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Ali T, Anjum F, Choudhury A, Shafie A, Ashour AA, Almalki A, Mohammad T, Hassan MI. Identification of natural product-based effective inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) through virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3459-3471. [PMID: 37261484 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2218938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in signal transduction across different cell types. In the context of allergy and autoimmune disorders, it is a crucial regulator of immune receptor signaling in inflammatory cells such as B cells, mast cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Developing SYK kinase inhibitors has gained significant interest for potential therapeutic applications in neurological and cancer-related conditions. The clinical use of the most advanced SYK inhibitor, Fostamatinib, has been limited due to its unwanted side effects. Thus, a more targeted approach to SYK inhibition would provide a more comprehensive treatment window. In this study, we used a virtual screening approach to identify potential SYK inhibitors from natural compounds from the IMPPAT database. We identified two compounds, Isolysergic acid and Michelanugine, which showed strong affinity and specificity for the SYK binding pocket. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were also performed to explore the stability, conformational changes, and interaction mechanism of SYK in complexes with the identified compounds. The identified compounds might have the potential to be developed into promising SYK inhibitors for the treatment of various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. This work aims to identify potential phytochemicals to develop a new protein kinase inhibitor for treating advanced malignancies by providing an updated understanding of the role of SYK.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tufail Ali
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arunabh Choudhury
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulraheem Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Hakami MA, Alotaibi BS, Hazazi A, Shafie A, Alsaiari AA, Ashour AA, Anjum F. Identification of potential inhibitors of tropomyosin receptor kinase B targeting CNS-related disorders and cancers. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2965-2975. [PMID: 37184150 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2212786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 2 (NTRK2), is a protein that belongs to the family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). NTRK2 plays a crucial role in regulating the development and maturation of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Elevated TrkB expression levels observed in different pathological conditions make it a potential target for therapeutic interventions against neurological disorders, including depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and certain types of cancer. Targeting TrkB using small molecule inhibitors is a promising strategy for the treatment of a variety of neurological disorders. In this research, a systematic virtual screening was carried out on phytoconstituents found in the IMPPAT library to identify compounds potentially inhibiting TrkB. The retrieved compounds from the IMPPAT library were first filtered using Lipinski's rule of five. The compounds were then sorted based on their docking score and ligand efficiency. In addition, PAINS, ADMET, and PASS evaluations were carried out for selecting drug-like compounds. Finally, in interaction analysis, we found two phytoconstituents, Wedelolactone and 3,8-dihydroxy-1-methylanthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (DMCA), which possessed considerable docking scores and specificity on the TrkB ATP-binding pocket. The selected compounds were further assessed employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and essential dynamics. The results revealed that the elucidated compounds bind well with the TrkB binding pocket and lead to fewer conformations fluctuations. This study highlighted using phytoconstituents, Wedelolactone and DMCA as starting leads in developing novel TrkB inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader S Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahad Amer Alsaiari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Shafie A, Ashour AA, Anjum F, Shamsi A, Hassan MI. Elucidating the Impact of Deleterious Mutations on IGHG1 and Their Association with Huntington's Disease. J Pers Med 2024; 14:380. [PMID: 38673007 PMCID: PMC11050829 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a chronic, inherited neurodegenerative condition marked by chorea, dementia, and changes in personality. The primary cause of HD is a mutation characterized by the expansion of a triplet repeat (CAG) within the huntingtin gene located on chromosome 4. Despite substantial progress in elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms of HD, an effective treatment for this disorder is not available so far. In recent years, researchers have been interested in studying cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a source of biomarkers that could aid in the diagnosis and therapeutic development of this disorder. Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 (IGHG1) is one of the CSF proteins found to increase significantly in HD. Considering this, it is reasonable to study the potential involvement of deleterious mutations in IGHG1 in the pathogenesis of this disorder. In this study, we explored the potential impact of deleterious mutations on IGHG1 and their subsequent association with HD. We evaluated 126 single-point amino acid substitutions for their impact on the structure and functionality of the IGHG1 protein while exploiting multiple computational resources such as SIFT, PolyPhen-2, FATHMM, SNPs&Go mCSM, DynaMut2, MAESTROweb, PremPS, MutPred2, and PhD-SNP. The sequence- and structure-based tools highlighted 10 amino acid substitutions that were deleterious and destabilizing. Subsequently, out of these 10 mutations, eight variants (Y32C, Y32D, P34S, V39E, C83R, C83Y, V85M, and H87Q) were identified as pathogenic by disease phenotype predictors. Finally, two pathogenic variants (Y32C and P34S) were found to reduce the solubility of the protein, suggesting their propensity to form protein aggregates. These variants also exhibited higher residual frustration within the protein structure. Considering these findings, the study hypothesized that the identified variants of IGHG1 may compromise its function and potentially contribute to HD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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Farooqui H, Anjum F, Lebeche D, Ali S. Boron Facilitates Amelioration of Hepatic Injury by the Osmolyte Glycine and Resolves Injury by Improving the Tissue Redox Homeostasis. J Diet Suppl 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38501915 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2328340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Background: Glycine is a conditional non-essential amino acid in human and other mammals. It is abundant in the liver and is known for a wide spectrum of characteristics including the antioxidant, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, and cryoprotective effects. The amino acid is a naturally occurring osmolyte compatible with protein surface interactions and has been reported in literature as a potent therapeutic immuno-nutrient for liver diseases such as alcoholic liver disease. Oral glycine administration protects ethanol-induced liver injury, improves serum and tissue lipid profile, and alleviates hepatic injury in various conditions. In recent years, sodium salt of boron (borax) has been reported for its beneficial effects on cellular stress, including the effects on cell survival, immunity, and tissue redox state. Incidentally both glycine and boron prevent apoptosis and promote cell survival under stress. Objective: This study investigates the beneficial effect of borax on liver protection by glycine. Methods: Briefly, liver toxicity was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of thioacetamide (400 mg/kg b. wt.). Results: Significant changes in oxidative stress and liver function test parameters, the molybdenum Fe-S flavin hydroxylase activity, nitric oxide and tissue histopathology were observed in thioacetamide treated positive control group. The changes were ameliorated both by glycine as well as borax, but the combinatorial treatment yielded a better response indicating the impact of boron supplementation on glycine mediated protection of liver injury in experimental animal model. Conclusions: The study has clinical implications as the hepatotoxicity caused by thioacetamide mimics features of hepatitis C infection in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Farooqui
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of TN Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Shakir Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Almalki AA, Shafie A, Hazazi A, Banjer HJ, Bakhuraysah MM, Almaghrabi SA, Alsaiari AA, Alsaeedi FA, Ashour AA, Alharthi A, Alharthi NS, Anjum F. Targeting Cathepsin L in Cancer Management: Leveraging Machine Learning, Structure-Based Virtual Screening, and Molecular Dynamics Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17208. [PMID: 38139037 PMCID: PMC10743089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin L (CTSL) expression is dysregulated in a variety of cancers. Extensive empirical evidence indicates their direct participation in cancer growth, angiogenic processes, metastatic dissemination, and the development of treatment resistance. Currently, no natural CTSL inhibitors are approved for clinical use. Consequently, the development of novel CTSL inhibition strategies is an urgent necessity. In this study, a combined machine learning (ML) and structure-based virtual screening strategy was employed to identify potential natural CTSL inhibitors. The random forest ML model was trained on IC50 values. The accuracy of the trained model was over 90%. Furthermore, we used this ML model to screen the Biopurify and Targetmol natural compound libraries, yielding 149 hits with prediction scores >0.6. These hits were subsequently selected for virtual screening using a structure-based approach, yielding 13 hits with higher binding affinity compared to the positive control (AZ12878478). Two of these hits, ZINC4097985 and ZINC4098355, have been shown to strongly bind CTSL proteins. In addition to drug-like properties, both compounds demonstrated high affinity, ligand efficiency, and specificity for the CTSL binding pocket. Furthermore, in molecular dynamics simulations spanning 200 ns, these compounds formed stable protein-ligand complexes. ZINC4097985 and ZINC4098355 can be considered promising candidates for CTSL inhibition after experimental validation, with the potential to provide therapeutic benefits in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulraheem Ali Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.); (H.J.B.); (M.M.B.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.); (H.J.B.); (M.M.B.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamsa Jameel Banjer
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.); (H.J.B.); (M.M.B.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Maha M. Bakhuraysah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.); (H.J.B.); (M.M.B.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Sarah Abdullah Almaghrabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Center of Innovations in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahad Amer Alsaiari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.); (H.J.B.); (M.M.B.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Fouzeyyah Ali Alsaeedi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.); (H.J.B.); (M.M.B.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Afaf Alharthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.); (H.J.B.); (M.M.B.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Nahed S. Alharthi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.S.); (H.J.B.); (M.M.B.); (A.A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
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Anjum F, Maherchandani S, Gahlot K, Purva M. Clonal diversity and zoonotic potential of MDR Escherichia coli isolated from poultry at different age intervals. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:650-657. [PMID: 37450277 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2236038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
1. A pool of 480 E. coli isolates of poultry (broilers and ducks) representing different time intervals (0, 10, 20 and 30 days) was selected for ribotyping and used to determine polymorphism of 16-23S ribosomal RNA intergenic space. All the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR).2. Out of these, 10 isolates were tested for MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST) among which novel allelic combinations and therefore new sequence types were identified in seven isolates.3. This work showed the changes in E. coli strains structure at farm level and individual bird level in host species raised on organised farms with similar parental lineage and environmental housing. The statistical results showed that the structure of variation is very different by farm, supporting a strong effect of location, which confirms the temporal clustering.4. There were significant differences between E. coli strains in chickens and ducks, indicating host specificity of the E. coli strains.5. Some of the pathogenic E. coli strains found using MLST belonged to ST735, ST2796 and a pandemic clone ST752 of ST10 clonal complex. The results strongly suggested the clonal expansion and establishment of specific MDR clones that have zoonotic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Anjum
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, India
| | - S Maherchandani
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, India
| | - K Gahlot
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, India
| | - M Purva
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, India
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Rahaman A, Anjum F, Kumari A, Shafie A, Alee M, Badr O, Khan SH, Ashour AA, Hazazi A, Arif S, Zeng XA. Deciphering the binding mechanism of an anti-cancer phytochemical plumbagin with calf thymus DNA using biophysical and in silico techniques. Front Chem 2023; 11:1248458. [PMID: 37705997 PMCID: PMC10497110 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1248458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plumbagin (PLM), a plant derivative, is well known for a wide range of therapeutic effects in humans including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-microbial. Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of this phytochemical has been studied which demands further insight. DNA being a major target for several drugs was taken to study against PLM to understand its effects on the cellular system. UV-Vis spectroscopy has indicated the binding of PLM to ctDNA and dye displacement assays have confirmed the formation of PLM-ctDNA complex. The insignificant changes in circular dichroism spectra suggested that PLM is not affecting the structural makeup of the ctDNA, hence the binding could be peripheral and not intercalating. Further, the relative viscosity and minimal change in melting temperature upon the complex formation supported this finding and confirmed the groove binding of PLM. Molecular docking analysis and simulation studies also show PLM as a minor groove binder to DNA and provide details on the interaction dynamics of PLM-DNA complex. Docking followed by a 100 ns simulation reveals the negative Gibbs free energy change (∆G = -6.6 kcal mol-1), and the formation of a stable complex. The PLM- DNA complex with stable dynamics was further supported by different parameters including RMSD, RMSF, SASA, Rg, and the energy profile of interaction. This study provides an insight into the cytotoxic and genotoxic mechanism of PLM which can be a crucial step forward to exploit its therapeutic potential against several diseases including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahaman
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Food Intelligent Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aknita Kumari
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahafooj Alee
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Omnia Badr
- Department of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Qalyubia, Egypt
| | - Shaheer Hasan Khan
- Enzymology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Arif
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Unit, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Food Intelligent Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Centre for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Centre), Guangzhou, China
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Mathur Y, Shafie A, Alharbi B, Ashour AA, Al-Soud WA, Alhassan HH, Alharethi SH, Anjum F. Genome-Wide Analysis of Kidney Renal Cell Carcinoma: Exploring Differentially Expressed Genes for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets. OMICS 2023; 27:393-401. [PMID: 37624678 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2023.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Kidney renal cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common type of renal cancer. Kidney malignancies have been ranked in the top 10 most frequently occurring cancers. KIRC is a prevalent malignancy with a poor prognosis. The disease has risen for the last 40 years, and robust biomarkers for KIRC are needed for precision/personalized medicine. In this bioinformatics study, we utilized genomic data of KIRC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas for biomarker discovery. A total of 314 samples were used in this study. We identified many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) categorized as upregulated or downregulated. A protein-protein interaction network for the DEGs was then generated and analyzed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes plugin of Cytoscape. A set of 10 hub genes was selected based on the Maximum Clique Centrality score defined by the CytoHubba plugin. The elucidated set of genes, that is, CALCA, CRH, TH, CHAT, SLC18A3, FSHB, MYH6, CAV3, KCNA4, and GBX2, were then categorized as potential candidates to be explored as KIRC biomarkers. The survival analysis plots for each gene suggested that alterations in CHAT, CAV3, CRH, MYH6, SLC18A3, and FSHB resulted in decreased survival of KIRC patients. In all, the results suggest that genomic alterations in selected genes can be explored to inform biomarker discovery and for therapeutic predictions in KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Mathur
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Abu Al-Soud
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan H Alhassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Hussain Alharethi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts and Science, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Hua L, Anjum F, Shafie A, Ashour AA, Almalki AA, Alqarni AA, Banjer HJ, Almaghrabi SA, He S, Xu N. Identifying promising GSK3β inhibitors for cancer management: a computational pipeline combining virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations. Front Chem 2023; 11:1200490. [PMID: 37284581 PMCID: PMC10239944 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1200490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3β), a serine/threonine protein kinase, has been discovered as a novel target for anticancer drugs. Although GSK3β is involved in multiple pathways linked to the etiology of various cancers, no specific GSK3β inhibitor has been authorized for cancer therapy. Most of its inhibitors have toxicity effects therefore, there is a need to develop safe and more potent inhibitors. In this study, a library of 4,222 anti-cancer compounds underwent rigorous computational screening to identify potential candidates for targeting the binding pocket of GSK3β. The screening process involved various stages, including docking-based virtual screening, physicochemical and ADMET analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations. Ultimately, two hit compounds, BMS-754807 and GSK429286A, were identified as having high binding affinities to GSK3β. BMS-754807 and GSK429286A exhibited binding affinities of -11.9, and -9.8 kcal/mol, respectively, which were greater than that of the positive control (-7.6 kcal/mol). Further, molecular dynamics simulations for 100 ns were employed to optimize the interaction between the compounds and GSK3β, and the simulations demonstrated that the interaction was stable and consistent throughout the study. These hits were also anticipated to have good drug-like properties. Finally, this study suggests that BMS-754807 and GSK429286A may undergo experimental validation to evaluate their potential as cancer treatments in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Hua
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulraheem Ali Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abdullah Alqarni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamsa Jameel Banjer
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Abdullah Almaghrabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Innovations in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shan He
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
- Institute for Nano Scale and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
- College of Engineering, Information Technology and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Nenggui Xu
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Khatoon F, Kumar V, Anjum F, Shafie A, Adnan M, Hassan MI. Frustration analysis of TBK1 missense mutations reported in ALS/FTD and cancer patients. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:174. [PMID: 35845111 PMCID: PMC9283588 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a multifunctional kinase having essential roles in cellular processes, autophagy/mitophagy, and selective clearance of damaged proteins. More than 90 mutations in the TBK1 gene are linked with multiple cancer types, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Some of these missense mutations disrupt the abilities of TBK1 to dimerize, associate with the mitophagy receptor optineurin (OPTN), autoactivate, or catalyze phosphorylation. Some mutations may cause severe dysregulation of the pathway, while others induce a limited disruption. Here, we have studied those mutations reported in cancer, ALS and FTD, and subsequently investigated the effect of missense mutations on the structure and function of TBK1 for localized residual frustration change. Out of 33 ALS/FTD causing mutations and 28 oncogenic mutations, 10 mutations and 12 oncogenic mutations showed significant change in the residual frustration. The local frustration plays an important role in the conformation of protein structure in active and inactive kinases. Our analysis reports the change in residual frustration state, conformational change and effect on active and inactive TBK1 function due to ALS/FTD causing and oncogenic missense mutations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03240-0.
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11
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Xue B, Waseem SMA, Zhu Z, Alshahrani MA, Nazam N, Anjum F, Habib AH, Rafeeq MM, Nazam F, Sharma M. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Connecting Link Between Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:925991. [PMID: 35692417 PMCID: PMC9177140 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.925991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) involving tropomyosin kinase B and low affinity p75 neurotropin receptors is the most abundant and researched neurotropins in mammal’s brain. It is one of the potential targets for therapeutics in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) owing to its key role in synaptic plasticity. Low levels of BDNF are implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases including AD. However, a healthy lifestyle, exercise, and dietary modifications are shown to positively influence insulin regulation in the brain, reduce inflammation, and up-regulate the levels of BDNF, and are thus expected to have roles in AD. In this review, the relationship between BDNF, mental health, and AD is discussed. Insights into the interrelationships between nutrition, lifestyle, and environment with BDNF and possible roles in AD are also provided in the review. The review sheds light on the possible new therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xue
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhixin Zhu
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mohammed A. Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazia Nazam
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Hamed Habib
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misbahuddin M. Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzia Nazam
- Section of Psychology, Women’s College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Monika Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- *Correspondence: Monika Sharma,
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12
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Munshi R, Pellegrini J, Patel P, Patel P, Anjum F. Role of Pulmonary Hypertension in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Outcomes and Healthcare Utilization. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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13
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Anjum F, Shahwan M, Alhumaydhi FA, Sharaf SE, Al Abdulmonem W, Shafie A, Bilgrami AL, Shamsi A, Md Ashraf G. Mechanistic insight into the binding between Ferritin and Serotonin: Possible implications in neurodegenerative diseases. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Mathur Y, Mohammad T, Anjum F, Shafie A, Elasbali AM, Uversky VN, Hassan MI. PyPAn: An Automated Graphical User Interface for Protein Sequence and
Structure Analyses. Protein Pept Lett 2022; 29:306-312. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866529666220210155421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Protein sequence and structure analyses have been essential components of
bioinformatics and structural biology. They provide a deeper insight into the physicochemical
properties, structure, and subsequent functions of a protein. Advanced computational approaches
and bioinformatics utilities help solve several issues related to protein analysis. Still, beginners and
non-professional may struggle when encountering a wide variety of computational tools and the
sheer number of input parameter variables required by each tool.
Methods:
We introduce a free-to-access graphical user interface (GUI) named PyPAn 'Python-based
Protein Analysis' for varieties of protein sequence/structure analyses. PyPAn serves as a universal
platform to analyze protein sequences, structure, and their properties. PyPAn facilitates onboard
analysis of each task in just a single click. It can be used to calculate the physicochemical properties,
including instability index and molar extinction coefficient, for a protein. PyPAn is one of the few
computational tools that allow users to generate a Ramachandran plot and calculate solvent
accessibility and the radius of gyration (Rg) of proteins at once. In addition, it can refine the protein
model along with computation and minimization of its energy.
Results:
PyPAn can generate a recommendation for an appropriate structure modelling method to
employ for a query protein sequence. PyPAn is one of the few, if not the only, Python-based
computational GUI tools with an array of options for the user to employ as they see fit.
Conclusion:
PyPAn aims to unify many successful academically significant proteomic applications
and is freely available for academic and industrial research uses at https://hassanlab.org/pypan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Mathur
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for
Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099,
Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099,
Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelbaset M. Elasbali
- Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Jouf,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer\'s Research Institute, Morsani College of
Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for
Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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15
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Anjum F, Pishko A, Diamond J, Ahya V, Christie J, Clausen E, Hadjiliadis D, Patel N, Salgado J, Cevasco M, Cantu E, Crespo M, Bermudez C, Courtwright A. Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Outcomes Following Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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16
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Yousuf M, Ali A, Khan P, Anjum F, Elasbali AM, Islam A, Yadav DK, Shafie A, Rizwanul Haque QM, Hassan MI. Insights into the Antibacterial Activity of Prolactin-Inducible Protein against the Standard and Environmental MDR Bacterial Strains. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030597. [PMID: 35336169 PMCID: PMC8950685 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prolactin inducible protein (PIP) is a small secretary glycoprotein present in most biological fluids and contributes to various cellular functions, including cell growth, fertility, antitumor, and antifungal activities. Objectives: The present study evaluated the antibacterial activities of recombinant PIP against multiple broad-spectrum MDR bacterial strains. Methods: The PIP gene was cloned, expressed and purified using affinity chromatography. Disk diffusion, broth microdilution, and growth kinetic assays were used to determine the antibacterial activities of PIP. Results: Disk diffusion assay showed that PIP has a minimum and maximum zone of inhibition against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively, compared to the reference drug ampicillin. Furthermore, growth kinetics studies also suggested that PIP significantly inhibited the growth of E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The minimum inhibitory concentration of PIP was 32 µg/mL for E. coli (443), a standard bacterial strain, and 64 µg/mL for Bacillus sp. (LG1), an environmental multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain. The synergistic studies of PIP with ampicillin showed better efficacies towards selected bacterial strains having MDR properties. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that PIP has a broad range of antibacterial activities with important implications in alleviating MDR problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Yousuf
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.Y.); (A.A.); (Q.M.R.H.)
| | - Asghar Ali
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.Y.); (A.A.); (Q.M.R.H.)
| | - Parvez Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakakah 42421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City 21924, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.K.Y.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Qazi Mohd. Rizwanul Haque
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.Y.); (A.A.); (Q.M.R.H.)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.K.); (A.I.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.Y.); (M.I.H.)
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17
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Anwar S, DasGupta D, Shafie A, Alhumaydhi FA, Alsagaby SA, Shahwan M, Anjum F, Al Abdulmonem W, Sharaf SE, Imtaiyaz Hassan M. Implications of tempol in pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 targeted anticancer therapeutics: Computational, spectroscopic, and calorimetric studies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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18
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Yousuf M, Shamsi A, Anjum F, Shafie A, Islam A, Haque QMR, Elasbali AM, Yadav DK, Hassan MI. Effect of pH on the structure and function of cyclin-dependent kinase 6. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263693. [PMID: 35148332 PMCID: PMC8836317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) is an important protein kinase that regulates cell growth, development, cell metabolism, inflammation, and apoptosis. Its overexpression is associated with reprogramming glucose metabolism through alternative pathways and apoptosis, which ultimately plays a significant role in cancer development. In the present study, we have investigated the structural and conformational changes in CDK6 at varying pH employing a multi-spectroscopic approach. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy revealed at extremely acidic conditions (pH 2.0–4.0), the secondary structure of CDK6 got significantly disrupted, leading to aggregates formation. These aggregates were further characterized by employing Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence. No significant secondary structural changes were observed over the alkaline pH range (pH 7.0–11.0). Further, fluorescence and UV spectroscopy revealed that the tertiary structure of CDK6 was disrupted under extremely acidic conditions, with slight alteration occurring in mild acidic conditions. The tertiary structure remains intact over the entire alkaline range. Additionally, enzyme assay provided an insight into the functional aspect of CDK at varying pH; CDK6 activity was optimal in the pH range of 7.0–8.0. This study will provide a platform that provides newer insights into the pH-dependent dynamics and functional behavior of CDK6 in different CDK6 directed diseased conditions, viz. different types of cancers where changes in pH contribute to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Yousuf
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon City, South Korea
- * E-mail: (DKY); (MIH)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (DKY); (MIH)
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19
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Anjum F, Mohammad T, Asrani P, Shafie A, Singh S, Yadav DK, Uversky VN, Hassan MI. Identification of intrinsically disorder regions in non-structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2: New insights into drug and vaccine resistance. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1607-1619. [PMID: 35211823 PMCID: PMC8869350 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 and caused coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes pneumonia and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. It is a highly infectious pathogen that promptly spread. Like other beta coronaviruses, SARS‐CoV‐2 encodes some non-structural proteins (NSPs), playing crucial roles in viral transcription and replication. NSPs likely have essential roles in viral pathogenesis by manipulating many cellular processes. We performed a sequence-based analysis of NSPs to get insights into their intrinsic disorders, and their functions in viral replication were annotated and discussed in detail. Here, we provide newer insights into the structurally disordered regions of SARS-CoV-2 NSPs. Our analysis reveals that the SARS-CoV-2 proteome has a chunk of the disordered region that might be responsible for increasing its virulence. In addition, mutations in these regions are presumably responsible for drug and vaccine resistance. These findings suggested that the structurally disordered regions of SARS-CoV-2 NSPs might be invulnerable in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Purva Asrani
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shailza Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, SP, Pune University Campus, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 21924, South Korea.
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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20
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Habib I, Anjum F, Mohammad T, Sulaimani MN, Shafie A, Almehmadi M, Yadav DK, Sohal SS, Hassan MI. Differential gene expression and network analysis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1361-1370. [PMID: 35142951 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a prevalent malignancy with a poor prognosis, whose biomarkers have not been studied in great detail. We have collected genomic data of HNSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and analyzed them to get deeper insights into the gene expression pattern. Initially, 793 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were categorized, and their enrichment analysis was performed. Later, a protein-protein interaction network for the DEGs was constructed using the STRING plugin in Cytoscape to study their interactions. A set of 10 hub genes was selected based on Maximal Clique Centrality score, and later their survival analysis was studied. The elucidated set of 10 genes, i.e., PRAME, MAGEC2, MAGEA12, LHX1, MAGEA3, CSAG1, MAGEA6, LCE6A, LCE2D, LCE2C, referred to as potential candidates to be explored as HNSCC biomarkers. The Kaplan-Meier overall survival of the selected genes suggested that the alterations in the candidate genes were linked to the decreased survival of the HNSCC patients. Altogether, the results of this study signify that the genomic alterations and differential expression of the selected genes can be explored in therapeutic interpolations of HNSCC, exploiting early diagnosis and target-propelled therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insan Habib
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Md Nayab Sulaimani
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 21924, South Korea.
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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21
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Anjum F, Sulaimani MN, Shafie A, Mohammad T, Ashraf GM, Bilgrami AL, Alhumaydhi FA, Alsagaby SA, Yadav DK, Hassan MI. Bioactive phytoconstituents as potent inhibitors of casein kinase-2: dual implications in cancer and COVID-19 therapeutics. RSC Adv 2022; 12:7872-7882. [PMID: 35424745 PMCID: PMC8982221 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09339h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a conserved serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in hematopoietic cell survival, cell cycle control, DNA repair, and other cellular processes. It plays a significant role in cancer progression and viral infection. CK2 is considered a potential drug target in cancers and COVID-19 therapy. In this study, we have performed a virtual screening of phytoconstituents from the IMPPAT database to identify some potential inhibitors of CK2. The initial filter was the physicochemical properties of the molecules following the Lipinski rule of five. Then binding affinity calculation, PAINS filter, ADMET, and PASS analyses followed by interaction analysis were carried out to discover nontoxic and better hits. Finally, two compounds, stylopine and dehydroevodiamines with appreciable affinity and specific interaction towards CK2, were identified. Their time-evolution analyses were carried out using all-atom molecular dynamics simulation, principal component analysis and free energy landscape. Altogether, we propose that stylopine and dehydroevodiamines can be further explored in in vitro and in vivo settings to develop anticancer and antiviral therapeutics. Showing protein–ligands interactions, electrostatic potential of CK2 bound to selected compounds, free energy landscapes of CK2-stylopine, and CK2-dehydroevodiamines complexes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Nayab Sulaimani
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ghulam Md. Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 21589
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar L. Bilgrami
- Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman A. Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11932, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City 21924, Korea
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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22
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Naqvi AAT, Anjum F, Shafie A, Badar S, Elasbali AM, Yadav DK, Hassan MI. Investigating host-virus interaction mechanism and phylogenetic analysis of viral proteins involved in the pathogenesis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261497. [PMID: 34914801 PMCID: PMC8675761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of yellow fever in the Americas and the devastating 1918 influenza pandemic, biologists and clinicians have been drawn to human infecting viruses to understand their mechanisms of infection better and develop effective therapeutics against them. However, the complex molecular and cellular processes that these viruses use to infect and multiply in human cells have been a source of great concern for the scientific community since the discovery of the first human infecting virus. Viral disease outbreaks, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus, have claimed millions of lives and caused significant economic damage worldwide. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of host-virus interaction and the molecular machinery involved in the pathogenesis of some common human viruses. We also performed a phylogenetic analysis of viral proteins involved in host-virus interaction to understand the changes in the sequence organization of these proteins during evolution for various strains of viruses to gain insights into the viral origin's evolutionary perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sufian Badar
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, South Korea
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Shafie A, Khan S, Zehra, Mohammad T, Anjum F, Hasan GM, Yadav DK, Hassan MI. Identification of Phytoconstituents as Potent Inhibitors of Casein Kinase-1 Alpha Using Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2157. [PMID: 34959438 PMCID: PMC8707374 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase-1 alpha (CK1α) is a multifunctional protein kinase that belongs to the serine/threonine kinases of the CK1α family. It is involved in various signaling pathways associated with chromosome segregation, cell metabolism, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, autophagy, etc. It has been known to involve in the progression of many diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, obesity, and behavioral disorders. The elevated expression of CK1α in diseased conditions facilitates its selective targeting for therapeutic management. Here, we have performed virtual screening of phytoconstituents from the IMPPAT database seeking potential inhibitors of CK1α. First, a cluster of compounds was retrieved based on physicochemical parameters following Lipinski's rules and PAINS filter. Further, high-affinity hits against CK1α were obtained based on their binding affinity score. Furthermore, the ADMET, PAINS, and PASS evaluation was carried out to select more potent hits. Finally, following the interaction analysis, we elucidated three phytoconstituents, Semiglabrinol, Curcusone_A, and Liriodenine, posturing considerable affinity and specificity towards the CK1α binding pocket. The result was further evaluated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, dynamical cross-correlation matrix (DCCM), and principal components analysis (PCA), which revealed that binding of the selected compounds, especially Semiglabrinol, stabilizes CK1α and leads to fewer conformational fluctuations. The MM-PBSA analysis suggested an appreciable binding affinity of all three compounds toward CK1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Shama Khan
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa;
| | - Zehra
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City 21924, Korea
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
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Wahiduzzaman, Kumar V, Anjum F, Shafie A, Elasbali AM, Islam A, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Delineating the Aggregation-Prone Hotspot Regions (Peptides) in the Human Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase 1. ACS Omega 2021; 6:33985-33994. [PMID: 34926946 PMCID: PMC8675042 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, incurable neurodegenerative disease described by progressive degeneration of motor neurons. The most common familial form of ALS (fALS) has been associated with mutations in the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene. Mutation-induced misfolding and aggregation of SOD1 is often found in ALS patients. In this work, we probe the aggregation properties of peptides derived from the SOD1. To examine the source of SOD1 aggregation, we have employed a computational algorithm to identify four peptides from the SOD1 protein sequence that aggregates into a fibril. Aided by computational algorithms, we identified four peptides likely involved in SOD1 fibrillization. These four aggregation-prone peptides were 14VQGIINFE21, 30KVWGSIKGL38, 101DSVISLS107, and 147GVIGIAQ153. In addition, the formation of fibril propensities from the identified peptides was investigated through different biophysical techniques. The atomic structures of two fibril-forming peptides from the C-terminal SOD1 showed that the steric zippers formed by 101DSVISLS107 and 147GVIGIAQ153 vary in their arrangement. We also discovered that fALS mutations in the peptide 147GVIGIAQ153 increased the fibril-forming propensity and altered the steric zipper's packing. Thus, our results suggested that the C-terminal peptides of SOD1 have a central role in amyloid formation and might be involved in forming the structural core of SOD1 aggregation observed in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahiduzzaman
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Amity
Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida, UP 201303, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Clinical
Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
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25
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Anwar S, Khan S, Anjum F, Shamsi A, Khan P, Fatima H, Shafie A, Islam A, Hassan MI. Myricetin inhibits breast and lung cancer cells proliferation via inhibiting MARK4. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:359-374. [PMID: 34751461 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Identifying novel molecules as potential kinase inhibitors are gaining significant attention globally. The present study suggests Myricetin as a potential inhibitor of microtubule-affinity regulating kinase (MARK4), adding another molecule to the existing list of anticancer therapeutics. MARK4 regulates initial cell division steps and is a potent druggable target for various cancers. Structure-based docking with 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation depicted activity of Myricetin in the active site pocket of MARK4 and the formation of a stable complex. The fluorescence-based assay showed excellent affinity of Myricetin to MARK4 guided by static and dynamic quenching. Moreover, the assessment of enthalpy change (∆H) and entropy change (∆S) delineated electrostatic interactions as a dominant force in the MARK4-myricetin interaction. Isothermal titration calorimetric measurements revealed spontaneous binding of Myricetin with MARK4. Further, the kinase assay depicted significant inhibition of MARK4 by Myricetin with IC50 = 3.11 µM. Additionally, cell proliferation studies established that Myricetin significantly inhibited the cancer cells (MCF-7 and A549) proliferation, and inducing apoptosis. This study provides a solid rationale for developing Myricetin as a promising anticancer molecule in the MARK4 mediated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Anwar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Shama Khan
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Parvez Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Hera Fatima
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Khan FI, Ali S, Chen W, Anjum F, Shafie A, Hassan MI, Lai D. High-resolution MD simulation studies to get mechanistic insights into the urea-induced denaturation of human Sphingosine kinase 1. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:2839-2850. [PMID: 34749611 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211105095731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPhK1) is a crucial signaling enzyme involved in cell proliferation, cellular survival, stimulation of angiogenesis, and apoptosis prevention. Recently, we have reported the unfolding kinetics of SPhK1 using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. We found that SPhK1 showed a biphasic unfolding with an intermediate state (~ 4.0 M urea). OBJECTIVE We aim to understand the impact of MD simulation duration on the structure, function and dynamics of proteins. In order to get deeper insights into the folding mechanism an extended MD simulation is required. METHOD Here, we extended the MD simulations time scale from 100 to 300 ns on SPhK1 at increasing urea concentration to explore structural changes in the SPhK1. RESULTS The results suggested a constant form of the unfolding of SPhK1 upon extending the simulation time scale at different urea concentrations. Furthermore, we showed step by step unfolding and percentage of secondary structure contents in SPhK1 under the influence of urea at each concentration. CONCLUSION The results from the current work revealed a uniform pattern of the SPhK1 unfolding at different urea concentrations. This study provides deeper mechanistic insights into the urea-induced denaturation of SPhK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faez Iqbal Khan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan. China
| | - Shahid Ali
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou. China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu. China
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif. Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif. Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025. India
| | - Dakun Lai
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan. China
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Shafie A, Khan S, Batra S, Anjum F, Mohammad T, Alam S, Yadav DK, Islam A, Hassan MI. Investigating single amino acid substitutions in PIM1 kinase: A structural genomics approach. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258929. [PMID: 34679086 PMCID: PMC8535467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PIM1, is a serine/threonine proto-oncogene kinase, involved in many biological functions, including cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation, thus play a key role in oncogenesis. It plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of various hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia and prostate cancer. Mutations in PIM1, especially in its kinase domain, can induce abnormal structural changes and thus alter functionalities that can lead to disease progression and other complexities. Herein, we have performed an extensive analysis of the PIM1 mutations at sequence and structure level while utilizing state-of-the-art computational approaches. Based on the impact on PIM1, numerous pathogenic and destabilizing mutations were identified and subsequently analyzed in detail. Finally, two amino acid substitutions (W109C and F147C) in the kinase domain of PIM1 were selected to explore their impact on the PIM1 structure in a time evolution manner using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for 200 ns. MD results indicate significant conformational altercations in the structure of PIM1, especially upon F147C mutation. This study provides a significant insight into the PIM1 dysfunction upon single amino acid substitutions, which can be utilized to get insights into the molecular basis of PIM1-associated disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shama Khan
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sagar Batra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Shoaib Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, South Korea
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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28
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Mohammad T, Choudhury A, Habib I, Asrani P, Mathur Y, Umair M, Anjum F, Shafie A, Yadav DK, Hassan MI. Genomic Variations in the Structural Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and Their Deleterious Impact on Pathogenesis: A Comparative Genomics Approach. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:765039. [PMID: 34722346 PMCID: PMC8548870 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.765039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A continual rise in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global threat. The main problem comes when SARS-CoV-2 gets mutated with the rising infection and becomes more lethal for humankind than ever. Mutations in the structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2, i.e., the spike surface glycoprotein (S), envelope (E), membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N), and replication machinery enzymes, i.e., main protease (Mpro) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) creating more complexities towards pathogenesis and the available COVID-19 therapeutic strategies. This study analyzes how a minimal variation in these enzymes, especially in S protein at the genomic/proteomic level, affects pathogenesis. The structural variations are discussed in light of the failure of small molecule development in COVID-19 therapeutic strategies. We have performed in-depth sequence- and structure-based analyses of these proteins to get deeper insights into the mechanism of pathogenesis, structure-function relationships, and development of modern therapeutic approaches. Structural and functional consequences of the selected mutations on these proteins and their association with SARS-CoV-2 virulency and human health are discussed in detail in the light of our comparative genomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Arunabh Choudhury
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Insan Habib
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Purva Asrani
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Yash Mathur
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Umair
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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29
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Waseem R, Anwar S, Khan S, Shamsi A, Hassan MI, Anjum F, Shafie A, Islam A, Yadav DK. MAP/Microtubule Affinity Regulating Kinase 4 Inhibitory Potential of Irisin: A New Therapeutic Strategy to Combat Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10986. [PMID: 34681645 PMCID: PMC8537121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Irisin is a clinically significant protein playing a valuable role in regulating various diseases. Irisin attenuates synaptic and memory dysfunction, highlighting its importance in Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, Microtubule Affinity Regulating Kinase 4 (MARK4) is associated with various cancer types, uncontrolled neuronal migrations, and disrupted microtubule dynamics. In addition, MARK4 has been explored as a potential drug target for cancer and Alzheimer's disease therapy. Here, we studied the binding and subsequent inhibition of MARK4 by irisin. Irisin binds to MARK4 with an admirable affinity (K = 0.8 × 107 M-1), subsequently inhibiting its activity (IC50 = 2.71 µm). In vitro studies were further validated by docking and simulations. Molecular docking revealed several hydrogen bonds between irisin and MARK4, including critical residues, Lys38, Val40, and Ser134. Furthermore, the molecular dynamic simulation showed that the binding of irisin resulted in enhanced stability of MARK4. This study provides a rationale to use irisin as a therapeutic agent to treat MARK4-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Waseem
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (R.W.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Saleha Anwar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (R.W.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Shama Khan
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa;
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (R.W.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (R.W.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (R.W.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City 21924, Korea
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30
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Rea W, Sturch P, Anjum F. 676 Paediatric Circumcisions- Compliance with RCS Standards. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Variation in regional paediatric circumcision rates suggested some circumcisions were being performed unnecessarily. In 2016, the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) released a clinical commissioning guide on foreskin conditions to standardise the indications for circumcision. We retrospectively audited the foreskin procedure practice at our urology department and its adherence to RCS clinical commissioning guidance.
Method
We assessed electronic health records for all paediatric patients (<17 years) having undergone a foreskin procedure from 1st Jan 2018 to 1st Jan 2019. Records were assessed for referral source, trial of medical treatment (steroid cream), indication, operative management carried out, daycase or inpatient cases, and histological analysis.
Results
198 patients (mean age 8.7, range 2-16) underwent foreskin procedures in the set time frame. 98.9% were referred from GP surgery, and the remainder directly from A&E. 29.8% had documented trials of steroid creams prior to surgery. 51.5% of procedures were performed for ‘non-retractile foreskin’ and 11.6% for pathological phimosis. 87.4% of patients underwent circumcision and 11.1% had freeing of adhesions. All of procedures were performed as day-case. Histology was sent for 17.3% of circumcisions, with non-specific inflammation being the most common finding (46.7%), followed by lichen sclerosus (40%).
Conclusions
In our series large number of foreskin procedures were carried out over a 12-month period with a minority for the only absolute indication of pathological phimosis We have introduced stringent guidelines in the department since this audit, which will prevent circumcision in children who may otherwise avoid surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Rea
- Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford, United Kingdom
| | - P Sturch
- Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford, United Kingdom
| | - F Anjum
- Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford, United Kingdom
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31
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Anjum F, Mohammad T, Almalki AA, Akhtar O, Abdullaev B, Hassan MI. Phytoconstituents and Medicinal Plants for Anticancer Drug Discovery: Computational Identification of Potent Inhibitors of PIM1 Kinase. OMICS 2021; 25:580-590. [PMID: 34448628 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Natural products, medicinal plants, and phytoconstituents serve as important sources and accelerators for anticancer drug discovery, especially when they are combined with virtual screening and molecular simulations against molecular drug targets. Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim1 (PIM1) is involved in cell survival and proliferation, with great relevance for oncogenesis. PIM1 plays a major role in the progression of various common complex human cancers, including prostate cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and other hematopoietic malignancies. The overexpression of PIM1 leads to cancer progression, and thus it is considered as a potential target for drug design and development purposes. Here, we report original in silico findings by employing structure-based virtual screening to discover potential phytoconstituents from the medicinal plants-based compounds, which could inhibit the PIM1 activity, using the IMPPAT (a curated database of Indian Medicinal Plants, Phytochemistry And Therapeutics) database. The initial hits were selected based on their binding affinity toward PIM1 calculated through the molecular docking approach. Subsequently, interaction analyses and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for 100 ns was carried out to study the conformational dynamics and complex stability of PIM1 with the identified compounds. Importantly, we found that PIM1 forms stable protein-ligand complexes with the phytoconstituents Dehydrotectol and Nordracorubin in particular. Our findings suggest that identified phytoconstituents Dehydrotectol and Nordracorubin bind to PIM1 in ATP-competitive binding mode. These findings and the compounds reported herein warrant further exploration as promising scaffolds for anticancer drug design, discovery, and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdulraheem Ali Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Akhtar
- Department of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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32
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Anjum F, Ali F, Mohammad T, Shafie A, Akhtar O, Abdullaev B, Hassan I. Discovery of Natural Compounds as Potential Inhibitors of Human Carbonic Anhydrase II: An Integrated Virtual Screening, Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. OMICS 2021; 25:513-524. [PMID: 34255561 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) is one of the zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide, leading to the formation of bicarbonate and proton. CAII plays a significant role in health and disease. For example, CAII helps to maintain eye pressure while regulating the pH of the tumor microenvironment, and by extension, contributing to cancer progression. Owing to its remarkable role in cancer, visual health, and other human diseases, CAII can serve as an attractive therapeutic target. We report an original study based on high-throughput virtual screening of natural compounds from the ZINC database in search of potential inhibitors of CAII. We selected the hits based on the physicochemical, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties, pan-assay interference compound (PAINS) patterns, and interaction analysis. Importantly, two natural compounds were identified, ZINC08918123 and ZINC00952700, bearing considerable affinity and specific interactions to the residues of the CAII-binding pocket with well-organized conformational fitting compatibility. We investigated the conformational dynamics of CAII in complex with the identified compounds through molecular dynamics simulation, which revealed the formation of a stable complex preserved throughout the 100 ns trajectories. The stability of the protein/ligand complexes is maintained by significant numbers of noncovalent interactions throughout the simulations. In conclusion, natural compounds identified in the present study specifically and computer-assisted drug design broadly offer a reliable resource and strategy to discover potential promising therapeutic inhibitors of CAII to cure various cancers and glaucoma after further experimental validation and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Akhtar
- Department of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Umair M, Khan S, Mohammad T, Shafie A, Anjum F, Islam A, Hassan MI. Impact of single amino acid substitution on the structure and function of TANK-binding kinase-1. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1475-1490. [PMID: 34237165 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in various signaling pathways and subsequently regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, antiviral and antitumor immunity. Dysfunction of TBK1 can cause many complex diseases, including autoimmunity, neurodegeneration, and cancer. This dysfunction of TBK1 may result from single amino acid substitutions and subsequent structural alterations. This study analyzed the effect of substituting amino acids on TBK1 structure, function, and subsequent disease using advanced computational methods and various tools. In the initial assessment, a total of 467 mutations were found to be deleterious. After that, in detailed structural and sequential analyses, 13 mutations were found to be pathogenic. Finally, based on the functional importance, two variants (K38D and S172A) of the TBK1 kinase domain were selected and studied in detail by utilizing all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for 200 ns. MD simulation, including correlation matrix and principal component analysis, helps to get deeper insights into the TBK1 structure at the atomic level. We observed a substantial change in variants' conformation, which may be possible for structural alteration and subsequent TBK1 dysfunction. However, substitution S172A shows a significant conformational change in TBK1 structure as compared to K38D. Thus, this study provides a structural basis to understand the effect of mutations on the kinase domain of TBK1 and its function associated with disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Umair
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Shama Khan
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Anwar S, Khan S, Shamsi A, Anjum F, Shafie A, Islam A, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Structure-based investigation of MARK4 inhibitory potential of Naringenin for therapeutic management of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1445-1459. [PMID: 34121218 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 (MARK4) is a member of serine/threonine kinase family and considered an attractive drug target for many diseases. Screening of Indian Medicinal Plants, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutics (IMPPAT) using virtual high-throughput screening coupled with enzyme assay suggested that Naringenin (NAG) could be a potent inhibitor of MARK4. Structure-based molecular docking analysis showed that NAG binds to the critical residues found in the active site pocket of MARK4. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies for 100 ns have delineated the binding mechanism of NAG to MARK4. Results of MD simulation suggested that binding of NAG further stabilizes the structure of MARK4 by forming a stable complex. In addition, no significant conformational change in the MARK4 structure was observed. Fluorescence binding and isothermal titration calorimetric measurements revealed an excellent binding affinity of NAG to MARK4 with a binding constant (K) = 0.13 × 106 M-1 obtained from fluorescence binding studies. Further, enzyme inhibition studies showed that NAG has an admirable IC50 value of 4.11 µM for MARK4. Together, these findings suggest that NAG could be an effective MARK4 inhibitor that can potentially be used to treat cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Anwar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Shama Khan
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Habib I, Khan S, Mohammad T, Hussain A, Alajmi MF, Rehman T, Anjum F, Hassan MI. Impact of non-synonymous mutations on the structure and function of telomeric repeat binding factor 1. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:9053-9066. [PMID: 33982644 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1922313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Telomeric repeat binding factor 1 (TRF1) is one of the major components of the shelterin complex. It directly binds to the telomere and controls its function by regulating the telomerase acting on it. Several variations are reported in the TRF1 gene; some are associated with variety of diseases. Here, we have studied the structural and functional significance of these variations in the TRFH domain of TRF1. We have used cutting-edge computational methods such as SIFT, PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, Mutation Assessor, mCSM, SDM, STRUM, MAESTRO, and DUET to predict the effects of 124 mutations in the TRFH domain of TRF1. Out of 124 mutations, we have identified 12 deleterious mutations with high confidence based on their prediction. To see the impact of the finally selected mutations on the structure and stability of TRF1, all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on TRF1-Wild type (WT), L79R and P150R mutants for 200 ns were carried out. A significant conformational change in the structure of the P150R mutant was observed. Our integrated computational study provides a comprehensive understanding of structural changes in TRF1 incurred due to the mutations and subsequent function, leading to the progression of many diseases.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insan Habib
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Shama Khan
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Jairajpuri DS, Hussain A, Nasreen K, Mohammad T, Anjum F, Tabish Rehman M, Mustafa Hasan G, Alajmi MF, Imtaiyaz Hassan M. Identification of natural compounds as potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease using combined docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2423-2431. [PMID: 33526965 PMCID: PMC7839507 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged from China and globally affected the entire population through the human-to-human transmission of a newly emerged virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The genome of SARS-CoV-2 encodes several proteins that are essential for multiplication and pathogenesis. The main protease (Mpro or 3CLpro) of SARS-CoV-2 plays a central role in its pathogenesis and thus is considered as an attractive drug target for the drug design and development of small-molecule inhibitors. We have employed an extensive structure-based high-throughput virtual screening to discover potential natural compounds from the ZINC database which could inhibit the Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. Initially, the hits were selected on the basis of their physicochemical and drug-like properties. Subsequently, the PAINS filter, estimation of binding affinities using molecular docking, and interaction analyses were performed to find safe and potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. We have identified ZINC02123811 (1-(3-(2,5,9-trimethyl-7-oxo-3-phenyl-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-6-yl)propanoyl)piperidine-4-carboxamide), a natural compound bearing appreciable affinity, efficiency, and specificity towards the binding pocket of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The identified compound showed a set of drug-like properties and preferentially binds to the active site of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to evaluate the conformational dynamics, stability and interaction mechanism of Mpro with ZINC02123811. MD simulation results indicated that Mpro with ZINC02123811 forms a stable complex throughout the trajectory of 100 ns. These findings suggest that ZINC02123811 may be further exploited as a promising scaffold for the development of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro to address COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeba Shamim Jairajpuri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, P.O. Box 22971, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalida Nasreen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173 Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F. Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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Shamsi S, Anjum H, Shahbaaz M, Khan MS, Ataya FS, Alamri A, Alhumaydhi FA, Husain FM, Rehman MT, Mohammad T, Islam A, Anjum F, Shamsi A. A computational study on active constituents of Habb-ul-aas and Tabasheer as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:7702-7713. [PMID: 33759703 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1900920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A respiratory pandemic known as coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has created havoc since it emerged from Wuhan, China. COVID-19 is caused by a newly emerged SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) with increased pathogenicity named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to the lack of understanding of the mechanism of pathogenesis, an effective therapeutic option is unavailable. Epidemics described in Unani ancient literature include nazla-e-wabai and humma-e-wabai, and most of the symptoms of COVID-19 resemble nazla-e-wabai. Hence, in light of Unani literature, the treatment of COVID-19 can be managed with the composites prescribed in Unani medicine for nazla-e-wabai. In this study, a structure-based drug design approach was carried out to check the effectiveness of the pharmacologically active constituents of the Unani composites prescribed to treat nazla-e-wabai against SARS-CoV-2. We performed molecular docking of the active constituents of these composites against the main protease (Mpro), a potential drug target in SARS-CoV-2. Using detailed molecular docking analysis, Habb-ul-aas and Tabasheer were identified as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The active constituents of both these composites bind to the substrate-binding pocket of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, forming interactions with key residues of the binding pocket. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation suggested the binding of active constituents of Habb-ul-aas with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro with a strong affinity as compared to the constituents of Tabasheer. Thus, this study sheds light on the use of these Unani composites in COVID-19 therapeutics.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariq Shamsi
- Department of Ilmul Saidla (Unani Pharmacy), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, Bangalore, India
| | - Hina Anjum
- Department of Ilmul Saidla (Unani Pharmacy), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, Bangalore, India
| | - Mohd Shahbaaz
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.,Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid S Ataya
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alya Alamri
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fohad Mabood Husain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India.,Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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38
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Alzahrani R, Alrehaili AA, Gharib AF, Anjum F, Ismail KA, Elsawy WH. Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A as a Molecular Marker for Aggressiveness and Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer Prev 2020; 25:21-26. [PMID: 32266176 PMCID: PMC7113414 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2020.25.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) has been identified as one of the most commonly altered proteins in human cancers. It blocks the tumor-suppressive action of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complex and enhances malignancy. Thirty-five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity underwent surgical resection of the tumor. CIP2A was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR in the resected tumor tissues and in their adjacent normal tissues. CIP2A was found to be overexpressed in all oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) specimens in comparison to their surrounding normal tissue. CIP2A overexpression was statistically correlated with poor prognostic feature of the tumor. Thus, a high expression level of CIP2A was associated with shorter survival. In conclusion, CIP2A is upregulated in OSCC, and its overexpression is correlated with aggressiveness of the tumor and poor outcome and survival. It may serve as a prognostic marker of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajab Alzahrani
- Department of Surgery, Medical College, Albaha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani A Alrehaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadiga A Ismail
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael H Elsawy
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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39
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Naseer S, Afzal M, Nisa A, Hussain S, Ahmad M, Parveen S, Anjum F, Riaz M. Extraction of brown dye from Eucalyptusbark and its applications in food storage. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2019.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Naseer
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, DHA Phase VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M.S. Afzal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - A. Nisa
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - S. Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, DHA Phase VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M.A. Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, DHA Phase VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S. Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, DHA Phase VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F. Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, Govt College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M. Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
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40
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Bukhari SA, Tahir MF, Akhter N, Anjum F, Anwar H, Mustafa G. Phylogeny and comparative modeling of phytochelatin synthase from Chlorella sp. as an efficient bioagent for detoxification of heavy metals. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:1191-1197. [PMID: 30334412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytochelatins (PCs) found extensively in algae and plants are important for detoxification of heavy metals from soil and wastewater, and their synthesis is mediated by an enzyme phytochelatin synthase (PCS). In this study, a phylogram was generated to study evolutionary relationships of PCS from various organisms. It was revealed that PCS from green algae and plants are orthologs as both have evolved from a common ancestor. PCS from cyanobacteria appeared in two different clades showing that they have followed different lineages during evolution. Structural modeling was also carried out by building a 3D model of PCS from Chlorella variabilis using software Modeller v9.16. The predicted structure will be helpful for protein engineering strategies and to understand its interactions with other proteins. The biological biosorption capacity of Chlorella vulgaris (a green alga) was determined to remove Cd, Cu and Pb from industrial effluents. The biosorption of three heavy metals from industrial waste water was investigated under various conditions like pH, biomass concentration, contact time and temperature. Bio-removal of heavy metals was carried out by exposing culture of C. vulgaris to water samples of different heavy metal concentrations. The decrease in Cd, Cu and Pb quantities after 1 to 7 days of incubation period were 83%, 84% and 82.5%, respectively. In view of this, Chlorella spp. could be used on a large scale to detoxify heavy metals and clean up contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bukhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M F Tahir
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Akhter
- College of Allied Health Professionals, Directorate of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - F Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - G Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Irshad A, Sharif S, Riaz M, Anjum F. An insight into nutritional profile of selected Pleurotus species. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:107-113. [PMID: 29504373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The global demand for good quality food indicates that consumers are more concerned about a particular diet associated with good health and lower risk for certain ailments. Mushrooms are widely used as healthy nutritious food. In the present study, the nutritional composition of four different Pleurotus sp. was determined. Prior to extraction, all the selected mushrooms were subjected for proximate composition analysis. The protein, fat, ash, total carbohydrate, fiber and energy contents were in the range of (16.07- 25.15%), (0.64-2.02%), (2.1-9.14%), (65.66-82.47%), (6.21-54.12%) and (342.20-394.30Kcal/100g), respectively. The spectrophotometric analysis showed that the concentration of protein was in the range of 45.78-33.47 mg/g in all Pleurotus sp. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of sugars showed six different mono and disaccharides in all the selected mushrooms. The fatty acid profile by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that the main fatty acids in selected mushrooms were present in the order linoliec acid> oleic acid> palmitic acid. The results suggested that all the Pleurotus sp. could be considered as a rich source of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Irshad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan
| | - S Sharif
- College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University-China
| | - M Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sargodha-Pakistan
| | - F Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Government College University, Faisalabad-Pakistan
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42
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Naqvi AAT, Anjum F, Khan FI, Islam A, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Sequence Analysis of Hypothetical Proteins from Helicobacter pylori 26695 to Identify Potential Virulence Factors. Genomics Inform 2016; 14:125-135. [PMID: 27729842 PMCID: PMC5056897 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2016.14.3.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacteria that is responsible for gastritis in human. Its spiral flagellated body helps in locomotion and colonization in the host environment. It is capable of living in the highly acidic environment of the stomach with the help of acid adaptive genes. The genome of H. pylori 26695 strain contains 1,555 coding genes that encode 1,445 proteins. Out of these, 340 proteins are characterized as hypothetical proteins (HP). This study involves extensive analysis of the HPs using an established pipeline which comprises various bioinformatics tools and databases to find out probable functions of the HPs and identification of virulence factors. After extensive analysis of all the 340 HPs, we found that 104 HPs are showing characteristic similarities with the proteins with known functions. Thus, on the basis of such similarities, we assigned probable functions to 104 HPs with high confidence and precision. All the predicted HPs contain representative members of diverse functional classes of proteins such as enzymes, transporters, binding proteins, regulatory proteins, proteins involved in cellular processes and other proteins with miscellaneous functions. Therefore, we classified 104 HPs into aforementioned functional groups. During the virulence factors analysis of the HPs, we found 11 HPs are showing significant virulence. The identification of virulence proteins with the help their predicted functions may pave the way for drug target estimation and development of effective drug to counter the activity of that protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Abu Turab Naqvi
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Female College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, Al-Taif 21974, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faez Iqbal Khan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Henan 450001, China
| | - Asimul Islam
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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Khan S, Jamal MS, Anjum F, Rasool M, Ansari A, Islam A, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Functional annotation of putative conserved proteins from Borrelia burgdorferi to find potential drug targets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1504/ijcbdd.2016.080099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Ghayas S, Shamim S, Anjum F, Hussain M. Prevalence and severity of depression among undergraduate students in Karachi, Pakistan: a cross sectional study. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i10.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Sahai A, Khan F, Anjum F, Dickinson IK, Marsh H, Sriprasad S. Efficacy of flexible ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy for lower pole renal calculi. Journal of Clinical Urology 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/2051415814531576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Our aim was to determine whether flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy is efficacious and safe in treating lower pole renal calculi. Materials and methods: Patient, procedure and stone data of patients who underwent flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy at our referral centre were collected prospectively between November 2005 and November 2011 and entered into a designated database. In all, 242 procedures were performed in 198 patients. Results: The mean age was 51.2 years. The mean calculi size was 10.51 mm (range 4–27 mm). Thirty seven patients had more than one stone in the lower pole. An access sheath was used in 19 patients (9.6%), 171 (86.4%) had a ureteric stent inserted after the procedure, and 165 patients had a single procedure. Re-operation rate was 16.7%. Stone-free rates after one procedure were 89%, 80% and 41%, respectively, for calculi measuring 4–10 mm ( n=107), 11–20 mm ( n=76) and > 20 mm ( n=15). The overall stone-free rate was 83%, 91% and 95% after one, two and three procedures, respectively. Conclusion: Flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment option for patients with 4–20 mm lower pole calculi. Staged procedures, however, become necessary as the size of the stone increases greater than 20 mm, and this should be mentioned when counselling patients for their primary procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sahai
- Department of Urology, Guy’s Hospital, UK
| | - F Khan
- Department of Urology, Darent Valley Hospital, UK
| | - F Anjum
- Department of Urology, Darent Valley Hospital, UK
| | - IK Dickinson
- Department of Urology, Darent Valley Hospital, UK
| | - H Marsh
- Department of Urology, Medway Maritime Hospital, UK
| | - S Sriprasad
- Department of Urology, Darent Valley Hospital, UK
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Khan F, Mukhtar S, Marsh H, Anjum F, Madaan S, Dickinson IK, Sriprasad S. Evaluation of the pressure leak test in increasing the lifespan of flexible ureteroscopes. Int J Clin Pract 2013; 67:1040-3. [PMID: 24073976 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Flexible ureteroscopes are expensive and delicate instruments that are integral in the offering of a minimally invasive technique of diagnosis and treatment of urolithiasis. Published literature has identified the importance of early damage recognition in preventing frequent use of the scope that would lead to further damage and high repair and replacement costs. Our study was designed to examine the outcome of the pressure leak test on the condition of flexible ureteroscopes after every use and analysing the damage and costs of maintenance. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective study was designed with two treatment groups. Group 1, 95 consecutive procedures (n = 95) of flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser fragmentation of renal calculi were performed with ACMI DUR 8, (a scope with no in-built leak test facility). This was compared against group 2, where 98 procedures of laser fragmentation of renal calculi (n = 98) were performed using Storz Flex X(2) Ureteroscopes (with a in-built leak test facility). All scopes in Group 2 were tested for pressure leak after every procedure and the outcome of the tests recorded. RESULTS Both groups were comparable for grade of surgeon; stone location, size & number; access sheath usage and duration of lasering. In Group 1, there were seven scope damages resulting in repairs/replacement amounting to costs $46264.40 (7.1% damage). In Group 2, three scopes revealed a positive pressure leak test, implying damage with repair costs of $9952.80 (3.1% damage) (p < 0.05). Significant cost savings and reduction in downtime were made in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS Pressure leak testing following flexible ureterorenoscopy helped to significantly control costs of maintenance and repair. Newer scopes should have a leak testing mechanism as it prevents further detrimental damage to the scope, build-up of repair costs are avoided and there is an increase in the longevity of these delicate instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Khan
- The Stone Centre, Department of Urology, Darent Valley Hospital, Kent, UK
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Thakur PK, Kumar J, Ray D, Anjum F, Hassan MI. Search of potential inhibitor against New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1 from a series of antibacterial natural compounds. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2013; 4:51-6. [PMID: 23633835 PMCID: PMC3633303 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.107260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1)-producing Gram-negative bacteria are today's major worldwide health concern. The enzyme NDM-1 provides bacterial resistance by its hydrolytic activity against the β-lactam ring of antibiotics. Inhibition of NDM-1 may prevent the hydrolysis of β-lactam ring of the antibiotics, and therefore, plays an important role against antibacterial resistance. Materials and Methods: Here we made an attempt to design suitable inhibitors against NDM-1 from different natural antibacterial compounds using molecular docking approach. Results: We observed that natural compounds such as Nimbolide and Isomargololone are showing an appreciable IC50 value as well as significant binding energy value for NDM-1. We further observed these compounds showing better affinity to NDM-1 on comparison with 14 β-lactam antibiotics. Conclusion: Finally, our study provides a platform for the development of a potent inhibitor of NDM-1, which may be considered as a potential drug candidate against bacterial resistance.
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Naz F, Anjum F, Islam A, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Microtubule Affinity-Regulating Kinase 4: Structure, Function, and Regulation. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 67:485-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
The Etruscan shrew, Suncus etruscus, is one of the smallest mammals. Etruscan shrews can recognize prey shape with amazing speed and accuracy, based on whisker-mediated tactile cues. Because of its small size, quantitative analysis of the Etruscan shrew cortex is more tractable than in other animals. To quantitatively assess the anatomy of the Etruscan shrew's brain, we sectioned brains and applied Nissl staining and NeuN (neuronal nuclei) antibody staining. On the basis of these stains, we estimated the number of neurons of 10 cortical hemispheres by using Stereoinvestigator and Neurolucida (MBF Bioscience) software. On average, the neuron number per hemisphere was found to be ~1 million. We also measured cortical surface area and found an average of 11.1 mm² (n = 7) and an average volume of 5.3 mm³ (n = 10) per hemisphere. We identified 13 cortical regions by cytoarchitectonic boundaries in coronal, sagittal, and tangential sections processed for Nissl substance, myelin, cytochrome oxidase, ionic zinc, neurofilaments, and vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2). The Etruscan shrew is a highly tactile animal with a large somatosensory cortex, which contains a barrel field, but the barrels are much less clearly defined than in rodents. The anatomically derived cortical partitioning scheme roughly corresponds to physiologically derived maps of neocortical sensory areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Naumann
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt University of Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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Beke S, Anjum F, Tsushima H, Ceseracciu L, Chieregatti E, Diaspro A, Athanassiou A, Brandi F. Towards excimer-laser-based stereolithography: a rapid process to fabricate rigid biodegradable photopolymer scaffolds. J R Soc Interface 2012; 9:3017-26. [PMID: 22696484 PMCID: PMC3479907 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate high-resolution photocross-linking of biodegradable poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) and diethyl fumarate (DEF) using UV excimer laser photocuring at 308 nm. The curing depth can be tuned in a micrometre range by adjusting the total energy dose (total fluence). Young's moduli of the scaffolds are found to be a few gigapascal, high enough to support bone formation. The results presented here demonstrate that the proposed technique is an excellent tool for the fabrication of stiff and biocompatible structures on a micrometre scale with defined patterns of high resolution in all three spatial dimensions. Using UV laser photocuring at 308 nm will significantly improve the speed of rapid prototyping of biocompatible and biodegradable polymer scaffolds and enables its production in a few seconds, providing high lateral and horizontal resolution. This short timescale is indeed a tremendous asset that will enable a more efficient translation of technology to clinical applications. Preliminary cell tests proved that PPF : DEF scaffolds produced by excimer laser photocuring are biocompatible and, therefore, are promising candidates to be applied in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beke
- Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, 16152 Genova, Italy.
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