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Miguel FM, Picada JN, da Silva JB, Schemitt EG, Colares JR, Hartmann RM, Marroni CA, Marroni NP. Melatonin Attenuates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and DNA Damage in Mice with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Induced by a Methionine- and Choline-Deficient Diet. Inflammation 2022; 45:1968-1984. [PMID: 35419738 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a disease with a high incidence worldwide, but its diagnosis and treatment are poorly managed. In this study, NASH pathophysiology and DNA damage biomarkers were investigated in mice with NASH treated and untreated with melatonin (MLT). C57BL/6 mice were fed a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks to develop NASH. Melatonin was administered at 20 mg/kg during the last 2 weeks. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured, and hepatic tissue was dissected for histological analysis, evaluation of lipoperoxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as nuclear factor-erythroid 2 (Nrf2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) expression by immunohistochemistry. DNA damage was evaluated using Comet assay, while a micronucleus test in bone marrow was performed to assess the genomic instability associated with the disease. Melatonin decreased AST and ALT, liver inflammatory processes, balloonization, and fibrosis in mice with NASH, decreasing TNF-α, iNOS, and TGF-β, as well as oxidative stress, shown by reducing lipoperoxidation and intensifying Nrf2 expression. The SOD and GPx activities were increased, while CAT was decreased by treatment with MLT. Although the micronucleus frequency was not increased in mice with NASH, a protective effect on DNA was observed with MLT treatment in blood and liver tissues using Comet assay. As conclusions, MLT slows down the progression of NASH, reducing hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory processes, inhibiting DNA damage via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Moraes Miguel
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied To Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Avenida Farroupilha, 8001, CEP 92425900, Canoas, RS, Brazil.,Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied To Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Avenida Farroupilha, 8001, CEP 92425900, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Bondan da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied To Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Avenida Farroupilha, 8001, CEP 92425900, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizângela Gonçalves Schemitt
- Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Josieli Raskopf Colares
- Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Minuzzo Hartmann
- Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Augusto Marroni
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Postgraduate Program - Hepatology, Federal University of Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Norma Possa Marroni
- Experimental Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation, Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, CEP 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, RS, CEP 90050170, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Oliveira MR, Sudati IP, Konzen VDM, de Campos AC, Wibelinger LM, Correa C, Miguel FM, Silva RN, Borghi-Silva A. Covid-19 and the impact on the physical activity level of elderly people: A systematic review. Exp Gerontol 2022; 159:111675. [PMID: 34954282 PMCID: PMC8695515 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social isolation and lifestyle changes provoked by the COVID-19 pandemic have negatively affected the level of physical activity of the elderly people. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the available evidence related to the level of physical activity (PA) of elderly people during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This is a systematic review, registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021241116), which included cross-sectional and cohort studies. Embase, Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Scopus databases were used to search for the studies. Finally, the New Castle-Ottawa Quality Assessment scale was used to measure the quality of the studies. RESULTS 25 studies were found, being 14 cross-sectional and 11 cohort studies. The studies showed that the elderly population was highly affected in relation to the level of physical activity and lifestyle during restrictions, quarantine and lockdowns caused by the COVID-19. There was a significant reduction in physical activity levels, leading to declines in physical fitness and increased sedentary lifestyle, factors directly related to the increase in frailty in this population. CONCLUSION The level of physical activity in the elderly population decreased during the quarantine period of COVID-19 worldwide. Strategies to maintain physical condition must be encouraged with physical exercises that meets the needs of the elderly in the current pandemic scenario, in order to maintain and improve the health of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Clisman Correa
- Lutheran University of Brazil, Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Rosa CGS, Colares JR, da Fonseca SRB, Martins GDS, Miguel FM, Dias AS, Marroni CA, Picada JN, Lehmann M, Marroni NAP. Sarcopenia, oxidative stress and inflammatory process in muscle of cirrhotic rats - Action of melatonin and physical exercise. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 121:104662. [PMID: 34146550 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is one of the most common features of cirrhosis, contributing to morbidity and mortality in this population. We aimed to evaluate the effect of melatonin (MLT) and exercise (EX) on the quadriceps muscle in rats with biliary cirrhosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). We used 48 males (mean weight = 300 g), divided into eight groups. A 20 mg/Kg MLT dose was administered via i.p. (1 x daily), and the EX, the animals were set to swim in couples for 10 min each day. Upon completion, blood, liver, and quadriceps samples were taken for analysis. In the liver enzymes analysis and comet assay results, a reduction was observed in the groups treated with MLT with/or EX comparing to the BDL group. In the evaluation of substances that react to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), nitric oxide levels (NO), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels (TNF-α), there was a significant increase in the BDL group and a reduction in the treated groups. In the activity of the superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) and interleukin-10 levels (IL-10) concentrations, there was a significant increase in the treated groups of the BDL group. Histological analysis revealed muscle hypotrophy in the BDL group in comparison with the control group (CO) and increased muscle mass in the treated groups. There was an increase in weight gain and phase angle in the groups treated with MLT with/or EX comparing to the BDL group. We suggest that treatments may contribute to the reduction of muscle changes in cirrhotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gustavo Sakuno Rosa
- Postgraduate in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Josieli Raskopf Colares
- Postgraduate in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Dos Santos Martins
- Experimental Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Moraes Miguel
- Postgraduate in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Simões Dias
- Experimental Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Posgratuate in Human Movement and Pneumologic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Augusto Marroni
- Experimental Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Postgraduate in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maurício Lehmann
- Postgraduate in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Norma Anair Possa Marroni
- Postgraduate in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Experimental Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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De Sousa JA, Prado LDS, Alderete BL, Boaretto FBM, Allgayer MC, Miguel FM, De Sousa JT, Marroni NP, Lemes MLB, Corrêa DS, Ferraz ADBF, Picada JN. Toxicological aspects of Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg. associated with its phytochemical profile. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2019; 82:62-74. [PMID: 30741125 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1562392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Campomanesia xanthocarpa leaves are used as tea to treat diarrhea, inflammation, and hypercholesterolemia. Some pharmacological studies noted its beneficial uses of C. xanthocarpa; however, few investigations examined the toxicological profile of this plant. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition, genotoxic, and mutagenic potential of an aqueous extract of C. xanthocarpa leaves (CxAE), and potential protective effects against oxidative damage. Phytochemical constituents were determined using HPLC, and antioxidant effect in vitro was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. Genotoxic effects and chromosomic mutations were assessed using comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test in Wistar rats treated with CxAE at 250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg for 7 consecutive days. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured in several tissues. CxAE induced mutations in TA98, TA97a, and TA102 strains. However, in the presence of metabolic activation, data were negative for all strains tested. Lack of mutagenicity was also observed in the MN test. This extract did not induce DNA damage, except when the highest concentration was used. DNA oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decreased in blood after treatment with CxAE. Lipid peroxidation levels were reduced while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in kidneys. The inhibitory concentration of CxAE required to lower DPPH levels to 50% was 38.47 ± 2.06 μg/ml. In conclusion, frameshift and oxidative mutations were observed only in the absence of metabolic activation which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids such as quercetin. It is of interest that CxAE also showed protective effects against DNA oxidative damage associated with presence of ellagic acid, a phenolic acid with antioxidant activities. CxAE did not induce in vivo mutagenicity, suggesting that this extract poses a low toxic hazard over the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joubert Aires De Sousa
- a Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Lismare da Silva Prado
- a Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Bárbara Lopes Alderete
- a Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | | | - Mariangela C Allgayer
- b Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Veterinary Hospital , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Fabiano Moraes Miguel
- c Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Jayne Torres De Sousa
- c Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Norma Possa Marroni
- c Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Maria Luísa Brodt Lemes
- d Laboratory of Pharmacognosis and Phytochemistry , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Dione Silva Corrêa
- e Center for Research in Product and Development (CEPPED) , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil
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Miguel FM, Schemitt EG, Colares JR, Hartmann RM, Morgan-Martins MI, Marroni NP. ACTION OF VITAMIN E ON EXPERIMENTAL SEVERE ACUTE LIVER FAILURE. Arq Gastroenterol 2017; 54:123-129. [PMID: 28198914 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.201700000-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe Acute Liver Failure (ALF) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by hepatocyte necrosis, loss of hepatic architecture, and impairment of liver functions. One of the main causes of ALF is hepatotoxicity from chemical agents, which damage hepatocytes and result in increase of reactive oxygen species. The vitamin E isoform is the one with the strongest biological antioxidant activity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antioxidant effect of vitamin E in this ALF model. METHODS We used 56 rats (mean weight of 300 g) divided into eight groups, four groups assessed at 24 hours and 4 assessed at 48 hours after induction: control group (CO); Vitamin E (Vit. E); Thioacetamide (TAA) and Thioacetamide + Vitamina E (TAA+Vit.E). Rats were submitted to injections of thioacetamide (400 mg/kg i.p.) at baseline and 8 hours later. Vitamin E (100 mg/kg ip) was administered 30 minutes after the second dose of thioacetamide. The 48-hour group rats received two additional doses of vitamin E (24h and 36h). At 24h or 48 hours after the administration of the first dose of TAA, rats were weighed and anesthetized and their blood sampled for evaluation of liver integrity through enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Liver tissue was sampled for assessment of lipid peroxidation (LPO) by the technique TBARS, antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, GPx and GST activity, levels of the NO 2 /NO 3 and histology by H&E in two times. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and statistically analyzed by ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls, with P <0.05 considered as significant. RESULTS After treatment with vitamin E, we observed a reduction in liver enzymes AST (U/L) (101.32±19.45 in 24 hours and 97.85±29.65 in 48 hours) related to the TAA group (469.56± 0.69 in 24 hours and 598.23±55.45 in 48 hours) and ALT (U/L) (76.59±8.56 in 24 hours and 68.47±6.49 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (312.21±10.23 in 24 hours and 359.15±17.58 in 48 hours). There was a reduction of LPO (nmol/mg Prot) in the TAA+Vit.E group (0.77±0.07 in 24 hours and 0.95±0.08 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (1.50±0.07 in 24 hours e 1.65±0.16 in 48 hours). SOD decreased in the TAA+Vit.E group (49.48±9.47 in 24 hours and 62.45±18, 47 in 48 hours), related to the TAA group (98.46±15.48 in 24 hours and 154.13±21.46 in 48 hours), as well as GST (nmol/min/mg Prot) in the TAA+Vit.E group (350.57±36.93 in 24 hours and 453.29±13.84 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (561.57±64.56 in 24 hours and 673.43±38.13 in 48 hours). There was an increase in CAT (pmol/min/mg Prot) in the TAA+Vit.E group (3.40±0.44 in 24 hours and 3.0±0.35 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (1.65±0.21 in 24 hours and 1.86±0.42 in 48 hours). The GPx (nmol/min/mg Prot) increased in 24 hours in the TAA+Vit.E group (1.01±0.16) compared to the TAA group (0.41±0.04) and decreased in 48 hours (1.19±0.17) compared to the TAA group (1.76±0.21). There was a reduction in NO2/NO3 (mmol/L) levels in the TAA+Vit.E group (31.47±4.26 in 24 hours and 38.93±5.20 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (49.37±5.12 in 24 hours and 53.53±5.97 in 48 hours). The histopathological evaluation showed a decrease in liver injury (necrosis and inflammation) in both studied times. CONCLUSION These results suggest that vitamin E was able to protect the liver from lesions caused by thioacetamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Moraes Miguel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação BioSaúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizângela Gonçalves Schemitt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Hepatologia e Gastroenterologia Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Josieli Raskopf Colares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Hepatologia e Gastroenterologia Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Minuzzo Hartmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Hepatologia e Gastroenterologia Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Norma Possa Marroni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação BioSaúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Hepatologia e Gastroenterologia Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Moraes Miguel F, Alexandre Grings L, Borges Pereira G, Diego Leite R, Vieira A, Frade de Sousa NM, Simão R, Prestes J. Different cardiovascular responses to a resistance training session in hypertensive women receiving propanolol compared with normotensive controls. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:913271. [PMID: 22645465 PMCID: PMC3354718 DOI: 10.1100/2012/913271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the responses of blood pressure, heart rate, and rate-pressure product of hypertensive women using beta-blockers with healthy controls during resistance exercise (by the end of the concentric phase of the contractions) and in the postexercise period (5 and 30 minutes after). Ten untrained normotensive women (N) and 10 mildly hypertensive females receiving 40 mg/day of propanolol (H) were selected. Three sets of 10 repetitions at 80% of 10 repetitions maximum with 30 s rest interval were performed on the leg press exercise. The H group exhibited lower systolic blood pressure after the second set compared with N. Heart rate and rate-pressure product were lower in H in all analyzed periods compared with N. Propanolol attenuates the cardiovascular response to a leg press resistance exercise in mildly hypertensive women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Moraes Miguel
- Graduation Program in Exercise Physiology, Gama Filho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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