1
|
Poolwong J, Kracht F, Moinet E, Liang Y, D'Elia V, Anwander R. Samarium- and Ytterbium-Grafted Periodic Mesoporous Silica for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Conversion. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:17972-17984. [PMID: 37856826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized coordination compounds of Lewis acidic metals are powerful catalytic components of systems for the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides that do not require sophisticated coordination frameworks to harness the metal center and modulate its activity. Surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC) is a valuable methodology to prepare well-defined and site-isolated surface complexes and coordination compounds on metal oxides, with ligand environments easily adjustable to a targeted catalytic reaction. In this work, the SOMC methodology is applied to prepare SmII, YbII, and SmIII alkoxide surface complexes on periodic mesoporous (organo)silica of distinct pore symmetry/size for application in the CO2 cycloaddition reaction. The surface complexes are readily accessible by the grafting of the bis(trimethylsilyl)amide precursors LnII[N(SiMe3)2]2(THF)2 (Ln = Sm, Yb) and SmIII[N(SiMe3)2]3, followed by ligand exchange with alcohols (ethanol and neopentanol). The use of periodic mesoporous supports led to hybrid materials with relatively high surface areas and pore sizes, affording good performance in CO2 capture and in the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides under mild conditions (60-80 °C, 1-10 bar). In terms of catalytic performance, recyclability, and low amount of added nucleophile TBAX (X = Br, I), the most active materials prepared in this work compare well to a variety of previously reported SOMC-derived surface complexes and to other heterogeneous Lewis acids displaying more elaborate ligand environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitpisut Poolwong
- VISTEC Advanced Laboratory for Environment-Related Inorganic and Organic Syntheses, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 555 Moo1, Payupnai, WangChan, 21210 Rayong, Thailand
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Kracht
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eric Moinet
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yucang Liang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Valerio D'Elia
- VISTEC Advanced Laboratory for Environment-Related Inorganic and Organic Syntheses, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 555 Moo1, Payupnai, WangChan, 21210 Rayong, Thailand
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Katzenmayer MM, Kracht F, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Potential precursors for terminal ytterbium(II) imide complexes bearing the hydrotris(3- tert-butyl-5-methylpyrazolyl)borato ligand. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:6273-6283. [PMID: 37098700 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00861d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Monomeric, divalent ytterbium primary amides TptBu,MeYb(NHR)(thf)x (R = C6H3iPr2-2,6 = AriPr = Dipp, C6H3(CF3)2-3,5 = ArCF3, SiPh3) supported by the bulky hydrotris(3-tBu-5-Me-pyrazolyl)borato scorpionate ligand are synthesized acccording to salt metathesis and protonolysis protocols, respectively. Yb(II) precursors comprise YbI2(thf)2, Yb[N(SiMe3)2]2(thf)2 and TptBu,MeYb[N(SiMe3)2]. Complexes TptBu,MeYb(NHR)(thf)x readily engage in donor (thf) exchange with nitrogen donors like DMAP (4-dimethylaminopyridine) and pyridine. Treatment of TptBu,MeYb(NHArCF3)(thf)2 with the Lewis acids AlMe3 and GaMe3 results in the heterobimetallic complexes TptBu,MeYb(NHArCF3)(MMe3) (M = Al, Ga). Reactions of TptBu,MeYb(NHR)(thf)x (R = AriPr, ArCF3) with the halogenating agents C2Cl6 and TeBr4 give access to trivalent complexes [TptBu,MeYb(NHR)(X)] (X = Cl, Br). The ytterbium(II) complexes under study display 171Yb NMR chemical shifts in the range 582 ppm for TptBu,MeYb(NHArCF3)(GaMe3) to 954 ppm for TptBu,MeYb(NHSiPh3)(dmap). The salt-metathesis route is also applicable for the synthesis of complexes TptBu,MeLn(NHAriPr)(thf) (Ln = Sm, Eu) and TptBu,MeYb(NHArMe) (ArMe = C6H3Me2-2,6).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus M Katzenmayer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Felix Kracht
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Spiridopoulos G, Kramer M, Kracht F, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. [(CH 3 )Al(CH 2 )] 12 : Methylaluminomethylene (MAM-12). Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200823. [PMID: 35638696 PMCID: PMC9544092 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The molecular structure of enigmatic “poly(aluminium‐methyl‐methylene)” (first reported in 1968) has been unraveled in a transmetalation reaction with gallium methylene [Ga8(CH2)12] and AlMe3. The existence of cage‐like methylaluminomethylene moieties was initially suggested by the reaction of rare‐earth‐metallocene complex [Cp*2Lu{(μ‐Me)2AlMe2}] with excess AlMe3 affording the deca‐aluminium cluster [Cp*4Lu2(μ3‐CH2)12Al10(CH3)8] in low yield (Cp*=C5Me5). Treatment of [Ga8(CH2)12] with excess AlMe3 reproducibly gave the crystalline dodeca‐aluminium complex [(CH3)12Al12(μ3‐CH2)12] (MAM‐12). Revisiting a previous approach to “poly(aluminium‐methyl‐methylene” by using a (C5H5)2TiCl2/AlMe3 (1 : 100) mixture led to amorphous solids displaying solubility behavior and spectroscopic features similar to those of crystalline MAM‐12. The gallium methylene‐derived MAM‐12 was used as an efficient methylene transfer reagent for ketones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Spiridopoulos
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Kramer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Kracht
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mortis A, Kracht F, Berger T, Lebon J, Maichle-Moessmer C, Anwander R. Rare-earth-metal trimethylsilylmethyl ate complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 52:44-51. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03491c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
En route to putative rare-earth-metal alkylidene complex Li[Lu(CH2SiMe3)2(CHSiMe3)], according to Schumann’s original protocol, the reaction of YCl3 with LiCH2SiMe3 in a mixture of diethyl ether and n-pentane afforded a neosilyl...
Collapse
|
5
|
Kracht F, Boekholt M, Schumacher-Schönert F, Nikelski A, Chikhradze N, Lücker P, Vollmar HC, Hoffmann W, Kreisel SH, Thyrian JR. Describing people with cognitive impairment and their complex treatment needs during routine care in the hospital - cross-sectional results of the intersec-CM study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:425. [PMID: 34253180 PMCID: PMC8276375 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is an important determinant in health care. In the acute hospital setting cognition has a strong impact on treatment and care. Cognitive impairment can negatively affect diagnostics and treatment success. However, little is known about the individual situation and specific risks of people with cognitive impairments during hospital stays. The aim of the present research is to describe and analyze the treatment needs of people with cognitive impairments in acute hospital care. METHODS The analyses use baseline data of the ongoing multisite, longitudinal, randomized controlled intervention trial intersec-CM (Supporting elderly people with cognitive impairment during and after hospital stays with Intersectoral Care Management), which recruited 402 participants at baseline. We assessed sociodemographic aspects, cognitive status, functional status, frailty, comorbidities, level of impairment, formal diagnosis of dementia, geriatric diagnoses, delirium, depression, pharmacological treatment, utilization of health care services and health care related needs. RESULTS The sample under examination had been on average mildly cognitively impaired (MMSE M = 22.3) and had a mild to moderate functional impairment (Barthel Index M = 50.4; HABAM M = 19.1). The Edmonton Frail Scale showed a mean of 7.4 and half of the patients (52.3%) had been assigned a care level. About 46.9% had a geriatric diagnosis, 3.0% had a diagnosis of dementia. According to DSM-V 19.2% of the patients had at least one main symptom of depression. The mean number of regularly taken drugs per patient was 8.2. Utilization of health care services prior to the hospital stay was rather low. On average, the sample showed 4.38 care related needs in general, of which 0.60 needs were unaddressed at the time of assessment. CONCLUSIONS Descriptive analyses highlight an in-depth insight into impairments and different care needs of people with cognitive impairments. The results emphasize the need for gender-specific analyses as well as an increased attention to the heterogeneity of needs of people with cognitive impairments related to specific wards, settings and regions where they are admitted. Our results indicate also that people with cognitive impairments represent a high proportion of older patients in acute hospital care. TRIAL REGISTRATION The intersec-CM trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT03359408 ).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Kracht
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), site Rostock/ Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - M Boekholt
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), site Rostock/ Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - F Schumacher-Schönert
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), site Rostock/ Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Nikelski
- Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Universitätsklinikum OWL der Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - N Chikhradze
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine (AM RUB), Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), Bochum, Germany
| | - P Lücker
- Institute for Community Medicine, Section of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - H C Vollmar
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine (AM RUB), Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), Bochum, Germany
| | - W Hoffmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), site Rostock/ Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, Section of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S H Kreisel
- Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Universitätsklinikum OWL der Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - J R Thyrian
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), site Rostock/ Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
- Institute for Community Medicine, Section of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Birkelbach VM, Kracht F, Dietrich HM, Stuhl C, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. A Rare-Earth-Metal Ensemble of the Tebbe Reagent: Scope of Coligands and Carbonyl Olefination. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena M. Birkelbach
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Kracht
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - H. Martin Dietrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Stuhl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mensel B, Kühn JP, Kracht F, Völzke H, Lieb W, Dabers T, Lorbeer R. Prevalence of renal cysts and association with risk factors in a general population: an MRI-based study. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018; 43:3068-3074. [PMID: 29550955 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prevalence and size of renal cysts and to analyze associated risk factors in a general population using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS Data of 2063 participants (1052 women) of the Study of Health in Pomerania who underwent whole-body MRI were included. Renal cyst prevalence was calculated separately for men and women and for 10-year age groups. The association between risk factors and occurrence of renal cysts was estimated. RESULTS The prevalence of renal cysts was 27% and higher in men (34%) than in women (21%; p < 0.001). Renal cyst prevalence increased from 14% in the youngest age group (20-29 years) to 55% in the oldest age group (≥ 70 years) for men and from 7% to 43% for women (both p < 0.001). In the subset of participants with renal cysts, the total mean number was higher in men (1.9) compared to women (1.6, p = 0.012) and was significantly associated with age. Mean renal cyst size was higher in men (1.50 cm) compared to women (1.18 cm, p < 0.001). Male sex (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.47; 2.26), older age (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04; 1.06, per 1-year increment), and hypertension (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.00; 1.61) were associated with higher renal cyst prevalence. In additional analyses, current smoking and ex-smoking showed a significantly higher risk for renal cysts (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.05; 2.05 and OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.04; 1.82, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence, number, and mean size of renal cysts are higher in men compared to women and are associated with age. In addition, renal cyst prevalence is higher in hypertensive and smoking subjects.
Collapse
|