Ultrastructural features on the oral cavity floor (tongue, sublingual caruncle) of the Egyptian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): gross, histology and scanning electron microscope

The present work was focused on the morphological characters of the lingual caruncles, and tongue with its papillae of Egyptian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) using the gross, light, and scanning electron microscope. The ventral surface of the sublingual caruncle carried a small opening of the duct of both monostoamtic and mandibular salivary gland. The lingual mucosa of dorsal, lateral border, some extent to ventral surface of apex had lingual papillae (filiform, fungiform), while the lingual mucosa of body especially at torus linguae had conical papillae, but circumvallate papillae observed at the caudal part of body and root. The dorsal surface of apex and body carried numerous long thread-like with blunt apex caudally directed filiform papillae that covered with keratinized scales without secondary papillae. The degree of keratinization classified filiform papillae into rostral part of high keratinization and caudal less keratinization. Conical papillary surface carried exfoliated epithelium with longitudinal groove on its rostral surface and had CT core does not reach the level surface of epithelium and carried secondary papillae. Fungiform papillae scattered among filiform papillae on the dorsal and ventral surface of apex and its convex surface had exfoliated keratinized epithelium. Circumvallate papillae surrounded by circular deep groove that bordered by vallum that carried small secondary papillae that ended into the primary groove. Taste buds of circumvallate papillae opened in the lateral lining epithelium facing the groove. Von Ebner's glands were observed in CT under papillae especially toward the groove and their ducts open into the base of the groove.

Morphology of the lips, cheeks, and the hard palate of the Egyptian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): a focus on histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural aspects

BACKGROUND

The available data is scanty about Egyptian water buffalo lips, cheeks, and palate.

AIMS

The current investigation was focused on describing the morphology of the lip, cheek, and palate.

METHODS

Our study included the gross, light, and electron microscopic examinations of ten heads of the Egyptian water buffalos.

RESULTS

The nasolabial plate surface carried numerous scales of keratinized epithelium. Internal labial surface and labial mucocutaneous junctions were covered with stratified squamous keratinized epithelium. Two types of hair follicles in the dermis included ordinary and cavernous types characterized by cavernous space. The conical papillae on the internal aspect of the oral commissure were projected from the mucous membrane. Seromucous glands were occasionally observed under the oral mucous membrane of the commissure and gave positive PAS and AB. Conical papillae density on the inner cheek surface had some variations: the rostral part had large papillae, while the dorsal part had numerous papillae than the ventral part, the caudal part had a smaller number of papillae, while the middle part was devoid of papillae. Parotid duct opening in the buccal vestibule was without papillae. Conical papillae had two surfaces; the rostral surface was highly keratinized than the caudal one. The buccal gland was a compound tubuloacinar mixed (mucoserous) gland and mucus acini only reacted to PAS and AB. The oral surface of palatine rugae was covered with highly keratinized epithelium than the aboral surface. Palatine glands showed PAS and AB positive.

CONCLUSION

The result describes the relationship between the available food particles, environmental conditions and the lip, cheek, and palate appearance, and structure.