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Gudenschwager-Basso EK, Shandra O, Volanth T, Patel DC, Kelly C, Browning JL, Wei X, Harris EA, Mahmutovic D, Kaloss AM, Correa FG, Decker J, Maharathi B, Robel S, Sontheimer H, VandeVord PJ, Olsen ML, Theus MH. Atypical Neurogenesis, Astrogliosis, and Excessive Hilar Interneuron Loss Are Associated with the Development of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy. Cells 2023; 12:1248. [PMID: 37174647 PMCID: PMC10177146 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant risk factor for post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the injury-induced epileptogenesis are under investigation. The dentate gyrus-a structure that is highly susceptible to injury-has been implicated in the evolution of seizure development. METHODS Utilizing the murine unilateral focal control cortical impact (CCI) injury, we evaluated seizure onset using 24/7 EEG video analysis at 2-4 months post-injury. Cellular changes in the dentate gyrus and hilus of the hippocampus were quantified by unbiased stereology and Imaris image analysis to evaluate Prox1-positive cell migration, astrocyte branching, and morphology, as well as neuronal loss at four months post-injury. Isolation of region-specific astrocytes and RNA-Seq were performed to determine differential gene expression in animals that developed post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE+) vs. those animals that did not (PTE-), which may be associated with epileptogenesis. RESULTS CCI injury resulted in 37% PTE incidence, which increased with injury severity and hippocampal damage. Histological assessments uncovered a significant loss of hilar interneurons that coincided with aberrant migration of Prox1-positive granule cells and reduced astroglial branching in PTE+ compared to PTE- mice. We uniquely identified Cst3 as a PTE+-specific gene signature in astrocytes across all brain regions, which showed increased astroglial expression in the PTE+ hilus. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that epileptogenesis may emerge following TBI due to distinct aberrant cellular remodeling events and key molecular changes in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oleksii Shandra
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Troy Volanth
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Dipan C. Patel
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Colin Kelly
- Translational Biology Medicine and Health Graduate Program, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Jack L. Browning
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Xiaoran Wei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA (E.A.H.)
| | - Elizabeth A. Harris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA (E.A.H.)
| | - Dzenis Mahmutovic
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Alexandra M. Kaloss
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA (E.A.H.)
| | | | - Jeremy Decker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Biswajit Maharathi
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Stefanie Robel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | | | - Pamela J. VandeVord
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | | | - Michelle H. Theus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA (E.A.H.)
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Center for Engineered Health, Viginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Smith BL, Lyons CE, Correa FG, Benoit SC, Myers B, Solomon MB, Herman JP. Behavioral and physiological consequences of enrichment loss in rats. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 77:37-46. [PMID: 28012292 PMCID: PMC5619656 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Significant loss produces the highest degree of stress and compromised well-being in humans. Current rodent models of stress involve the application of physically or psychologically aversive stimuli, but do not address the concept of loss. We developed a rodent model for significant loss, involving removal of long-term access to a rewarding enriched environment. Our results indicate that removal from environmental enrichment produces a profound behavioral and physiological phenotype with depression-like qualities, including helplessness behavior, hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis dysregulation and overeating. Importantly, this enrichment removal phenotype was prevented by antidepressant treatment. Furthermore, the effects of enrichment removal do not occur following relief from chronic stress and are not duplicated by loss of exercise or social contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L. Smith
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience
| | - Carey E Lyons
- University of Cincinnati, Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship Program
| | | | - Stephen C. Benoit
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience
| | - Brent Myers
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience
| | - Matia B. Solomon
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience
| | - James P. Herman
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience
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Silva JM, Toledo DO, Gulinelli A, Correa FG, Genga KR, Cezario T, Pinto M, Isola A, Rezende E. Influence of tissue perfusion on the outcome of high-risk surgical patients needing blood transfusion. Crit Care 2008. [PMCID: PMC4088447 DOI: 10.1186/cc6297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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