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Perin LR, Parreira LA, Barcelos ECS, Santos MFC, Menini L, Gomes DDO, Careta FDP. In vitro effect of alpha-bisabolol and its synthetic derivatives on macrophages, promastigotes, and amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania infantum. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-6. [PMID: 38013219 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2288232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis are public health problems in Africa, Asia, Europe, and America. The treatment has a high cost and toxicity. Thus, this work aims to evaluate the leishmanicidal activity of alpha-bisabolol and its three synthetic derivatives, P1, P2, and P3, on the promastigotes and amastigotes Leishmania infantum and L. amazonensis forms. Alpha-bisabolol showed the lowest IC50 with 3.43 for L. amazonensis promastigotes, while P1 was the most toxic for L. infantum with an IC50 of 9.10. The derivative P3 was better for the amastigote form, with an IC50 of 3.39 for L. amazonensis. All the compounds effectively decreased the intracellular load of amastigote and its ability to turn promastigote again. Thus, alpha-bisabolol and its three synthetic derivatives were effective in their leishmanicidal activity. Therefore, it can be an option for developing new treatments against leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Reisen Perin
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Brasil
| | - Luciana Alves Parreira
- Departamento de Química e Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Brasil
| | | | | | - Luciano Menini
- Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo/Campus de Alegre, Alegre, Brasil
| | - Daniel de Oliveira Gomes
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas/Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brasil
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Costa NN, de Faria Lopes L, Ferreira DF, de Prado EML, Severi JA, Resende JA, de Paula Careta F, Ferreira MCP, Carreira LG, de Souza SOL, Cotrim MAP, Boeing T, de Andrade SF, Oréfice RL, Villanova JCO. Polymeric films containing pomegranate peel extract based on PVA/starch/PAA blends for use as wound dressing: In vitro analysis and physicochemical evaluation. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 109:110643. [PMID: 32229007 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wounds constitute a serious public health problem, and developing pharmaceutical dosage forms to ensure patient comfort and safety, as well as optimizing treatment effectiveness, are of great interest in the pharmaceutical, medical and biomaterial fields. In this work, the preparation of films based on blends of poly(vinyl alcohol), starch and poly(acrylic acid), polymers widely used as pharmaceutical excipients, and pomegranate peel extract (PPE), a bioactive compound with antimicrobial and healing activities relevant to the use as a bioactive wound dressing, was proposed. Initially, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the PPE was investigated by an in vitro method. Then, the best concentration of the PPE to be used to prepare the films was researched using an antimicrobial susceptibility test with the disc diffusion method. The microbiological assay was performed in films prepared by the solvent casting method in the presence of two concentrations of PPE: 1.25% w/v and 2.5% w/v. Films containing the lower PPE concentration showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, with a difference that was not considered statistically significant when compared to the higher concentration of the extract. Therefore, the films prepared with the lower proportion of PPE (1.25% w/v) were considered for the other studies. The miscibility and stability of the extract in the films were investigated by thermal analysis. Parameters that determine the barrier properties of the films were also investigated by complementary techniques. Finally, in vitro biological tests were performed for safety evaluation and activity research. Analysis of the results showed that the incorporation of the higher proportion of starch in the blend (15% v/v) (PVA:S:PAA:PPE4) yielded smooth, transparent, and domain-free films without phase separation. Additionally, the PVA:S:PAA:PPE4 film presented barrier properties suitable for use as a cover. These films, when subjected to the in vitro hemolytic activity assay, were nonhemolytic and biocompatible. No toxicity from the extract was observed at the concentrations studied. The results of the wound healing in vitro test showed that films containing 1.25% PPE are efficient in reducing the scratch open area, provoking almost total closure of the scratches within 48 h without cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nubya Nascimento Costa
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Lohanna de Faria Lopes
- Laboratório de Produção Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Daiana Freitas Ferreira
- Laboratório de Produção Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Maria López de Prado
- Laboratório de Produção Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Juliana Aparecida Severi
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil; Laboratório de Produção Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Juliana Alves Resende
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Paula Careta
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil; Laboratório de Produção Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Pimentel Ferreira
- Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Lilian Gasparelli Carreira
- Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Sarah Oliveira Lamas de Souza
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Polímeros e Compósitos - LEPCom, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Monique Alvarenga Pinto Cotrim
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Polímeros e Compósitos - LEPCom, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thaise Boeing
- Núcleo de Investigacões Químico-Farmacêuticas - NIQFAR, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88.302-202 Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Faloni de Andrade
- Núcleo de Investigacões Químico-Farmacêuticas - NIQFAR, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88.302-202 Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Lambert Oréfice
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Polímeros e Compósitos - LEPCom, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Janaina Cecília Oliveira Villanova
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil; Laboratório de Produção Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, 29.500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil.
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Souza SOL, Cotrim MAP, Oréfice RL, Carvalho SG, Dutra JAP, de Paula Careta F, Resende JA, Villanova JCO. Electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) matrices containing silver sulfadiazine complexed with β-cyclodextrin as a new pharmaceutical dosage form to wound healing: preliminary physicochemical and biological evaluation. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2018; 29:67. [PMID: 29748753 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cooperation between researchers in the areas of medical, pharmaceutical and materials science has facilitated the development of pharmaceutical dosage forms that elicit therapeutic effects and protective action with a single product. In addition to optimizing pharmacologic action, such dosage forms provide greater patient comfort and increase success and treatment compliance. In the present work, we prepared semipermeable bioactive electrospun fibers for use as wound dressings containing silver sulfadiazine complexed with β-cyclodextrin in a poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) nanofiber matrix aiming to reduce the direct contact between silver and skin and to modulate the drug release. Wound dressings were prepared by electrospinning, and were subjected to ATR-FT-IR and TG/DTG assays to evaluate drug stability. The hydrophilicity of the fibrous nanostructure in water and PBS buffer was studied by goniometry. Electrospun fibers permeability and swelling capacity were assessed, and a dissolution test was performed. In vitro biological tests were realized to investigate the biological compatibility and antimicrobial activity. We obtained flexible matrices that were each approximately 1.0 g in weight. The electrospun fibers were shown to be semipermeable, with water vapor transmission and swelling indexes compatible with the proposed objective. The hydrophilicity was moderate. Matrices containing pure drug modulated drug release adequately during 24 h but presented a high hemolytic index. Complexation promoted a decrease in the hemolytic index and in the drug release but did not negatively impact antimicrobial activity. The drug was released predominantly by diffusion. These results indicate that electrospun PCL matrices containing β-cyclodextrin/silver sulfadiazine inclusion complexes are a promising pharmaceutical dosage form for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Oliveira Lamas Souza
- Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Bloco 2, Pampulha, 31.270-900, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Monique Alvarenga Pinto Cotrim
- Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Bloco 2, Pampulha, 31.270-900, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Lambert Oréfice
- Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Bloco 2, Pampulha, 31.270-900, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Suzana Gonçalves Carvalho
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e de Saúde, Av. Alto Universitário, sem número, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Jessyca Aparecida Paes Dutra
- Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Vitória, ES, 29.043-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Paula Careta
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e de Saúde, Av. Alto Universitário, sem número, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Alves Resende
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e de Saúde, Av. Alto Universitário, sem número, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Janaina Cecília Oliveira Villanova
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e de Saúde, Av. Alto Universitário, sem número, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29.500-000, Brazil.
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Assis HA, Elert NC, Azevedo ALBP, Braga IS, Serakides R, de Melo Ocarino N, de Goes AM, de Paula Careta F, Paneto GG, da Silva AMA, Boeloni JN. Dose-dependent effect of triiodothyronine on the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow of female rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 70:89-100. [PMID: 29105086 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Verify the in-vitro effect of triiodothyronine (T3) on the chondrogenic differentiation of female rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) over several time periods and at several doses. METHODS CD54 + /CD73 + /CD90 + BMMSCs from Wistar female rats were cultured in chondrogenic medium with or without T3 (0.01; 1; 100; 1000 nm). At seven, 14 and 21 days, the cell morphology, chondrogenic matrix formation and expression of Sox9 and collagen II were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS The dose of 100 nm did not alter the parameters evaluated in any of the periods studied. However, the 0.01 nm T3 dose improved the chondrogenic potential by increasing the chondrogenic matrix formation and expression of Sox9 and collagen II in at least one of the evaluated periods; the 1 nm T3 dose also improved the chondrogenic potential by increasing the chondrogenic matrix formation and the expression of collagen II in at least one of the evaluated periods. The 1000 nm T3 dose improved the chondrogenic potential by increasing the chondrogenic matrix formation and Sox9 expression in at least one of the evaluated periods. CONCLUSIONS T3 has a dose-dependent effect on the differentiation of BMMSCs from female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Higor A Assis
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias (CCAE) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Nathalia C Elert
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias (CCAE) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - André Luiz B P Azevedo
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias (CCAE) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Iolanda S Braga
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias (CCAE) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Rogéria Serakides
- Núcleo de Células-Tronco e Terapia Celular (NCT-TCA), Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Natália de Melo Ocarino
- Núcleo de Células-Tronco e Terapia Celular (NCT-TCA), Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alfredo M de Goes
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Paula Careta
- Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde (CCENS) da UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Greiciane G Paneto
- Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde (CCENS) da UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Adriana M A da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Jankerle N Boeloni
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias (CCAE) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Alegre, ES, Brazil
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de Paula Careta F, Paneto GG. Recent patents on high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 6:122-6. [PMID: 22670603 DOI: 10.2174/187221512801327370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are single-base inheritable variations in a given and defined genetic location that occur in at least 1% of the population. SNPs are useful markers for genetic association studies in disease susceptibility or adverse drug reactions, in evolutionary studies and forensic science. Given the potential impact of SNPs, the biotechnology industry has focused on the development of high-throughput methods for SNP genotyping. Many highthroughput SNP genotyping technologies are currently available and many others are being patented recently. Each offers a unique combination of scale, accuracy, throughput and cost. In this review, we described some of the most important recent SNP genotyping methods and also recent patents associated with it.
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de Paula Careta F, Gobessi S, Panepucci RA, Bojnik E, Morato de Oliveira F, Mazza Matos D, Falcão RP, Laurenti L, Zago MA, Efremov DG. The Aurora A and B kinases are up-regulated in bone marrow-derived chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and represent potential therapeutic targets. Haematologica 2012; 97:1246-54. [PMID: 22331265 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2011.054668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The malignant B cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia receive signals from the bone marrow and lymph node microenvironments which regulate their survival and proliferation. Characterization of these signals and the pathways that propagate them to the interior of the cell is important for the identification of novel potential targets for therapeutic intervention. DESIGN AND METHODS We compared the gene expression profiles of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells purified from bone marrow and peripheral blood to identify genes that are induced by the bone marrow microenvironment. Two of the differentially expressed genes were further studied in cell culture experiments and in an animal model to determine whether they could represent appropriate therapeutic targets in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. RESULTS Functional classification analysis revealed that the majority of differentially expressed genes belong to gene ontology categories related to cell cycle and mitosis. Significantly up-regulated genes in bone marrow-derived tumor cells included important cell cycle regulators, such as Aurora A and B, survivin and CDK6. Down-regulation of Aurora A and B by RNA interference inhibited proliferation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia-derived cell lines and induced low levels of apoptosis. A similar effect was observed with the Aurora kinase inhibitor VX-680 in primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells that were induced to proliferate by CpG-oligonucleotides and interleukin-2. Moreover, VX-680 significantly blocked leukemia growth in a mouse model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CONCLUSIONS Aurora A and B are up-regulated in proliferating chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and represent potential therapeutic targets in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco de Paula Careta
- Hematology Division and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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de Oliveira FM, Brandão RA, Leite-Cueva SD, de Paula Careta F, Simões BP, Rego EM, Falcão RP. Tetrasomy 8 in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 198:166-9. [PMID: 20362233 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2009.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Revised: 11/28/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of a 47-year-old man diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with two extra copies of chromosome 8. Classical cytogenetic analysis by the immunostimulatory combination of DSP30 and interleukin 2 showed tetrasomy of chromosome 8 in 60% of the metaphase cells (48,XY,+8,+8[12]/46,XY[8]). Spectral karyotype analysis confirmed the abnormality previously seen by G banding. Additionally, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization using an LSI CEP 8 probe performed on peripheral blood cells without any stimulant agent showed tetrasomy of chromosome 8 in 54% of analyzed cells (108 of 200). To our knowledge, tetrasomy 8 as the sole chromosomal abnormality in CLL has not been previously described. The prognostic significance of tetrasomy 8 in CLL remains to be elucidated. However, the patient has been followed up in the outpatient hospital since 2004 without any therapeutic intervention and has so far remained stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Morato de Oliveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Careta FDP, Azevedo BMV, Vianna BA, Paneto GG, Degasperi II, Oyama MDC, Fagundes V, Perrone AMS, Louro ID. Oncogene-induced transcriptional patterns in established cell lines as a model for in vitro analysis of tumor biology. Genet Mol Res 2004; 3:410-20. [PMID: 15614731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Established cell lines have long been used for in vitro studies of tumor biology, enabling investigators to control growth conditions and to draw important conclusions about the oncogenic microenvironment. However, gene expression behavior in cultured cells may not always reflect the actual in vivo scenario, and analysis derived from such experiments should take into consideration the existing differences between the two environments. We used suppression subtractive hybridization to study transcriptional changes elicited after oncogene transformation and cell line establishment. We found that transcriptional changes elicited in cultured cell lines are in fact representative of late events, and they do not occur early after oncogene transfection or activation. We also determined that a fraction of the transcriptional changes is oncogene specific, whereas other changes are shared between two or more different oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco de Paula Careta
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,Vitória, ES, Brasil
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