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Hausburg F, Müller P, Voronina N, Steinhoff G, David R. Protocol for MicroRNA Transfer into Adult Bone Marrow-derived Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Enable Cell Engineering Combined with Magnetic Targeting. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29985305 DOI: 10.3791/57474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
While CD133+ hematopoietic stem cells (SCs) have been proven to provide high potential in the field of regenerative medicine, their low retention rates after injection into injured tissues as well as the observed massive cell death rates lead to very restricted therapeutic effects. To overcome these limitations, we sought to establish a non-viral based protocol for suitable cell engineering prior to their administration. The modification of human CD133+ expressing SCs using microRNA (miR) loaded magnetic polyplexes was addressed with respect to uptake efficiency and safety as well as the targeting potential of the cells. Relying on our protocol, we can achieve high miR uptake rates of 80-90% while the CD133+ stem cell properties remain unaffected. Moreover, these modified cells offer the option of magnetic targeting. We describe here a safe and highly efficient procedure for the modification of CD133+ SCs. We expect this approach to provide a standard technology for optimization of therapeutic stem cell effects and for monitoring of the administered cell product via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Hausburg
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty, Rostock University
| | - Paula Müller
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty, Rostock University
| | - Natalia Voronina
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center
| | - Gustav Steinhoff
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty, Rostock University
| | - Robert David
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty, Rostock University;
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Müller P, Gaebel R, Lemcke H, Wiekhorst F, Hausburg F, Lang C, Zarniko N, Westphal B, Steinhoff G, David R. Intramyocardial fate and effect of iron nanoparticles co-injected with MACS ® purified stem cell products. Biomaterials 2017; 135:74-84. [PMID: 28494265 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS®) is routinely used to isolate stem cell subpopulations intended for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In strong contrast, studies examining the amount, effect and intramyocardial distribution of iron nanoparticles used for magnetic cell labelling are missing, although iron excess can cause functional disorders in the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS CD133+ haematopoietic and CD271+ mesenchymal stem cells were purified from bone marrow using automatically and manually MACS® based systems. Flow cytometric measurements demonstrated a rapid loss of MACS® MicroBeads from cells under culture conditions, while storage under hypothermic conditions decelerated their detachment. Moreover, an average loading of ∼11 fg iron/cell caused by magnetic labelling was determined in magnetic particle spectroscopy. Importantly, hemodynamic measurements as well as histological examinations using a myocardial ischemia/reperfusion mouse model showed no influence of MACS® MicroBeads on cardiac regeneration, while the transplantation of stem cells caused a significant improvement. Furthermore, immunostainings demonstrated the clearance of co-injected iron nanoparticles from stem cells and the surrounding heart tissue within 48 h post transplantation. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that iron amounts typically co-injected with MACS® purified stem cells do not harm cardiac functions and are cleared from heart tissue within a few hours. Therefore, we conclude that MACS® MicroBeads exhibit a good compatibility in the cardiac environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Müller
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Ralf Gaebel
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Heiko Lemcke
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Frank Wiekhorst
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestraße 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Frauke Hausburg
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Cajetan Lang
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Straße 6, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Nicole Zarniko
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Bernd Westphal
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Gustav Steinhoff
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Robert David
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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Skorska A, Müller P, Gaebel R, Große J, Lemcke H, Lux CA, Bastian M, Hausburg F, Zarniko N, Bubritzki S, Ruch U, Tiedemann G, David R, Steinhoff G. GMP-conformant on-site manufacturing of a CD133 + stem cell product for cardiovascular regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:33. [PMID: 28187777 PMCID: PMC5303262 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0467-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD133+ stem cells represent a promising subpopulation for innovative cell-based therapies in cardiovascular regeneration. Several clinical trials have shown remarkable beneficial effects following their intramyocardial transplantation. Yet, the purification of CD133+ stem cells is typically performed in centralized clean room facilities using semi-automatic manufacturing processes based on magnetic cell sorting (MACS®). However, this requires time-consuming and cost-intensive logistics. Methods CD133+ stem cells were purified from patient-derived sternal bone marrow using the recently developed automatic CliniMACS Prodigy® BM-133 System (Prodigy). The entire manufacturing process, as well as the subsequent quality control of the final cell product (CP), were realized on-site and in compliance with EU guidelines for Good Manufacturing Practice. The biological activity of automatically isolated CD133+ cells was evaluated and compared to manually isolated CD133+ cells via functional assays as well as immunofluorescence microscopy. In addition, the regenerative potential of purified stem cells was assessed 3 weeks after transplantation in immunodeficient mice which had been subjected to experimental myocardial infarction. Results We established for the first time an on-site manufacturing procedure for stem CPs intended for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases using an automatized system. On average, 0.88 × 106 viable CD133+ cells with a mean log10 depletion of 3.23 ± 0.19 of non-target cells were isolated. Furthermore, we demonstrated that these automatically isolated cells bear proliferation and differentiation capacities comparable to manually isolated cells in vitro. Moreover, the automatically generated CP shows equal cardiac regeneration potential in vivo. Conclusions Our results indicate that the Prodigy is a powerful system for automatic manufacturing of a CD133+ CP within few hours. Compared to conventional manufacturing processes, future clinical application of this system offers multiple benefits including stable CP quality and on-site purification under reduced clean room requirements. This will allow saving of time, reduced logistics and diminished costs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0467-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skorska
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany.,Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Paula Müller
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Ralf Gaebel
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Jana Große
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Heiko Lemcke
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany.,Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Cornelia A Lux
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Manuela Bastian
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (ILAB), Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Straße 6, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Frauke Hausburg
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Nicole Zarniko
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Sandra Bubritzki
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ruch
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Gudrun Tiedemann
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany
| | - Robert David
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 68, Rostock, 18057, Germany.,Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Gustav Steinhoff
- Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Albert-Einstein Straße 25, Rostock, 18059, Germany. .,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, Rostock, 18057, Germany.
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Hausburg F, Na S, Voronina N, Skorska A, Müller P, Steinhoff G, David R. Defining optimized properties of modified mRNA to enhance virus- and DNA- independent protein expression in adult stem cells and fibroblasts. Cell Physiol Biochem 2015; 35:1360-71. [PMID: 25720503 DOI: 10.1159/000373957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By far, most strategies for cell reprogramming and gene therapy are based on the introduction of DNA after viral delivery. To avoid the high risks accompanying these goals, non-viral and DNA-free delivery methods for various cell types are required. METHODS Relying on an initially established PCR-based protocol for convenient template DNA production, we synthesized five differently modified EGFP mRNA (mmRNA) species, incorporating various degrees of 5-methylcytidine-5'-triphosphate (5mC) and pseudouridine-5'-triphosphate (Ψ). We then investigated their effect on i) protein expression efficiencies and ii) cell viability for human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and fibroblasts from different origins. RESULTS Our protocol allows highly efficient mmRNA production in vitro, enabling rapid and stable protein expression after cell transfection. However, our results also demonstrate that the terminally optimal modification needs to be defined in pilot experiments for each particular cell type. Transferring our approach to the conversion of fibroblasts into skeletal myoblasts using mmRNA encoding MyoD, we confirm the huge potential of mmRNA based protein expression for virus- and DNA-free reprogramming strategies. CONCLUSION The achieved high protein expression levels combined with good cell viability not only in fibroblasts but also in hMSCs provides a promising option for mmRNA based modification of various cell types including slowly proliferating adult stem cells. Therefore, we are confident that our findings will substantially contribute to the improvement of efficient cell reprogramming and gene therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Hausburg
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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