Hanson RL, Howell JM, LaPorte TL, Donovan MJ, Cazzulino DL, Zannella V, Montana MA, Nanduri VB, Schwarz SR, Eiring RF, Durand SC, Wasylyk JM, Parker WL, Liu MS, Okuniewicz FJ, Chen B, Harris JC, Natalie KJ, Ramig K, Swaminathan S, Rosso VW, Pack SK, Lotz BT, Bernot PJ, Rusowicz A, Lust DA, Tse KS, Venit JJ, Szarka LJ, Patel RN. Synthesis of allysine ethylene acetal using phenylalanine dehydrogenase from Thermoactinomyces intermedius.
Enzyme Microb Technol 2000;
26:348-358. [PMID:
10713207 DOI:
10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00175-1]
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Abstract
Allysine ethylene acetal [(S)-2-amino-5-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-pentanoic acid (2)] was prepared from the corresponding keto acid by reductive amination using phenylalanine dehydrogenase (PDH) from Thermoactinomyces intermedius ATCC 33205. Glutamate, alanine, and leucine dehydrogenases, and PDH from Sporosarcina species (listed in order of increasing effectiveness) also gave the desired amino acid but were less effective. The reaction requires ammonia and NADH. NAD produced during the reaction was recyled to NADH by the oxidation of formate to CO(2) using formate dehydrogenase (FDH). PDH was produced by growth of T. intermedius ATCC 33205 or by growth of recombinant Escherichia coli or Pichia pastoris expressing the Thermoactinomyces enzyme. Using heat-dried T. intermedius as a source of PDH and heat-dried Candida boidinii SC13822 as a source of FDH,98%, but production of T. intermedius could not be scaled up. Using heat-dried recombinant E. coli as a source of PDH and heat-dried Candida boidinii 98%. In a third generation process, heat-dried methanol-grown P. pastoris expressing endogenous FDH and recombinant Thermoactinomyces98% ee.
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