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Heinze M, Schell M, Nägele FL, Cheng B, Flottmann F, Fiehler J, Schmidt-Lauber C, Thomalla G. Kidney dysfunction predicts 90 days mortality after stroke thrombectomy independent of cardiovascular risk factors and chronic kidney disease. Eur Stroke J 2024:23969873231224200. [PMID: 38193319 DOI: 10.1177/23969873231224200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kidney dysfunction (KD) is a risk factor for cerebrovascular events and has been shown to have a detrimental effect on outcome after stroke. We evaluated the influence of KD at admission and pre-existing diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) before thrombectomy for anterior circulation stroke on functional independence and mortality 90 days after stroke in this cross-sectional study. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included patients with acute ischemic stroke in the anterior circulation treated with thrombectomy at our hospital between June 2015 and May 2022. We analyzed clinical characteristics, laboratory values and pre-existing diagnosis of CKD. KD at admission was defined as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Outcomes were defined as a modified Rankin Scale Score of 0-2 for functional independence and mortality at 90 days. We fitted multivariate regression analysis to examine the influence of pre-treatment KD and pre-diagnosed CKD on outcome. RESULTS Nine hundred fifty-three patients were included in this analysis (mean age 73.8 years, 54.2% female). KD was present in 31.8%, and patients with KD were older and more often female, presented more often with comorbidities such as arterial hypertension, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation, and were less often independent before the index stroke. In multivariate analysis adjusted for age, independence before the index stroke, diabetes, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, initial NIHSS, thrombolysis treatment, and recanalization outcome, KD on admission had no significant influence on functional independence 90 days after stroke, but predicted mortality with an odds ratio of 1.80 (95% CI 1.23-2.63, p = 0.003). This influence also persisted when controlling for pre-diagnosed CKD (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.05-2.43, p = 0.027). DISCUSSION KD might function as a surrogate parameter for comorbidity burden and thus increased risk of mortality in this cohort. CONCLUSIONS KD on admission is associated with an 80% higher risk of mortality at 90 days after stroke thrombectomy independent of cardiovascular risk factors and CKD awareness. KD on admission should not exclude patients from thrombectomy but might support prognostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Heinze
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schell
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Leonard Nägele
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Cheng
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Flottmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Fiehler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Götz Thomalla
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Petersen M, Nägele FL, Mayer C, Schell M, Petersen E, Kühn S, Gallinat J, Fiehler J, Pasternak O, Matschke J, Glatzel M, Twerenbold R, Gerloff C, Thomalla G, Cheng B. Brain imaging and neuropsychological assessment of individuals recovered from a mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217232120. [PMID: 37220275 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217232120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have been shown to affect the central nervous system, the investigation of associated alterations of brain structure and neuropsychological sequelae is crucial to help address future health care needs. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment of 223 nonvaccinated individuals recovered from a mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection (100 female/123 male, age [years], mean ± SD, 55.54 ± 7.07; median 9.7 mo after infection) in comparison with 223 matched controls (93 female/130 male, 55.74 ± 6.60) within the framework of the Hamburg City Health Study. Primary study outcomes were advanced diffusion MRI measures of white matter microstructure, cortical thickness, white matter hyperintensity load, and neuropsychological test scores. Among all 11 MRI markers tested, significant differences were found in global measures of mean diffusivity (MD) and extracellular free water which were elevated in the white matter of post-SARS-CoV-2 individuals compared to matched controls (free water: 0.148 ± 0.018 vs. 0.142 ± 0.017, P < 0.001; MD [10-3 mm2/s]: 0.747 ± 0.021 vs. 0.740 ± 0.020, P < 0.001). Group classification accuracy based on diffusion imaging markers was up to 80%. Neuropsychological test scores did not significantly differ between groups. Collectively, our findings suggest that subtle changes in white matter extracellular water content last beyond the acute infection with SARS-CoV-2. However, in our sample, a mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection was not associated with neuropsychological deficits, significant changes in cortical structure, or vascular lesions several months after recovery. External validation of our findings and longitudinal follow-up investigations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Petersen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Leonard Nägele
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carola Mayer
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schell
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elina Petersen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Kühn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Fiehler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 202115 Boston, MA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 202 Boston, MA
| | - Jakob Matschke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251 Gemany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251 Gemany
| | - Raphael Twerenbold
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center, 202115 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Cheng
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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Petersen EL, Goßling A, Adam G, Aepfelbacher M, Behrendt CA, Cavus E, Cheng B, Fischer N, Gallinat J, Kühn S, Gerloff C, Koch-Gromus U, Härter M, Hanning U, Huber TB, Kluge S, Knobloch JK, Kuta P, Schmidt-Lauber C, Lütgehetmann M, Magnussen C, Mayer C, Muellerleile K, Münch J, Nägele FL, Petersen M, Renné T, Riedl KA, Rimmele DL, Schäfer I, Schulz H, Tahir E, Waschki B, Wenzel JP, Zeller T, Ziegler A, Thomalla G, Twerenbold R, Blankenberg S. Multi-organ assessment in mainly non-hospitalized individuals after SARS-CoV-2 infection: The Hamburg City Health Study COVID programme. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:1124-1137. [PMID: 34999762 PMCID: PMC8755397 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Long-term sequelae may occur after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We comprehensively assessed organ-specific functions in individuals after mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with controls from the general population. METHODS AND RESULTS Four hundred and forty-three mainly non-hospitalized individuals were examined in median 9.6 months after the first positive SARS-CoV-2 test and matched for age, sex, and education with 1328 controls from a population-based German cohort. We assessed pulmonary, cardiac, vascular, renal, and neurological status, as well as patient-related outcomes. Bodyplethysmography documented mildly lower total lung volume (regression coefficient -3.24, adjusted P = 0.014) and higher specific airway resistance (regression coefficient 8.11, adjusted P = 0.001) after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cardiac assessment revealed slightly lower measures of left (regression coefficient for left ventricular ejection fraction on transthoracic echocardiography -0.93, adjusted P = 0.015) and right ventricular function and higher concentrations of cardiac biomarkers (factor 1.14 for high-sensitivity troponin, 1.41 for N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, adjusted P ≤ 0.01) in post-SARS-CoV-2 patients compared with matched controls, but no significant differences in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings. Sonographically non-compressible femoral veins, suggesting deep vein thrombosis, were substantially more frequent after SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio 2.68, adjusted P < 0.001). Glomerular filtration rate (regression coefficient -2.35, adjusted P = 0.019) was lower in post-SARS-CoV-2 cases. Relative brain volume, prevalence of cerebral microbleeds, and infarct residuals were similar, while the mean cortical thickness was higher in post-SARS-CoV-2 cases. Cognitive function was not impaired. Similarly, patient-related outcomes did not differ. CONCLUSION Subjects who apparently recovered from mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection show signs of subclinical multi-organ affection related to pulmonary, cardiac, thrombotic, and renal function without signs of structural brain damage, neurocognitive, or quality-of-life impairment. Respective screening may guide further patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Larissa Petersen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alina Goßling
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Adam
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Aepfelbacher
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian-Alexander Behrendt
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ersin Cavus
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Cheng
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Fischer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Kühn
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Koch-Gromus
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Härter
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Uta Hanning
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kluge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes K. Knobloch
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Piotr Kuta
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Magnussen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carola Mayer
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Muellerleile
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Münch
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Leonard Nägele
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marvin Petersen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katharina Alina Riedl
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Leander Rimmele
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ines Schäfer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Enver Tahir
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Waschki
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Hospital Itzehoe, Pneumology, Itzehoe, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - Jan-Per Wenzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Hamburg, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Ziegler
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Cardio-CARE, Medizincampus Davos, Davos, Switzerland
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Götz Thomalla
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Raphael Twerenbold
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Hamburg, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Population Health Research Department, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Hamburg, Germany
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