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Messina NL, Wang M, Forbes EK, Freyne B, Hasang WP, Germano S, Bonnici R, Summons F, Gardiner K, Donath S, Gordon R, Rogerson SJ, Curtis N. The influence of neonatal BCG vaccination on in vitro cytokine responses to Plasmodium falciparum. BMC Immunol 2024; 25:24. [PMID: 38689233 PMCID: PMC11059926 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-024-00611-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has off-target protective effects against infections unrelated to tuberculosis. Among these, murine and human studies suggest that BCG vaccination may protect against malaria. We investigated whether BCG vaccination influences neonatal in vitro cytokine responses to Plasmodium falciparum. Blood samples were collected from 108 participants in the Melbourne Infant Study BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction (MIS BAIR) randomised controlled trial (Clinical trials registration NCT01906853, registered July 2013), seven days after randomisation to neonatal BCG (n = 66) or no BCG vaccination (BCG-naïve, n = 42). In vitro cytokine responses were measured following stimulation with P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes (PfIE) or E. coli. RESULTS No difference in the measured cytokines were observed between BCG-vaccinated and BCG-naïve neonates following stimulation with PfIE or E. coli. However, age at which blood was sampled was independently associated with altered cytokine responses to PfIE. Being male was also independently associated with increased TNF-a responses to both PfIE and E. coli. CONCLUSION These findings do not support a role for BCG vaccination in influencing in vitro neonatal cytokine responses to P. falciparum. Older neonates are more likely to develop P. falciparum-induced IFN-γ and IFN-γ-inducible chemokine responses implicated in early protection against malaria and malaria pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Messina
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - M Wang
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - E K Forbes
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
| | - B Freyne
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - W P Hasang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Germano
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - R Bonnici
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - F Summons
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - K Gardiner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - S Donath
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - R Gordon
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - S J Rogerson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N Curtis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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