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Pimenta AM, Lahortiga-Ramos F, Sayon-Orea C, Martínez-González MA, Sánchez-Villegas A. Depression and metabolic syndrome in participants of the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" (SUN) cohort study. J Affect Disord 2021; 284:183-189. [PMID: 33607508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a major public health concern worldwide and its association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear. Thus, we prospectively examined the association between depression and the risk of MetS, according to different diagnosis criteria. METHODS This study included 9,237 participants of a Spanish dynamic prospective cohort of adult university graduates [mean (SD) age: 36.7 year (10.7)], initially free of any specific criterion of MetS, who were followed-up for a median of 8.3 years. The exposure variables were medical diagnosis of depression at baseline or in the first 2-year follow-up questionnaire. The outcome variable was the incidence of MetS, assessed according to each of three different criteria proposed by: International Diabetes Federation (IDF); National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III); IDF/NCEP-ATP III (updated harmonizing definition). Multivariable-adjusted Relative Risks (RR) of new-onset MetS and their 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) were estimated, using Poisson regression models. RESULTS The cumulative incidences of MetS were 475 cases (IDF definition), 288 cases (NCEP-ATP III definition) and 492 cases (update harmonized definition). No association was observed between baseline depression and incidence of MetS, but the presence of depression after 2-years of follow-up was significantly associated with a higher risk of new-onset MetS, according to NCEP-ATP III definition (multivariable-adjusted RR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.06-5.67). LIMITATIONS Diagnosis of depression and MetS were self-reported. CONCLUSIONS In this large prospective cohort of Spanish middle-aged adult university graduates, a direct association between depression and the risk of MetS according to NCEP-ATP III definition was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Pimenta
- Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - F Lahortiga-Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - C Sayon-Orea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M A Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Ciber de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, USA
| | - A Sánchez-Villegas
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Ciber de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Sánchez-Villegas A, Cabrera-Suárez B, Molero P, González-Pinto A, Chiclana-Actis C, Cabrera C, Lahortiga-Ramos F, Florido-Rodríguez M, Vega-Pérez P, Vega-Pérez R, Pla J, Calviño-Cabada MJ, Ortuño F, Navarro S, Almeida Y, Hernández-Fleta JL. Preventing the recurrence of depression with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil. The PREDI-DEP trial: study protocol. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:63. [PMID: 30744589 PMCID: PMC6371613 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of dietary patterns in the prevention of unipolar depression has been analyzed in several epidemiological studies. The primary aims of this study are to determine the effectiveness of an extra-olive oil-enriched Mediterranean diet in reducing the recurrence of depression and improving the symptoms of this condition. METHODS Multicenter, two-arm, parallel-group clinical trial. Arm 1, extra-virgin olive oil Mediterranean diet; Arm 2, control group without nutritional intervention. Dieticians are in charge of the nutritional intervention and regular contact with the participants. Contacts are made through our web platform ( https://predidep.es/participantes/ ) or by phone. Recurrence of depression is assessed by psychiatrists and clinical psychologists through clinical evaluations (semi-structured clinical interviews: Spanish SCID-I). Depressive symptoms are assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory. Information on quality of life, level of physical activity, dietary habits, and blood, urine and stool samples are collected after the subject has agreed to participate in the study and once a year. DISCUSSION To the best of our knowledge, the PREDI-DEP trial is the first ongoing randomized clinical trial designed to assess the role of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of recurrent depression. It could be a cost-effective approach to avoid recurrence and improve the quality of life of these patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study has been prospectively registered in the U.S. National Library of Medicine ( https://clinicaltrials.gov ) with NCT number: NCT03081065.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Sánchez-Villegas
- 0000 0004 1769 9380grid.4521.2Nutrition Research Group, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe Físico s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain ,0000 0000 9314 1427grid.413448.eBiomedical Research Center Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn) Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - B. Cabrera-Suárez
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital General de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - P. Molero
- 0000 0001 2191 685Xgrid.411730.0Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain ,IDISNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - A. González-Pinto
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital Universitario de Alava, Vitoria, Spain ,0000 0000 9314 1427grid.413448.eBiomedical Research Center Network on Mental Health (CIBERsam), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - C. Cabrera
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital General de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - F. Lahortiga-Ramos
- 0000 0001 2191 685Xgrid.411730.0Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain ,IDISNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - M. Florido-Rodríguez
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital General de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - P. Vega-Pérez
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital Universitario de Alava, Vitoria, Spain
| | - R. Vega-Pérez
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital General de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - J. Pla
- 0000 0001 2191 685Xgrid.411730.0Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain ,IDISNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - M. J. Calviño-Cabada
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital General de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - F. Ortuño
- 0000 0001 2191 685Xgrid.411730.0Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain ,IDISNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - S. Navarro
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital General de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Y. Almeida
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital General de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - J. L. Hernández-Fleta
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital General de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Unzueta CR, Lahortiga-Ramos F, Santiago S, Zazpe I, Molero P, Sánchez-Villegas A, Martínez-González MA. Self-perceived level of competitiveness, tension, and dependency and lifestyles in the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' cohort study. Public Health 2018; 157:32-42. [PMID: 29477787 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to assess the differences in lifestyles according to levels of self-perceived competitiveness, psychological tension, and dependency in a Mediterranean cohort of university graduates. STUDY DESIGN Levels of personality traits, food consumption, nutrient intake, eating attitudes, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, and alcohol and tobacco consumption were assessed through a questionnaire administered at baseline. This was a cross-sectional study in the context of the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra cohort. Participants are 15,346 Spanish adults. RESULTS Participants with a high level of self-perceived competitiveness consumed more vegetables and fish but less refined grains; they had higher protein intake and healthier eating attitudes. They were more physically active and less likely to be smokers. Participants with a high level of tension or dependency were less physically active, and participants more dependent also had poorer adherence to the Mediterranean diet. CONCLUSIONS Self-perceived personality traits, especially the trait of competitiveness, are likely to be associated with healthier dietary patterns, better nutrient profile, better eating attitudes, physical activity, and less exposure to smoking. The use of short questions about self-perceived levels of competitiveness, psychological tension, and dependency can contribute to add additional information when assessing lifestyles and diet in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Unzueta
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology, Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain
| | - F Lahortiga-Ramos
- University Clinic of Navarra, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, University of Navarra Medical School, Campus Universitario, 31080, Spain.
| | - S Santiago
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology, Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - I Zazpe
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - P Molero
- University Clinic of Navarra, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, University of Navarra Medical School, Campus Universitario, 31080, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-Villegas
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Nutrition Research Group, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - M A Martínez-González
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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