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Henriksen HB, Henriksen C, de Sousa ARS, Alavi DT, Augestad EMS, Rising R, Dörner R, Hägele FA, Bosy-Westphal A, Blomhoff R, Ulven SM, Olsen T. Validity and reproducibility of a whole-room indirect calorimeter for the estimation of VO 2 , VCO 2 , and resting metabolic rate. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15658. [PMID: 37020398 PMCID: PMC10076691 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-room indirect calorimeters (WRICs) provide accurate instruments for the measurement of respiratory exchange, energy expenditure, and macronutrient oxidation. Here, we aimed to determine the validity and reproducibility of a 7500 L WRIC for the measurement of ventilation rates and resting metabolic rate (RMR). Technical validation was performed with propane combustion tests (n = 10) whereas biological reproducibility was tested in healthy subjects (13 women, 6 men, mean ± SD age 39.6 ± 15.3) in two 60 min measurements separated by 24 h. Subjects followed a run-in protocol prior to measurements. The coefficient of variation (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated for ventilation rates of O2 (VO2), CO2 (VCO2), the respiratory quotient (RQ; VCO2/VO2), and RMR. Technical validation showed good validity with CVs ranging from 0.67% for VO2 to 1.00% for energy expenditure. For biological reproducibility, CVs were 2.89% for VO2 ; 2.67% for VCO2 ; 1.95% for RQ; and 2.68% for RMR. With the exception of RQ (74%), ICCs were excellent for VO2 (94%), VCO2 (96%) and RMR (95%). Excluding participants that deviated from the run-in protocol did not alter results. In conclusion, the 7500 L WRIC is technically valid and reproducible for ventilation rates and RMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hege Berg Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ana Rita Sequeira de Sousa
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dena Treider Alavi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elin Maria Sandstad Augestad
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Russell Rising
- D & S Consulting Services, Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Rebecca Dörner
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Franziska Anna Hägele
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Clinical Service, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stine Marie Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Olsen
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Rohmann N, Schlicht K, Geisler C, Hollstein T, Knappe C, Krause L, Hagen S, Beckmann A, Seoudy AK, Wietzke-Braun P, Hartmann K, Schulte D, Türk K, Beckmann J, von Schönfels W, Hägele FA, Bosy-Westphal A, Franke A, Schreiber S, Laudes M. Circulating sDPP-4 is Increased in Obesity and Insulin Resistance but Is Not Related to Systemic Metabolic Inflammation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e592-e601. [PMID: 33084870 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Dipeptidylpeptidase (DPP)-4 is a key regulator of the incretin system. It exists in a membrane-bound form and a soluble form (sDPP-4). Initial human studies suggested sDPP-4 to be an adipokine involved in metabolic inflammation. However, recent mechanistic data in genetically modified mice has questioned these findings. OBJECTIVES We examined circulating sDPP-4 in a cohort of n = 451 humans with different metabolic phenotypes and during 3 different weight loss interventions (n = 101) to further clarify its role in human physiology and metabolic diseases. DESIGN sDPP-4 serum concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and related to several phenotyping data including gut microbiome analysis. RESULTS sDPP-4 increased with age and body weight and was positively associated with insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia but was reduced in manifest type 2 diabetes. In addition, we found reduced serum concentrations of sDPP-4 in subjects with arterial hypertension. In contrast to earlier reports, we did not identify an association with systemic markers of inflammation. Impaired kidney and liver functions significantly altered sDPP-4 concentrations while no relation to biomarkers for heart failure was observed. Having found increased levels of sDPP-4 in obesity, we studied surgical (gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy) and nonsurgical interventions, revealing a significant association of sDPP-4 with improvement of liver function tests but not with changes in body weight. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that sDPP-4 is related to hepatic abnormalities in obesity rather than primarily functioning as an adipokine and that sDPP-4 is implicated both in glucose and in lipid metabolism, but not fundamentally in systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Rohmann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kristina Schlicht
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Corinna Geisler
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tim Hollstein
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carina Knappe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Laura Krause
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hagen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexia Beckmann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Katharina Seoudy
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Perdita Wietzke-Braun
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Hartmann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dominik Schulte
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kathrin Türk
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Beckmann
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation, and Pediatric Surgery, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Witigo von Schönfels
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation, and Pediatric Surgery, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Institut of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institut of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Institut of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Laudes
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Büsing F, Hägele FA, Nas A, Hasler M, Müller MJ, Bosy-Westphal A. Impact of energy turnover on the regulation of glucose homeostasis in healthy subjects. Nutr Diabetes 2019; 9:22. [PMID: 31395858 PMCID: PMC6687696 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-019-0089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of different levels of energy turnover (ET; low, medium, and high level of physical activity and the corresponding energy intake) on glucose metabolism at zero energy balance, caloric restriction, and overfeeding. Methods Sixteen healthy individuals (13 men, 3 women, 25.1 ± 3.9 years, BMI 24.0 ± 3.2 kg/m2) participated in a randomized crossover intervention under metabolic ward conditions. Subjects passed 3 × 3 intervention days. Three levels of physical activity (PAL: low 1.3, medium 1.6, and high 1.8 achieved by walking at 4 km/h for 0, 3 × 55, or 3 × 110 min) were compared under three levels of energy balance (zero energy balance (EB): 100% of energy requirement (Ereq); caloric restriction (CR): 75% Ereq, and overfeeding (OF): 125% Ereq). Continuous interstitial glucose monitoring, C-peptide excretion, and HOMA–IR, as well as postprandial glucose and insulin were measured. Results Daylong glycemia and insulin secretion did not increase with higher ET at all conditions of energy balance (EB, CR, and OF), despite a correspondingly higher CHO intake (Δ low vs. high ET: +86 to 135 g of CHO/d). At CR, daylong glycemia (p = 0.02) and insulin secretion (p = 0.04) were even reduced with high compared with low ET. HOMA–IR was impaired with OF and improved with CR, whereas ET had no effect on fasting insulin sensitivity. A higher ET led to lower postprandial glucose and insulin levels under conditions of CR and OF. Conclusion Low-intensity physical activity can significantly improve postprandial glycemic response of healthy individuals, independent of energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Büsing
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Franziska Anna Hägele
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alessa Nas
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Hasler
- Applied Statistics, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manfred James Müller
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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