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de Souza Borges JH, Junior PL, de Brito FF, Rezende HP, de Souza Silva MV, Oliveira M, Barin FR. Effects of amino acid supplementation on muscle mass, muscle performance and functional capacity in subjects undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2024; 34:1717-1729. [PMID: 38236398 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to summarize the effectiveness of amino acid supplementation on muscle strength, muscle volume, and functional capacity in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. For this, in November 2022, a search was carried out in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases, identifying a total of 2182 documents, of which only 4 were included in the present review. The included studies had 148 participants (47 men and 101 women), with a minimum age of 53 and a maximum of 92 years, and supplementation times of 13 to 30 days (1 to 3 times a day). For the results, in relation to muscle performance, when comparing the control and experimental groups, greater muscle atrophy was observed in the pre- and post-moments of the control group, in relation to the experimental group. In addition, studies suggest a good tendency for muscle mass gain, and improvement in the functional capacities of patients who used supplementation. Therefore, the use of amino acids after TKA surgery reduces muscle atrophy, which preserves muscle mass and leads to better performance in tests of strength and functional capacity, when compared to the use of a placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Humberto de Souza Borges
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital (IPE-HOME), SGAS Quadra 613-Conjunto C, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70200-730, Brazil
| | - Paulo Lobo Junior
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital (IPE-HOME), SGAS Quadra 613-Conjunto C, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70200-730, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fagundes de Brito
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital (IPE-HOME), SGAS Quadra 613-Conjunto C, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70200-730, Brazil
| | - Heitor Paes Rezende
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital (IPE-HOME), SGAS Quadra 613-Conjunto C, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70200-730, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius de Souza Silva
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital (IPE-HOME), SGAS Quadra 613-Conjunto C, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70200-730, Brazil
| | - Marcio Oliveira
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital (IPE-HOME), SGAS Quadra 613-Conjunto C, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70200-730, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Reichert Barin
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital (IPE-HOME), SGAS Quadra 613-Conjunto C, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70200-730, Brazil.
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Freitas A, Demeneghi NC, Barin FR, Battaglion LR, Pires RE, Giordano V. Pipkin Type-II Femoral Head Fracture - A Biomechanical Evaluation by the Finite-Element Method. Rev Bras Ortop 2023; 58:507-513. [PMID: 37396077 PMCID: PMC10310412 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the biomechanical capacity of two forms of fixation for Pipkin type-II fractures, describing the vertical fracture deviation, the maximum and minimum principal stresses, and the Von Mises equivalent stress in the syntheses used. Materials and Methods Two internal fasteners were developed to treat Pipkin type-II fractures through finite elements: a 3.5-mm cortical screw and a Herbert screw. Under the same conditions, the vertical fracture deviation, the maximum and minimum principal stresses, and the Von Mises equivalent stress in the syntheses used were evaluated. Results The vertical displacements evaluated were of 1.5 mm and 0.5 mm. The maximum principal stress values obtained in the upper region of the femoral neck were of 9.7 KPa and 1.3 Kpa, and the minimum principal stress values obtained in the lower region of the femoral neck were of -8.7 KPa and -9.3 KPa. Finally, the peak values for Von Mises stress were of 7.2 GPa and 2.0 GPa for the fixation models with the use of the 3.5-mm cortical screw and the Herbert screw respectively. Conclusion The fixation system with the Herbert screw generated the best results in terms of reduction of vertical displacement, distribution of the maximum principal stress, and the peak Von Mises equivalent stress, demonstrating mechanical superiority compared to that of the 3.5-mm cortical screw in the treatment of Pipkin type-II fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Freitas
- Hospital Regional do Gama, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil
- Departamento de Ortopedia, Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino, Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada (IPE-HOME), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil
| | | | - Fabrício Reichert Barin
- Departamento de Ortopedia, Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino, Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada (IPE-HOME), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil
| | - Leonardo Rigobello Battaglion
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Anestesiologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Robinson Esteves Pires
- Departamento do Aparelho Locomotor, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Vincenzo Giordano
- Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia Nova Monteiro, Hospital Municipal Miguel Couto, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Oliveira M, Júnior PL, Imoto AM, Santos T, Borges JHS, Nunes P, Barin FR, Damando M, Peccin MS. Unilateral Versus Bilateral Resistance Exercise in Postoperative Rehabilitation After ACL Reconstruction With Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Orthop J Sports Med 2022; 10:23259671221088830. [PMID: 35464901 PMCID: PMC9019374 DOI: 10.1177/23259671221088830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lower limb muscle strength symmetry has been suggested as an essential criterion for the safe return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Limited evidence is available regarding the most effective intervention to achieve symmetry after reconstruction with contralateral bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) graft. Purpose To verify whether unilateral isotonic resistance exercise is more effective than bilateral exercise for obtaining postoperative functional and muscular strength symmetry between the donor limb and reconstructed limb for patients who received BPTB graft. Study Design Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods A total of 88 patients were randomly divided into a control group (n = 44) and an intervention group (n = 44). All participants performed an 8-week exercise program starting at the beginning of the fourth postoperative month and were evaluated before and after the program. The control group performed bilateral exercises, and the intervention group performed unilateral exercises for the donor limb only (the limb with the greatest disability). The primary outcome was muscle strength (peak torque and hamstrings to quadriceps [H:Q] ratio), and the secondary outcomes were range of motion (ROM; goniometry), KT-1000 arthrometer side-to-side difference in anteroposterior knee laxity, and objective (single-leg hop test) and subjective (Lysholm score) functionality. Results Both groups improved significantly from before to after the exercise program. The improvements were significantly greater in the intervention group regarding peak torque, H:Q ratio, flexion ROM, single-leg hop test, and Lysholm score in the donor limb (P < .001 for all), and the improvements were significantly greater in the control group regarding peak torque and single-leg hop test in the reconstructed limb (P < .001 for both). Comparison between the groups showed significantly increased symmetry regarding peak torque, H:Q ratio, and single-leg hop test in the intervention group compared with the control group (P < .001), with large effect sizes (>0.80) except for the H:Q ratio. Conclusion Although postoperative, bilateral, isotonic resistance exercise provided better strength gains to the reconstructed limb, unilateral exercise was more effective in obtaining functional and muscle strength between-limb symmetry in patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with contralateral BPTB graft. Registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (number RBR-22rnjh).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Oliveira
- Institute of Research and Teaching, Orthopedic Hospital and
Specialized Medicine/FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence (IPE/HOME), Brasília,
Brazil
- Health Evidence-Based Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de São
Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Lobo Júnior
- Institute of Research and Teaching, Orthopedic Hospital and
Specialized Medicine/FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence (IPE/HOME), Brasília,
Brazil
| | | | - Tácio Santos
- Institute of Research and Teaching, Orthopedic Hospital and
Specialized Medicine/FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence (IPE/HOME), Brasília,
Brazil
| | - José Humberto Souza Borges
- Institute of Research and Teaching, Orthopedic Hospital and
Specialized Medicine/FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence (IPE/HOME), Brasília,
Brazil
| | - Pedro Nunes
- Institute of Research and Teaching, Orthopedic Hospital and
Specialized Medicine/FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence (IPE/HOME), Brasília,
Brazil
| | - Fabrício Reichert Barin
- Institute of Research and Teaching, Orthopedic Hospital and
Specialized Medicine/FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence (IPE/HOME), Brasília,
Brazil
| | - Meire Damando
- Institute of Research and Teaching, Orthopedic Hospital and
Specialized Medicine/FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence (IPE/HOME), Brasília,
Brazil
| | - Maria Stella Peccin
- Health Evidence-Based Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de São
Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Freitas A, Barin FR, Battaglion LR, da Costa HI, Santos ED, Rosado HA, Giordano M, Giordano V, Shimano AC. Proposal for a New Fixation Method for Pauwels Type III Femoral Neck Fracture-Metaphyseal Stem: A Finite-Element Analysis. Indian J Orthop 2021; 55:378-384. [PMID: 34306551 PMCID: PMC8275808 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-021-00420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the biomechanical behavior of a metaphyseal stem specifically designed for the fixation of Pauwels type-III femoral neck fractures using finite-element analysis. METHODS Three different constructions were studied: the dynamic hip screw with a superior anti-rotation screw (DHS + ARS), multiple cannulated screws in an inverted triangle configuration (ASNIS), and the Metaphyseal Nailing System (MNS), a new implant developed by the authors. Vertical and total displacement, localized and total maximum and minimum principal, and the Von Mises peak stresses were evaluated. RESULTS Results are shown for the DHS + ARS, ASNIS, and MNS models, respectively. Vertical displacement (mm) was 1.49, 3.63, and 1.90; total displacement (mm) was: 5.33, 6.02, and 6.30; localized maximum principal (Mpa) was: 2.77, 4.5, and 1.7; Total maximum principal (Mpa) was: 126, 223, and 531; localized minimum principal (Mpa) was: -1.8, -3.15, and -0.39; total minimum (Mpa) was: -121, -449, and -245; and Von Mises peak stress (MPA) was: 315.5, 326.1, and 286.0. CONCLUSION The present FEM study showed that the MNS device increases general stresses and reduces localized stresses, when compared to the DHS + ARS and ASNIS constructions used to fix Pauwels type-III femoral neck fracture in synthetic models. In this sense, the MNS showed a low fracture focus shift, conducive to the consolidation environment. The significant reduction in the maximum principal stress, allows to affirm that the main deforming force, the shear, in this fracture pattern, was considerably reduced and the low value of Von Mises obtained, consistent with an implant capable of making an effective load sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Freitas
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital IPE-HOME—Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada, SGAS Quadra 613 - Conjunto C, Brasília - Distrito Federal, CEP-70200-730 Brazil ,Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, São Paulo University (FMRP/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Reichert Barin
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital IPE-HOME—Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada, SGAS Quadra 613 - Conjunto C, Brasília - Distrito Federal, CEP-70200-730 Brazil
| | | | - Hélio Ismael da Costa
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital IPE-HOME—Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada, SGAS Quadra 613 - Conjunto C, Brasília - Distrito Federal, CEP-70200-730 Brazil
| | - Eduardo Duarte Santos
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital IPE-HOME—Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada, SGAS Quadra 613 - Conjunto C, Brasília - Distrito Federal, CEP-70200-730 Brazil
| | - Hugo Amando Rosado
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital IPE-HOME—Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada, SGAS Quadra 613 - Conjunto C, Brasília - Distrito Federal, CEP-70200-730 Brazil
| | | | - Vincenzo Giordano
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service Nova Monteiro - Miguel Couto Municipal Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Shimano
- Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, São Paulo University (FMRP/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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da Silva Boitrago MV, de Mello NN, Barin FR, Júnior PL, de Souza Borges JH, Oliveira M. Effects of proprioceptive exercises and strengthening on pain and functionality for patellofemoral pain syndrome in women: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021; 18:94-99. [PMID: 33996453 PMCID: PMC8100610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to verify the effects of resisted and proprioceptive exercises program for the treatment of patients diagnosed with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). DESIGN METHOD Randomized Controlled Trial - level of evidence, II. METHODS Sixty female patients, clinically diagnosed with PFPS, were allocated into two experimental groups. The exercise group (ExG) underwent 6 weeks of a resisted and proprioceptive exercises for the trunk muscles, abductors and lateral hip rotators and knee extensors. The Guidance Group (GG) received educational, cognitive and behavioral guidance on healthcare. Before and after the program implementation period, all participants were evaluated in relation to the injured limb for pain assessment, subjective functionality, maximum isometric strength and 2D biomechanical analysis. RESULTS After a six-week follow-up, ExG showed significant improvement in the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Anterior Knee Pain Scale and Knee Outcome Survey- Activities of Daily Living Scale when compared to the control group (p ≤ 0,05). The ExG also proved superior for increased muscle strength of knee extensors, hip abductors, decreased dynamic knee valgus and pelvic drop in relation to GG (p ≤ 0.05). However, when we consider the strength of the hip lateral rotator muscles there was no difference between the two interventions (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Resisted and proprioceptive exercises yielded superior results to those of a treatment focused on educational, cognitive and behavioral guidance in improving pain and lower limb function for women with PFPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Vinicius da Silva Boitrago
- Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada (IPE - H O M E), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil,Centro Universitário de Brasília (UniCEUB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Nayara Nepomuceno de Mello
- Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada (IPE - H O M E), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Reichert Barin
- Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada (IPE - H O M E), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil,Corresponding author. Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada (IPE - H O M E), SGAS Quadra 613 - Conjunto C - Asa Sul, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Lobo Júnior
- Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada (IPE - H O M E), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - José Humberto de Souza Borges
- Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada (IPE - H O M E), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Marcio Oliveira
- Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensino do Hospital Ortopédico e Medicina Especializada (IPE - H O M E), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil,Centro Universitário de Brasília (UniCEUB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Freitas A, Bontempo RL, Azevedo FAR, Battaglion LR, Giordano MN, Barin FR, Giordano V. New fixation method for Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture: a finite element analysis of sliding hip screw, L-shaped, and L-shaped with medial plate. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2021; 31:1069-1075. [PMID: 33389052 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-020-02824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of three fixations for Pauwels type III fractures (sliding hip screw (SHS), L-shaped, and L-shaped with medial plate), by finite element analysis (FEM). METHODS Three internal fixators were developed to treat Pauwels type III fracture by finite elements: SHS; L-shaped; and L-shaped with medial plate. Under the same conditions, localized and total vertical fracture displacement, maximum and minimum principal and von Mises stresses were evaluated. RESULTS The localized and total vertical displacement evaluated for the SHS, L-shaped, and L-shaped with medial plate were 0.15 mm, 0.17 mm, and 0.07 mm (localized), and 4.52 mm, 6.97 mm, and 6.83 mm (total), respectively. The maximum values obtained in the upper region of the femoral neck for the internal fixations were 1.43 MPa, 1.29 MPa, and 1.24 MPa, and the minimum values obtained in the lower region of the femoral neck were - 0.73 MPa, - 1.09 MPa, and - 1.03 MPa, respectively. The maximum Von Mises peak stress values were 6.35 MPa, 10.7 MPa, and 16.2 MPa for the fixation models using the SHS, L-shaped, and L-shaped with medial plate, respectively. CONCLUSION The present FEM analysis showed that SHS yields better results in terms of total vertical displacements, maximum distribution, and Von Mises peak stresses reduction. On the other hand, the L-shaped construction plus a medial plate decreases localized vertical displacements and maximum principal distribution when compared to the SHS and L-shaped constructions. These results demonstrate that both constructions, SHS and L-shaped plus a medial plate, are biomechanically efficient for the fixation of Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Freitas
- Regional Hospital of the City of Gama, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil.,Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital (IPE - H O M E) , SGAS Quadra 613- Conjunto C , Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70200-730, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabrício Reichert Barin
- Research and Education Institute of the Orthopedics and Specialized Medicine Hospital (IPE - H O M E) , SGAS Quadra 613- Conjunto C , Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70200-730, Brazil.
| | - Vincenzo Giordano
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Nova Monteiro - Miguel Couto Municipal Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Barin FR, de Sousa Neto IV, Vieira Ramos G, Szojka A, Ruivo AL, Anflor CTM, Agualimpia JDH, Domingues AC, Franco OL, Adesida AB, Durigan JLQ, Marqueti RDC. Calcaneal Tendon Plasticity Following Gastrocnemius Muscle Injury in Rat. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1098. [PMID: 31551799 PMCID: PMC6733963 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cross-talk between skeletal muscle and tendon is important for tissue homeostasis. Whereas the skeletal muscle response to tendon injury has been well-studied, to the best of our knowledge the tendon response to skeletal muscle injury has been neglected. Thus, we investigated calcaneal tendon extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling after gastrocnemius muscle injury using a rat model. Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (C; animals that were not exposed to muscle injury) and harvested at different time points post gastrocnemius muscle injury (3, 14, and 28 days) for gene expression, morphological, and biomechanical analyses. At 3 days post injury, we observed mRNA-level dysregulation of signaling pathways associated with collagen I accompanied with disrupted biomechanical properties. At 14 days post injury, we found reduced collagen content histologically accompanied by invasion of blood vessels into the tendon proper and an abundance of peritendinous sheath cells. Finally, at 28 days post injury, there were signs of recovery at the gene expression level including upregulation of transcription factors related to ECM synthesis, remodeling, and repair. At this time point, tendons also presented with increased peritendinous sheath cells, decreased adipose cells, higher Young’s modulus, and lower strain to failure compared to the uninjured controls and all post injury time points. In summary, we demonstrate that the calcaneal tendon undergoes extensive ECM remodeling in response to gastrocnemius muscle injury leading to altered functional properties in a rat model. Tendon plasticity in response to skeletal muscle injury merits further investigation to understand its physiological relevance and potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Graciele Vieira Ramos
- Universidade Paulista, Brasilia, Brazil.,Centro Universitário ICESP, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Alexander Szojka
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Division of Surgical Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Allan Corrêa Domingues
- Group of Experimental and Computational Mechanics, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brazil.,Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Adetola B Adesida
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Division of Surgical Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Santana Oliveira AJ, Batista e Silva LL, Barin FR, Leite Pereira EC, Selistre-de-Araujo HS, de Cássia Marqueti R. Detraining and Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Discontinuation Change Calcaneal Tendon Morphology. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2018; 4:jfmk4010001. [PMID: 33467316 PMCID: PMC7739234 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk4010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several side effects of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) administration associated with training are reported in the biomechanical properties of the calcaneal tendon (CT) of rats. Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of the detraining and discontinuation of AAS administration on the CT morphology of rats submitted to exercise in water. Animals were divided into two groups (20/group): (1) Immediately after training (IA), and (2) Six weeks of detraining and AAS discontinuation (6W). The IA group included four subgroups: Sedentary (S), Trained (T), Sedentary with AAS administration (SAAS), and trained with AAS administration (TAAS). The 6W group included four subgroups: Sedentary (6W-S), six weeks of detrained (6W-T), six weeks of sedentary with AAS discontinuation (6W-SAAS), and six weeks of detrained with AAS discontinuation (6W-TAAS). Data show significant reduction in adipose cells volume density (Vv%) in the distal CT in 6W-TAAS group, indicating that training can exert a positive effect on the tendon. The 6W-SAAS group exhibited increased adipose cells Vv% in the distal region, compared with the W6-S and W6-T groups. A decrease in tendon proper cells Vv% and in peritendinous sheath cells Vv% of proximal and distal regions was also observed. In 6W-TAAS group showed increase in adipose cells, blood vessels, peritendinous sheath cells, and tendon proper cells Vv% in the distal region of the CT. The vertical jumps in water were not able to protect CT regions from the negative effects of AAS discontinuation for six weeks. However, after detraining and AAS discontinuation, many protective factors of the mechanical load in the long-term could be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rita de Cássia Marqueti
- Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF 72220-275, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-61-3107-8419
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