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Bartoli-Leonard F, Rogers M, Zheng K, Small A, Asano T, Kuraoka S, Blaser M, Natarajan P, Yeang C, Tsimikas S, O'donnell C, Aikawa M, Singh S, Stroes E, Aikawa E. Inhibition of novel lipoprotein(a) receptor major facilitator superfamily domain containing 5 (MFSD5) reduces development of aortic valve calcification. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): Private grant from Kowa Pharmaceuticals to Brigham and Woman's Hospital
Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is the most prevent valvular heart disease in the western world increasing exponentially with age, with an 112% increase in CAVS deaths in the last three decades; however no therapeutic treatment is currently available. Recently, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has been demonstrated to be an independent and causal risk factor for CAVS, yet the understanding of its cellular uptake and catabolism is limited thus underscoring the need for further investigation.
This study aimed to determine a target receptor, unique for Lp(a) on the surface of valvular interstitial cells (VICs) and ascertain the role of the receptor on the development of VIC calcification.
Unbiased ligand-receptor capture mass spectrometry (TriCEPS) was used to identify target receptor, with western blotting, ELISA, qPCR, alizarin red calcium staining and immunofluorescence used to validate the targets in vitro via siRNA inhibition and overexpression. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to determine uptake of Lp(a) within excised human valves. Identification of small molecule inhibitors was assessed computationally via the L1000 dataset, with the top hit candidate validated in vitro. Genotype-phenotype studies were examined using the United Kingdom Biobank (UKBB) and the Millions Veterans Program. Linear regression was used to evaluate association between aortic stenosis and plasma Lp(a) levels, and a phenotype-wide association analysis was then performed against this generated ‘genotype’.
Ligand-receptor capture mass spectrometry was used to detect novel membrane proteins with specific binding to Lp(a); MFSD5, MRC2, LDLR were identified as possible candidates. MFSD5 RNAscope demonstrated its presence in human aortic valves. Lp(a) uptake in VICs was confirmed via western blot and TEM. MFSD5 siRNA significantly reduced dil-labelled Lp(a) uptake in human VICs (p=0.003) and HEPG2 cells (p=0.0003), conversely MFSD5 overexpression increased uptake (p=0.0345, p=0.0318), whilst specificity of MFSD5 to Lp(a) alone was shown via no change in LDL uptake following MFSD5 inhibition (p=0.616, p=0.991). MFSD5 inhibition reduced RUNX2 (p=0.0124) and Osteocalcin (p<0.001) RNA expression and reduced alizarin red staining following culture in Lp(a) osteogenic media for 21 days (p<0.0033). Druggability of MFSD5 was confirmed by the L1000 database, which identified aminopurvalanol as a binding partner for MFSD5 and significantly reduced Lp(a) uptake within VICs (p=0.0091). MFSD5-loss of function within the UKBB showed no significant cardiovascular association, however 50kb +/- of the MFSD5 gene showed nominal association with hyperlipidaemia and atrial fibrillation.
The current study demonstrates the novel Lp(a) receptor MFSD5 may be responsible for uptake of Lp(a) within VICs, resulting in the development of aortic valve calcification, highlighting the need for further exploration into the role of MFSD5 in aortic valve disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bartoli-Leonard
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - M Rogers
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - K Zheng
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - A Small
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - T Asano
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - S Kuraoka
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - M Blaser
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - P Natarajan
- Boston VA Healthcare System , Boston , United States of America
| | - C Yeang
- University of California, San Diego , San Diego , United States of America
| | - S Tsimikas
- University of California, San Diego , San Diego , United States of America
| | - C O'donnell
- Boston VA Healthcare System , Boston , United States of America
| | - M Aikawa
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - S Singh
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | - E Stroes
- Amsterdam UMC - Location Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , Netherlands (The)
| | - E Aikawa
- Brigham And Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
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Bartoli-Leonard F, Wilkinson FL, Schiro A, Inglott FS, Alexander MY, Weston R. Suppression of SIRT1 in Diabetic Conditions Induces Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via RUNX2 Signalling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:878. [PMID: 30696833 PMCID: PMC6351547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is associated with significant morbidity and mortality within diabetes, involving activation of osteogenic regulators and transcription factors. Recent evidence demonstrates the beneficial role of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+ dependant deacetylase, in improved insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, linking hyperglycaemia and SIRT1 downregulation. This study aimed to determine the role of SIRT1 in vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) calcification within the diabetic environment. An 80% reduction in SIRT1 levels was observed in patients with diabetes, both in serum and the arterial smooth muscle layer, whilst both RUNX2 and Osteocalcin levels were elevated. Human vSMCs exposed to hyperglycaemic conditions in vitro demonstrated enhanced calcification, which was positively associated with the induction of cellular senescence, verified by senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and cell cycle markers p16 and p21. Activation of SIRT1 by SRT1720 reduced Alizarin red staining by a third, via inhibition of the RUNX2 pathway and prevention of senescence. Conversely, inhibition of SIRT1 via Sirtinol and siRNA increased RUNX2 by over 50%. These findings demonstrate the key role that SIRT1 plays in preventing calcification in a diabetic environment, through the inhibition of RUNX2 and senescence pathways, suggesting a downregulation of SIRT1 may be responsible for perpetuating vascular calcification in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bartoli-Leonard
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - F L Wilkinson
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - A Schiro
- Vascular Unit, Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - F Serracino Inglott
- Vascular Unit, Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - M Y Alexander
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - R Weston
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
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Bartoli-Leonard F, Alexander Y, Weston R. P354Novel small molecule SIRT1 activators attenuate vacsular calcification in an in vitro diabetic model. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy060.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Y Alexander
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Weston
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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