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Summaka M, Jebahi F, Al-Thalaya Z, Assaf S, Al-Kammouni Z, Al Zein H, Haidar R, Kresht J, Hassan FEZ, Matar W, Kawtharani H, Kassir H. Verbal fluency in Lebanese children: Preliminary normative data, sociodemographic determinants, and patterns of clustering and switching. Appl Neuropsychol Child 2022:1-13. [PMID: 36441665 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2022.2150551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the quantitative and qualitative performance of Lebanese-speaking children on verbal fluency (VF) tasks and investigated the effects of sociodemographic characteristics. This study included 219 Lebanese children aged between 5 and 12 years and 11 months, whose native language is Lebanese-Arabic. Semantic and letter VF tasks were assessed using a range of categories and letters. Switching and clustering strategies were analyzed for 177 Lebanese children. The number of words produced presented a significant increase with age (p < .004) in semantic (SVF), while in letter (LVF), the differences were significant between extreme age groups. Females generated more words in the clothes (p = .003) and household items (p = .002) categories. The total number of switches and clusters showed a significantly increasing pattern with age (p < .05). The number of switches was higher for participants with high maternal (p < .001) and paternal (p < .013) educational levels. Regression analyses showed that the total number of switches and clusters, and the mean cluster size had a significant effect on SVF performance (p < .001). The current study generated preliminary norms for VF tasks for Lebanese-speaking children. The results of the current study have an important contribution to neuropsychology research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Summaka
- Department of Speech Therapy, Health, Rehabilitation, Integration and Research Center (HRIR), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fatima Jebahi
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Zahra Al-Thalaya
- Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salma Assaf
- Department of Speech Therapy, Islamic University of Lebanon, Choueifat, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeinab Al-Kammouni
- Department of Speech Therapy, Islamic University of Lebanon, Choueifat, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hanan Al Zein
- Department of Speech Therapy, Islamic University of Lebanon, Choueifat, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rayan Haidar
- Department of Speech Therapy, Islamic University of Lebanon, Choueifat, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jana Kresht
- Department of Speech Therapy, Islamic University of Lebanon, Choueifat, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Walaa Matar
- Department of Speech Therapy, Islamic University of Lebanon, Choueifat, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Kawtharani
- Department of Speech Therapy, Islamic University of Lebanon, Choueifat, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Kassir
- Department of Speech Therapy, Islamic University of Lebanon, Choueifat, Beirut, Lebanon
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