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Estévez-Sarmiento F, Saavedra E, Brouard I, Peyrac J, Hernández-Garcés J, García C, Quintana J, Estévez F. Guanidine Derivatives Containing the Chalcone Skeleton Are Potent Antiproliferative Compounds against Human Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415518. [PMID: 36555165 PMCID: PMC9779571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of eleven synthetic guanidines containing the 1,3-diphenylpropenone core on the viabilities of six human cancer cells. The most cytotoxic compound against human cancer cells of this series contains a N-tosyl group and a N-methylpiperazine moiety 6f. It was cytotoxic against leukemia cells (U-937, HL-60, MOLT-3, and NALM-6) with significant effects against Bcl-2-overexpressing U-937/Bcl-2 cells as well as the human melanoma SK-MEL-1 cell line. It exhibited low cytotoxicity against quiescent or proliferating human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The IC50 value for the leukemia U-937 cells was 1.6 ± 0.6 µM, a similar value to that in the antineoplastic agent etoposide. The guanidine containing a N-phenyl substituent 6i was also as cytotoxic as the guanidine containing the N-tosyl substituent and the N-methylpiperazine group 6f against human U-937 leukemia cells and both synthetic guanidines were potent apoptotic inducers. Cell death was mediated by the activation of the initiator caspase-9 and the executioner caspase-3, and associated with the release of cytochrome c. These synthetic guanidines are potent cytotoxic compounds against several human leukemia cells and even the human melanoma cell line SK-MEL-1 and might be useful in the development of new strategies in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Fisiología, Genética e Inmunología, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Grupo de Química Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +34-928-451443; Fax: +34-928-451441
| | - Ester Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Fisiología, Genética e Inmunología, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Grupo de Química Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ignacio Brouard
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Jesús Peyrac
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Judith Hernández-Garcés
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica AG, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna (Tenerife), 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Celina García
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica AG, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna (Tenerife), 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Fisiología, Genética e Inmunología, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Grupo de Química Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Fisiología, Genética e Inmunología, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Grupo de Química Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Estévez-Sarmiento F, Saavedra E, Ruiz-Estévez M, León F, Quintana J, Brouard I, Estévez F. Chlorinated Guaiane-Type Sesquiterpene Lactones as Cytotoxic Agents against Human Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249767. [PMID: 33371413 PMCID: PMC7767465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Guaiane-type sesquiterpene lactones are naturally occurring compounds which have attracted attention due to their array of biological activities. In this study, chlorinated guaianolides 1-8, isolated from plants of the genus Centaurea, were evaluated against the human leukemia cell lines HL-60, U-937, a specific U-937 cell line that overexpresses the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein and the human melanoma cell line SK-MEL-1. This established the relevant structure-growth inhibition relationships. Chlorohyssopifolins A (1), C (3) and D (4) and linichlorin A (6) were the most potent compounds in terms of inducing growth inhibition in the four cell lines. IC50 values were below 10 μM in all cases. Chlorohyssopifolins A (1) and D (4) and linichlorin A (6) were potent apoptotic inducers in human U-937 leukemia cells, as determined by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry, and their mechanism of action was associated with cytochrome c release, caspase activation and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase cleavage. Overall this study shows that guaianolides induce cytotoxicity against human tumor cells and provides important insights into the cell death pathways that are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Grupo de Química Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (F.E.-S.); (E.S.); (J.Q.)
| | - Ester Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Grupo de Química Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (F.E.-S.); (E.S.); (J.Q.)
| | | | - Francisco León
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Grupo de Química Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (F.E.-S.); (E.S.); (J.Q.)
| | - Ignacio Brouard
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Grupo de Química Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (F.E.-S.); (E.S.); (J.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-928-451443
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Saavedra E, Estévez-Sarmiento F, Said M, Eiroa JL, Rubio S, Quintana J, Estévez F. Cytotoxicity of the Sesquiterpene Lactone Spiciformin and Its Acetyl Derivative against the Human Leukemia Cell Lines U-937 and HL-60. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082782. [PMID: 32316340 PMCID: PMC7215469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Spiciformin (1) is a sesquiterpene lactone with a germacrane skeleton that is found in two Tanacetum species endemic to the Canary Islands. In this study, the cytotoxicities of 1 and its acetyl derivative (2) were evaluated against human tumor cells. These sesquiterpene lactones were cytotoxic against human acute myeloid leukemia (U-937 and HL-60) cells, even in cells over-expressing the pro-survival protein Bcl-2, but melanoma (SK-MEL-1) and human mononuclear cells isolated from blood of healthy donors were more resistant. Both compounds are apoptotic inducers in human leukemia U-937 cells. Cell death was mediated by the processing and activation of initiator and effector caspases and the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and it was blocked by a broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor and (in the case of sesquiterpene lactone 2) by the selective caspase-3/7, -8, and -9 inhibitors. In addition, certainly in the case of compound 2, this was found to be associated with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway, and generation of reactive oxygen species. It will, therefore, be relevant to continue characterization of this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - Mercedes Said
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - José Luis Eiroa
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;
| | - Sara Rubio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-928-451443
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Romagnoli R, Prencipe F, Lopez-Cara LC, Oliva P, Baraldi S, Baraldi PG, Estévez-Sarmiento F, Quintana J, Estévez F. Synthesis and biological evaluation of alpha-bromoacryloylamido indolyl pyridinyl propenones as potent apoptotic inducers in human leukaemia cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:727-742. [PMID: 29620429 PMCID: PMC6009983 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1450749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of two pharmacophores into a single molecule represents one of the methods that can be adopted for the synthesis of new anticancer molecules. To investigate the influence of the position of the pyridine nitrogen on biological activity, two different series of α-bromoacryloylamido indolyl pyridinyl propenones 3a-h and 4a-d were designed and synthesized by a pharmacophore hybridization approach and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of six human cancer cell lines. These hybrid molecules were prepared to combine the α-bromoacryloyl moiety with two series of indole-inspired chalcone analogues, possessing an indole derivative and a 3- or 4-pyridine ring, respectively, linked on either side of 2-propen-1-one system. The structure-activity relationship was also investigated by the insertion of alkyl or benzyl moieties at the N-1 position of the indole nucleus. We found that most of the newly synthesized displayed high antiproliferative activity against U-937, MOLT-3, K-562, and NALM-6 leukaemia cell lines, with one-digit to double-digit nanomolar IC50 values. The antiproliferative activities of 3-pyridinyl derivatives 3f-h revealed that N-benzyl indole analogues generally exhibited lower activity compared to N-H or N-alkyl derivatives 3a-b and 3c-e, respectively. Moreover, cellular mechanism studies elucidated that compound 4a induced apoptosis along with a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and activated caspase-3 in a concentration-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo Romagnoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Filippo Prencipe
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luisa Carlota Lopez-Cara
- Departamento de Química Farmaceútica y Orgánica Facultad de Farmacia, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain
| | - Paola Oliva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Baraldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Preti D, Romagnoli R, Rondanin R, Cacciari B, Hamel E, Balzarini J, Liekens S, Schols D, Estévez-Sarmiento F, Quintana J, Estévez F. Design, synthesis, in vitro antiproliferative activity and apoptosis-inducing studies of 1-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)-3-(2'-alkoxycarbonylindolyl)-2-propen-1-one derivatives obtained by a molecular hybridisation approach. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1225-1238. [PMID: 30141353 PMCID: PMC6116705 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1493473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of microtubule function using tubulin targeting agents has received growing attention in the last several decades. The indole scaffold has been recognized as an important scaffold in the design of novel compounds acting as antimitotic agents. Indole-based chalcones, in which one of the aryl rings was replaced by an indole, have been explored in the last few years for their anticancer potential in different cancer cell lines. Eighteen novel (3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)-indolyl-propenone derivatives with general structure 9 were synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of four different human cancer cell lines. The highest IC50 values were obtained against the human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line. This series of chalcone derivatives was characterized by the presence of a 2-alkoxycarbonyl indole ring as the second aryl system attached at the carbonyl of the 3-position of the 1-(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one framework. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) of the indole-based chalcone derivatives was investigated by varying the position of the methoxy group, by the introduction of different substituents (hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or benzyl) at the N-1 position and by the activity differences between methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl moieties at the 2-position of the indole nucleus. The antiproliferative activity data of the novel synthesized compounds revealed that generally N-substituted indole analogues exhibited considerably reduced potency as compared with their parent N-unsubstituted counterparts, demonstrating that the presence of a hydrogen on the indole nitrogen plays a decisive role in increasing antiproliferative activity. The results also revealed that the position of the methoxy group on the indole ring is a critical determinant of biological activity. Among the synthesized derivatives, compound 9e, containing the 2-methoxycarbonyl-6-methoxy-N-1H-indole moiety exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity, with IC50 values of 0.37, 0.16 and 0.17 μM against HeLa, HT29 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, respectively, and with considerably lower activity against HL-60 cells (IC50: 18 μM). This derivative also displayed cytotoxic properties (IC50 values ∼1 μM) in the human myeloid leukemia U-937 cell line overexpressing human Bcl-2 (U-937/Bcl-2) via cell cycle progression arrest at the G2-M phase and induction of apoptosis. The results obtained also demonstrated that the antiproliferative activity of this molecule is related to inhibition of tubulin polymerisation. The presence of a methoxy group at the C5- or C6-position of the indole nucleus, as well as the absence of substituents at the N-1-indole position, contributed to the optimal activity of the indole-propenone-3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Preti
- a Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Romeo Romagnoli
- a Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Riccardo Rondanin
- a Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Barbara Cacciari
- a Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Ernest Hamel
- b Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Frederick , MD , USA
| | - Jan Balzarini
- c Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven , Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- c Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven , Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- c Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven , Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute in Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS) , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) , Spain
| | - José Quintana
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute in Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS) , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) , Spain
| | - Francisco Estévez
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute in Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS) , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) , Spain
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Estévez-Sarmiento F, Hernández E, Brouard I, León F, García C, Quintana J, Estévez F. 3'-Hydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxyflavone-induced cell death in human leukaemia cells is dependent on caspases and reactive oxygen species and attenuated by the inhibition of JNK/SAPK. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 288:1-11. [PMID: 29630880 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are phenolic substances that appear to exert beneficial effects in several chronic diseases, including cancer. Structure-activity relationships of the cytotoxic activity of a series of flavonols and their 3-methyl ether derivatives established that 3'-hydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxyflavone (flavonoid 11) displayed strong cytotoxicity against human leukaemia cell lines (HL-60, U-937 and MOLT-3), and cells that over-express the anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and against P-glycoprotein-overexpressing K-562/ADR cells. This compound induced G2-M cell cycle arrest and it was a potent apoptotic inducer on HL-60, MOLT-3, U-937 and U-937/Bcl-2 cell lines. Cell death was (i) mediated by caspase activation, since it was prevented by the non-specific caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk and reduced by a selective caspase-9 inhibitor, (ii) associated with cytochrome c release, the dissipation of the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and (iii) partially blocked by the inhibition of c-jun NH2 terminal kinases/stress activated protein kinases (JNK/SAPK) signalling and by the free-radical scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Elisa Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ignacio Brouard
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco León
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Celina García
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Estévez-Sarmiento F, Said M, Brouard I, León F, García C, Quintana J, Estévez F. 3'-Hydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxyflavone blocks tubulin polymerization and is a potent apoptotic inducer in human SK-MEL-1 melanoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:6060-6070. [PMID: 29032930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds and are among the most promising anticancer agents. A series of flavonols and their 3-methyl ether derivatives were synthesized and assessed for cytotoxicity. It was found that 3'-hydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxyflavone (flavonoid 7a) displayed strong cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-1 melanoma cells and blocked tubulin polymerization, but had no significant cytotoxic effects against quiescent or proliferating human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Our analyses showed that flavonoid 7a induces G2-M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in melanoma cells which is associated with cytochrome c release and activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Mercedes Said
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ignacio Brouard
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco León
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Celina García
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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