancer. Curr Oncol Rep 2024; 26:175-180. [PMID: 38265515 PMCID: PMC10891190 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01493-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed non-cutaneous malignancy of men in the USA; notably, the incidence is higher among men of African, followed by European and Asian ancestry. Germline mutations and, in particular, mutations in DNA damage repair genes (DDRGs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. This review intends to discuss the implication of ancestry on prostate cancer, specifically in regard to lack of diversity in genomic and genetic databases and the ability of providers to properly counsel patients on the significance of cancer genetic results. RECENT FINDINGS Ancestral differences in prostate cancer-associated DDRG germline mutations are increasingly recognized. Guidelines for treatment by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN®) support germline testing in certain patients, and a myriad of genetic testing panels for DDRG mutations are now available in clinical practice. However, the consensus among providers on what genes and mutations to include in the genetic tests has evolved from experience from men of European ancestry (EA). Gaps in ancestry-informed clinical practice exist in genetic risk assessment, implementation of screening, counseling, guiding recommendations, treatment, and clinical trial enrollment. The lack of diversity in tumor genomic and genetic databases may hinder ancestry-specific disease-predisposing alterations from being discovered and targeted in prostate cancer and, therefore, impede the ability of providers to accurately counsel patients on the significance of cancer genetic test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eudoxie Bataba
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Kevin Babcock
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Kathryn A Isensee
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Binil Eldhose
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 6720A Rockledge Drive Suite 300, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
- Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Indu Kohaar
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 6720A Rockledge Drive Suite 300, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
- Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
- Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Gregory T Chesnut
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 6720A Rockledge Drive Suite 300, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Albert Dobi
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 6720A Rockledge Drive Suite 300, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
- Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
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Moghalu O, Bataba E, Grant KR, Onuoha N, Osardu R, Wyatt N, Wilson S. Supporting Black Voices in Urology: A Student Perspective. Urology 2021; 162:38-41. [PMID: 34303760 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
not applicable for narrative piece.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odinachi Moghalu
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, UT.
| | | | - Kelsea R Grant
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL.
| | | | | | - Nina Wyatt
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
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Kondengaden SM, Luo LF, Huang K, Zhu M, Zang L, Bataba E, Wang R, Luo C, Wang B, Li KK, Wang PG. Discovery of novel small molecule inhibitors of lysine methyltransferase G9a and their mechanism in leukemia cell lines. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:382-393. [PMID: 27393948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lysine methyltransferase G9a regulates the transcription of multiple genes by primarily catalyzing mono- and di-methylation of histone H3 lysine 9, as well as several non-histone lysine sites. An attractive therapeutic target in treating leukemia, knockout studies of G9a in mice have found dramatically slowed proliferation and self-renewal of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells due to the attenuation of HoxA9-dependent transcription. In this study, a series of compounds were identified as potential inhibitors through structure-based virtual screening. Among these compounds, a new G9a inhibitor, DCG066, was confirmed by in vitro biochemical, and cell based enzyme assays. DCG066 has a novel molecular scaffold unlike other G9a inhibitors presently available. Similar to G9a's histone substrate, DCG066 can bind directly to G9a and inhibit methyltransferase activity in vitro. In addition to suppressing G9a methyltransferase activity and reducing histone H3 methylation levels, DCG066 displays low cytotoxicity in leukemia cell lines with high levels of G9a expression, including K562. This work presents DCG066 as an inhibitor of G9a with a novel structure, providing both a lead in G9a inhibitor design and a means for probing the functionality of G9a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukkoor M Kondengaden
- Chemistry Department and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Liu-Fei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kenneth Huang
- Chemistry Department and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- Chemistry Department and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Lanlan Zang
- Chemistry Department and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Eudoxie Bataba
- Chemistry Department and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Runling Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Binghe Wang
- Chemistry Department and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Keqin Kathy Li
- Chemistry Department and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peng George Wang
- Chemistry Department and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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