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Mukherjee F, Shi A, Wang X, You F, Abbott NL. Liquid Crystals as Multifunctional Interfaces for Trapping and Characterizing Colloidal Microplastics. Small 2023; 19:e2207802. [PMID: 36892170 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Identifying and removing microplastics (MPs) from the environment is a global challenge. This study explores how the colloidal fraction of MPs assemble into distinct 2D patterns at aqueous interfaces of liquid crystal (LC) films with the goal of developing surface-sensitive methods for identifying MPs. Polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) microparticles are measured to exhibit distinct aggregation patterns, with addition of anionic surfactant amplifying differences in PS/PE aggregation patterns: PS changes from a linear chain-like morphology to a singly dispersed state with increasing surfactant concentration whereas PE forms dense clusters at all surfactant concentrations. Statistical analysis of assembly patterns using deep learning image recognition models yields accurate classification, with feature importance analysis confirming that dense, multibranched assemblies are unique features of PE relative to PS. Microscopic characterization of LC ordering at the microparticle surfaces leads to predict LC-mediated interactions (due to elastic strain) with a dipolar symmetry, a prediction consistent with the interfacial organization of PS but not PE. Further analysis leads to conclude that PE microparticles, due to their polycrystalline nature, possess rough surfaces that lead to weak LC elastic interactions and enhanced capillary forces. Overall, the results highlight the potential utility of LC interfaces for rapid identification of colloidal MPs based on their surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Mukherjee
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Anye Shi
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Fengqi You
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Nicholas L Abbott
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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Bang RS, Bergman M, Li T, Mukherjee F, Alshehri AS, Abbott NL, Crook NC, Velev OD, Hall CK, You F. An integrated chemical engineering approach to understanding microplastics. AIChE J 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.18020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Michael Bergman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Fiona Mukherjee
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | - Abdulelah S. Alshehri
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicholas L. Abbott
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | - Nathan C. Crook
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Orlin D. Velev
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Carol K. Hall
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Fengqi You
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
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Mukherjee F, Bahekar VS, Pasha SY, Kannan P, Prasad A, Rana SK, Kanani AN, Sharma GK, Premalatha D, Srinivasan VA. Isolation and analysis of the molecular epidemiology and zoonotic significance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in domestic and wildlife ruminants from three states in India. REV SCI TECH OIE 2019; 37:999-1012. [PMID: 30964453 DOI: 10.20506/rst.37.3.2902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The majority of tuberculosis cases in ruminants are caused by Mycobacterium bovis (MB). However, in this study, the authors reported the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) from bovine milk, nasal swabs and post-mortem tissue samples (n = 841) collected from cattle and buffaloes in the states of Telangana, Maharashtra and Gujarat in India in the period from 2010 to 2015. The isolates (n = 7) were confirmed as Mycobacterium due to their growth characteristics and colony morphology in a commercial liquid medium Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT)™ employing the BD BACTEC™ MGIT™ 960 system and the Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium supplemented with glycerol but not with sodium pyruvate, and BD-DIFCO™ Middlebrook 7H10 agar containing oleic albumin dextrose catalase (OADC). These isolates were initially identified as members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTC) using a commercial nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kit based on the IS6110 MTC specific nucleotide sequence. The isolates were confirmed as MT using three commercial line probe assay kits, were further genotyped, and the spoligotypes identified were of East African Indian (EAI) 3_IND, EAI5, Central-Asian (CAS) 1_DELHI, U and T1 lineages. Two MT isolates from one antelope (Antilope cervipara) andone gazelle (Gazella bennettii) from Gujarat, which were identified previously, were spoligotyped during this study and identified as belonging to EAI3_IND and EAI5 lineages, respectively. The epidemiological significance and zoonotic implications of regional presence and documentation of the same or two differents poligotypes in different species within the family Bovidae as well as humans is discussed.
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Mukherjee F, Prasad A, Bahekar VS, Rana SK, Rajendra L, Sharma GK, Srinivasan VA. Evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a liposome containing Brucella abortus S19 outer membrane protein in BALB/c mice. Iran J Vet Res 2016; 17:1-7. [PMID: 27656221 PMCID: PMC4898012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of liposome as an adjuvant and a vaccine carrier has been cited previously in the literature. It has also been shown to be effective in enhancing the immunogenicity of vaccine candidates. BALB/c mice immunized subcutaneously with outer membrane protein (OMP) of Brucella abortus S19 vaccine strain entrapped in a commercial cationic liposome (S19-OMP-liposome) for vaccine delivery, showed enhanced protection (P<0.05) compared to groups of mice inoculated with S19 OMP alone, S19 live B. abortus vaccine and liposome alone, when challenged intra-peritoneally with virulent B. abortus strain 544 at 30 days post-immunization (DPI). The S19-OMP-liposome preparation was found to be safer compared to the live B. abortus S19 vaccine at 15 days post challenge (DPC), as evidenced by the significant difference in spleen weight between S19-OMP-liposome, S19 OMP and S19 live as well as the liposome control groups (P<0.01). Antibody isotype response profiles of the experimental groups indicated that the immune response was Th1 cell mediated. The protective advantage conferred to mice immunized with S19-OMP entrapped in liposome over those immunized with the live B. abortus S19 version, could probably be related to the significantly different response of IgG2b at 30 DPI (P<0.01), IgG2a (P<0.01), IgG2b (P<0.01) and IgG3 (P<0.05) at the DPC stages, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Mukherjee
- Research & Development Laboratory, National Dairy Development Board, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
- Authors contributed equally
| | - A. Prasad
- Research & Development Laboratory, National Dairy Development Board, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
- Department of Bio-Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
- Authors contributed equally
| | - V. S. Bahekar
- Research & Development Laboratory, National Dairy Development Board, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
| | - S. K. Rana
- Research & Development Laboratory, National Dairy Development Board, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
| | - L. Rajendra
- Research and Development, Santha Biotechnniques (AS Sanofi Company), Athivelly PlotNo. 4, Medchal, Ranga Reddy District, Hyderabad-501401, India
| | - G. K. Sharma
- Animal Health, National Dairy Development Board, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - V. A. Srinivasan
- Animal Health, National Dairy Development Board, 33 Telecom Nagar, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
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Mukherjee F. Comparative prevalence of tuberculosis in two dairy herds in India. REV SCI TECH OIE 2006; 25:1125-30. [PMID: 17361775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Holstein Friesian cows and their crossbred progeny on a farm in northern India were tested for tuberculosis (TB) infection using a single intradermal tuberculin test. The results showed that the animals persistently harboured TB infection for periods of two to four years. The recent comparative intradermal tuberculin test revealed that at least five out of nine of these cattle reacted positively to bovine tuberculin purified protein derivative. A high (15.76%) prevalence rate resulted because none of the infected animals had been segregated or culled from the herd since the first incidence was detected in 1992. In contrast, another farm in western India that practiced segregation and culling was able to contain the level of prevalence of TB between 0.65% and 1.85%. These findings call for stricter regulations on the management of TB at farm, state and country level and a revision in the mode of breeding programmes adopted by farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mukherjee
- Research and Development, National Dairy Development Board, Anand, Gujarat 388 001, India
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