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Schüler M, Peil OE, Kraberger GJ, Pordzik R, Marsman M, Kresse G, Wehling TO, Aichhorn M. Charge self-consistent many-body corrections using optimized projected localized orbitals. J Phys Condens Matter 2018; 30:475901. [PMID: 30387447 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aae80a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In order for methods combining ab initio density-functional theory and many-body techniques to become routinely used, a flexible, fast, and easy-to-use implementation is crucial. We present an implementation of a general charge self-consistent scheme based on projected localized orbitals in the projector augmented wave framework in the Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package. We give a detailed description on how the projectors are optimally chosen and how the total energy is calculated. We benchmark our implementation in combination with dynamical mean-field theory: first we study the charge-transfer insulator NiO using a Hartree-Fock approach to solve the many-body Hamiltonian. We address the advantages of the optimized against non-optimized projectors and furthermore find that charge self-consistency decreases the dependence of the spectral function-especially the gap-on the double counting. Second, using continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo we study a monolayer of SrVO3, where strong orbital polarization occurs due to the reduced dimensionality. Using total-energy calculation for structure determination, we find that electronic correlations have a non-negligible influence on the position of the apical oxygens, and therefore on the thickness of the single SrVO3 layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schüler
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany. Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, Universität Bremen, Am Fallturm 1a, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Steenbergen KG, Mewes JM, Pašteka LF, Gäggeler HW, Kresse G, Pahl E, Schwerdtfeger P. The cohesive energy of superheavy element copernicium determined from accurate relativistic coupled-cluster theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:32286-32295. [PMID: 29199301 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The cohesive energy of bulk copernicium is accurately determined using the incremental method within a relativistic coupled-cluster approach. For the lowest energy structure of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) symmetry, we obtain a cohesive energy of -36.3 kJ mol-1 (inclusion of uncertainties leads to a lower bound of -39.6 kJ mol-1), in excellent agreement with the experimentally estimated sublimation enthalpy of -38 kJ mol-1 [R. Eichler et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2008, 47, 3262]. At the coupled-cluster singles, doubles and perturbative triples level of theory, we find that the hcp structure is energetically quasi-degenerate with both face-centred and body-centred cubic structures. These results provide a basis for testing various density-functionals, of which the PBEsol functional yields a cohesive energy of -34.1 kJ mol-1 in good agreement with our coupled-cluster value.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Steenbergen
- Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University (Albany), Bob Tindall Bldg., 0745 Auckland, New Zealand.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Libisch
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna, Austria, EU
| | - M. Marsman
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, EU
| | - J. Burgdörfer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/136, A-1040 Vienna, Austria, EU
| | - G. Kresse
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, EU
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de Wijs GA, Laskowski R, Blaha P, Havenith RWA, Kresse G, Marsman M. NMR shieldings from density functional perturbation theory: GIPAW versus all-electron calculations. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:064115. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4975122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. A. de Wijs
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R. Laskowski
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A∗STAR, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16, Connexis, Singapore 138632
| | - P. Blaha
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - R. W. A. Havenith
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Ghent Quantum Chemistry Group, Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S3), B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - G. Kresse
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - M. Marsman
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Franchini C, Kováčik R, Marsman M, Murthy SS, He J, Ederer C, Kresse G. Maximally localized Wannier functions in LaMnO3 within PBE + U, hybrid functionals and partially self-consistent GW: an efficient route to construct ab initio tight-binding parameters for eg perovskites. J Phys Condens Matter 2012; 24:235602. [PMID: 22581069 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/23/235602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Using the newly developed VASP2WANNIER90 interface we have constructed maximally localized Wannier functions (MLWFs) for the e(g) states of the prototypical Jahn-Teller magnetic perovskite LaMnO(3) at different levels of approximation for the exchange-correlation kernel. These include conventional density functional theory (DFT) with and without the additional on-site Hubbard U term, hybrid DFT and partially self-consistent GW. By suitably mapping the MLWFs onto an effective e(g) tight-binding (TB) Hamiltonian we have computed a complete set of TB parameters which should serve as guidance for more elaborate treatments of correlation effects in effective Hamiltonian-based approaches. The method-dependent changes of the calculated TB parameters and their interplay with the electron-electron (el-el) interaction term are discussed and interpreted. We discuss two alternative model parameterizations: one in which the effects of the el-el interaction are implicitly incorporated in the otherwise 'noninteracting' TB parameters and a second where we include an explicit mean-field el-el interaction term in the TB Hamiltonian. Both models yield a set of tabulated TB parameters which provide the band dispersion in excellent agreement with the underlying ab initio and MLWF bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Franchini
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna and Center for Computational Materials Science, Wien, Austria.
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Nagoya A, Asahi R, Kresse G. First-principles study of Cu2ZnSnS4 and the related band offsets for photovoltaic applications. J Phys Condens Matter 2011; 23:404203. [PMID: 21931185 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/40/404203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
First-principles calculations of the band offsets between Cu(2)ZnSnS(4) (CZTS) and XS (X = Cd, Zn) are performed. While the interface dipole contribution for the band offsets is calculated using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof functional, the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof hybrid functional is employed to introduce the quasiparticle corrections to the band offsets. The calculated conduction band offset between CZTS and CdS is 0.2 eV, validating CdS for the buffer layer of the CZTS solar cell. The small conduction band offset stems from the band gap narrowing of CdS under the interface strain caused by the lattice misfit with CZTS. A large valence band offset over 0.9 eV between CZTS and ZnS indicates that precipitated ZnS is regarded as an inactive insulator phase in CZTS absorbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagoya
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Incorporated, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan.
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Kresse G. Computer session 1 on DFT. EPJ Web of Conferences 2011. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20111401006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lebègue S, Harl J, Gould T, Angyán JG, Kresse G, Dobson JF. Cohesive properties and asymptotics of the dispersion interaction in graphite by the random phase approximation. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:196401. [PMID: 21231187 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.196401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The structural properties of graphite, such as the interlayer equilibrium distance, the elastic constant, and the net layer binding energy, are obtained using the adiabatic-connection fluctuation-dissipation theorem in the random phase approximation. Excellent agreement is found with the available experimental data; however, our computed binding energy of 48 meV per atom is somewhat smaller than the one obtained by quantum Monte Carlo methods. The asymptotic behavior of the interlayer dispersion interaction, previously derived from analytic approximations, is explicitly demonstrated to follow a d-3 behavior at very large distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lebègue
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie, Résonance Magnétique et Modélisations (CRM2, UMR CNRS 7036) Institut Jean Barriol, Nancy Université BP 239, Boulevard des Aiguillettes 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Schimka L, Harl J, Stroppa A, Grüneis A, Marsman M, Mittendorfer F, Kresse G. Accurate surface and adsorption energies from many-body perturbation theory. Nat Mater 2010; 9:741-4. [PMID: 20657589 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Kohn-Sham density functional theory is the workhorse computational method in materials and surface science. Unfortunately, most semilocal density functionals predict surfaces to be more stable than they are experimentally. Naively, we would expect that consequently adsorption energies on surfaces are too small as well, but the contrary is often found: chemisorption energies are usually overestimated. Modifying the functional improves either the adsorption energy or the surface energy but always worsens the other aspect. This suggests that semilocal density functionals possess a fundamental flaw that is difficult to cure, and alternative methods are urgently needed. Here we show that a computationally fairly efficient many-electron approach, the random phase approximation to the correlation energy, resolves this dilemma and yields at the same time excellent lattice constants, surface energies and adsorption energies for carbon monoxide and benzene on transition-metal surfaces.
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Abstract
The present ab initio study shows that in BaBiO3, Bi3+ sites can trap two holes from the valence band to form Bi5+ cations. The trapping is accompanied by large local lattice distortions; therefore the composite particle consisting of the electronic hole and the local lattice phonon field forms a polaron. Our study clearly shows that even sp elements can trap carriers at lattice sites, if local lattice relaxations are sufficiently large to screen the localized hole. The derived model describes all relevant experimental results, and settles the issue of why hole-doped BaBiO3 remains semiconducting upon moderate hole doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Franchini
- Faculty of Physics, Universität Wien and Center for Computational Materials Science, A-1090 Wien, Austria
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Marsman M, Grüneis A, Paier J, Kresse G. Second-order Mo̸ller–Plesset perturbation theory applied to extended systems. I. Within the projector-augmented-wave formalism using a plane wave basis set. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:184103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3126249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Klikovits J, Schmid M, Merte LR, Varga P, Westerström R, Resta A, Andersen JN, Gustafson J, Mikkelsen A, Lundgren E, Mittendorfer F, Kresse G. Step-orientation-dependent oxidation: from 1D to 2D oxides. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:266104. [PMID: 19437652 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.266104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Using scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory, we have studied the initial oxidation of Rh(111) surfaces with two types of straight steps, having {100} and {111} microfacets. The one-dimensional (1D) oxide initially formed at the steps acts as a barrier impeding formation of the 2D oxide on the (111) terrace behind it. We demonstrate that the details of the structure of the 1D oxide govern the rate of 2D oxidation and discuss implications for oxidation of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Klikovits
- Institut für Allgemeine Physik, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Wien, Austria
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Kresse G, Shishkin M, Marsman M, Paier J. Accurate band gaps and dielectric properties from one-electron theories (abstract only). J Phys Condens Matter 2008; 20:064203. [PMID: 21693865 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/20/6/064203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
For semiconductor modeling, a major shortcoming of density functional theory is that the predicted band gaps are usually significantly too small. It is generally argued that this shortcoming is related to the fact that density functional theory is a ground state theory, and as a result, one is not allowed to associate the one-electron energies with the energies of quasi-particles. Although this fundamental objection is certainly correct, the modeling of the positioning of donor and acceptor levels in semiconductors faces serious limitations with present density functionals. Several solutions to this problem have been suggested. A particular attractive and fairly simple one is the inclusion of a small fraction of the non-local exchange in the Hamiltonian (hybrid functionals). This approach leads to sensible band gaps for most semiconductors, but fails for ionic solids. A more reliable approach is via many-electron Green's function techniques, which have made tremendous advances in recent years. Here GW calculations in various flavors are presented for small gap and large gap systems, comprising typical semiconductors (Si, SiC, GaAs, GaN, ZnO, ZnS, CdS and AlP), small gap semiconductors (PbS, PbSe, PbTe), insulators (C, BN, MgO, LiF) and noble gas solids (Ar, Ne). The general finding is that single-shot G(0)W(0) calculations based on wavefunctions obtained from conventional density functional theory yield too small band gaps, whereas G(0)W(0) calculations following hybrid functional calculations tend to overestimate the band gaps by roughly the same amount. This is at first sight astonishing, since the hybrid functionals yield very good band gaps themselves. The contradiction is resolved by showing that the inclusion of the attractive electron-hole interactions (excitonic effects) is required to obtain good static and dynamic dielectric functions using hybrid functionals. The corrections are usually incorporated in GW calculations using 'vertex corrections', and in fact inclusion of these vertex corrections rectifies the predicted band gaps. Finally, in order to remove the dependence on the initial wavefunctions, self-consistent GW calculations are presented, again including an approximate treatment of vertex corrections. The results are in excellent agreement with experiment, with a few per cent deviation for all materials considered. We conclude that predictive band gap engineering is now possible with the theoretical description approaching experimental accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kresse
- Computational Materials Physics, Vienna University, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
We present an overview of the description of structural, thermochemical, and electronic properties of extended systems using several well known hybrid Hartree-Fock/density-functional-theory functionals (PBE0, HSE03, and B3LYP). In addition we address a few aspects of the evaluation of the Hartree-Fock exchange interactions in reciprocal space, relevant to all methods that employ a plane wave basis set and periodic boundary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Marsman
- Faculty of Physics, Universität Wien, and Center for Computational Materials Science, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Shishkin M, Marsman M, Kresse G. Accurate quasiparticle spectra from self-consistent GW calculations with vertex corrections. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:246403. [PMID: 18233465 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.246403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Self-consistent GW calculations, maintaining only the quasiparticle part of the Green's function G, are reported for a wide class of materials, including small gap semiconductors and large gap insulators. We show that the inclusion of the attractive electron-hole interaction via an effective nonlocal exchange correlation kernel is required to obtain accurate band gaps in the framework of self-consistent GW calculations. If these are accounted for via vertex corrections in W, the band gaps are found to be within a few percent of the experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shishkin
- Faculty of Physics, Universität Wien and Center for Computational Materials Science, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Wien, Austria
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Schmid M, Kresse G, Buchsbaum A, Napetschnig E, Gritschneder S, Reichling M, Varga P. Nanotemplate with holes: ultrathin alumina on Ni3Al(111). Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:196104. [PMID: 18233088 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.196104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We have determined the structure of the ultrathin (sqrt[67] x sqrt[67])R12.2 degrees aluminum oxide on Ni3Al(111) by a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory. In addition to other local defects, the main structural feature of the unit cell is a 0.4-nm-diameter hole reaching down to the metal substrate. Understanding the structure and metal growth on this oxide allows us to use it as a template for growing highly regular arrays of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schmid
- Institut für Allgemeine Physik, Technische Universität Wien, 1040, Wien, Austria
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Paier J, Marsman M, Hummer K, Kresse G, Gerber IC, Ángyán JG. Erratum: “Screened hybrid density functionals applied to solids” [J. Chem. Phys. 124, 154709 (2006)]. J Chem Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2403866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jomard G, Petit T, Magaud L, Pasturel A, Kresse G, Hafner J. Oxygen Adsorption on Zr(0001): Anab InitioStudy. Molecular Simulation 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/08927020008024191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
We extend the full-potential projector-augmented-wave method beyond the frozen core approximation, i.e., include the self-consistent optimization of the core charge density, in such a manner that the valence wave functions remain orthogonal to the core. The method consists of an on-the-fly repseudization of the all-electron problem, solving for the self-consistent core charge density within a spherical approximation. The key ideas in our procedure are to keep the projector functions fixed throughout the electronic minimization and to derive the new pseudopartial waves from these original projector functions, at each step of the electronic minimization procedure. Results of relaxed core calculations for atomic interconfigurational energies, structural energy differences between bulk phases of Fe, atomization energies of a subset of Pople's G2-1 set, and the Rh 3d surface core level shifts for the (log3 x log3)-Rh(111) surface at 1/3 CO coverage are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Marsman
- Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Dri C, Africh C, Esch F, Comelli G, Dubay O, Köhler L, Mittendorfer F, Kresse G, Dudin P, Kiskinova M. Initial oxidation of the Rh(110) surface: Ordered adsorption and surface oxide structures. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:094701. [PMID: 16965099 DOI: 10.1063/1.2345058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial oxidation of the Rh(110) surface was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy, core level spectroscopy, and density functional theory. The experiments were carried out exposing the Rh(110) surface to molecular or atomic oxygen at temperatures in the 500-700 K range. In molecular oxygen ambient, the oxidation terminates at oxygen coverage close to a monolayer with the formation of alternating islands of the (10x2) one-dimensional surface oxide and (2x1)p2mg adsorption phases. The use of atomic oxygen facilitates further oxidation until a structure with a c(2x4) periodicity develops. The experimental and theoretical results reveal that the c(2x4) structure is a "surface oxide" very similar to the hexagonal O-Rh-O trilayer structures formed on the Rh(111) and Rh(100) substrates. Some of the experimentally found adsorption phases appear unstable in the phase diagram predicted by thermodynamics, which might reflect kinetic hindrance. The structural details, core level spectra, and stability of the surface oxides formed on the three basal planes are compared with those of the bulk RhO2 and Rh2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dri
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
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Schmid M, Shishkin M, Kresse G, Napetschnig E, Varga P, Kulawik M, Nilius N, Rust HP, Freund HJ. Oxygen-deficient line defects in an ultrathin aluminum oxide film. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:046101. [PMID: 16907593 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.046101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A model for the straight antiphase domain boundary of the ultrathin aluminum oxide film on the NiAl(110) substrate is derived from scanning tunneling microscopy measurements and density-functional theory calculations. Although the local bonding environment of the perfect film is maintained, the structure is oxygen deficient and possesses a favorable adsorption site. The domain boundary exhibits a downwards band bending and three characteristic unoccupied electronic states, in excellent agreement with scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schmid
- Institut für Allgemeine Physik, Technische Universität Wien, A 1040 Wien, Austria
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Abstract
Hybrid Fock exchange/density functional theory functionals have shown to be very successful in describing a wide range of molecular properties. For periodic systems, however, the long-range nature of the Fock exchange interaction and the resultant large computational requirements present a major drawback. This is especially true for metallic systems, which require a dense Brillouin zone sampling. Recently, a new hybrid functional [HSE03, J. Heyd, G. E. Scuseria, and M. Ernzerhof, J. Chem. Phys. 118, 8207 (2003)] that addresses this problem within the context of methods that evaluate the Fock exchange in real space was introduced. We discuss the advantages the HSE03 functional brings to methods that rely on a reciprocal space description of the Fock exchange interaction, e.g., all methods that use plane wave basis sets. Furthermore, we present a detailed comparison of the performance of the HSE03 and PBE0 functionals for a set of archetypical solid state systems by calculating lattice parameters, bulk moduli, heats of formation, and band gaps. The results indicate that the hybrid functionals indeed often improve the description of these properties, but in several cases the results are not yet on par with standard gradient corrected functionals. This concerns in particular metallic systems for which the bandwidth and exchange splitting are seriously overestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Paier
- Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien and Center for Computational Material Science, Sensengasse 8, A-1090, Wien, Austria.
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Schmid M, Reicho A, Stierle A, Costina I, Klikovits J, Kostelnik P, Dubay O, Kresse G, Gustafson J, Lundgren E, Andersen JN, Dosch H, Varga P. Structure of Ag(111)-p(4 x 4)-O: no silver oxide. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:146102. [PMID: 16712098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.146102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the oxygen-induced p(4 x 4) reconstruction of Ag(111) is determined by a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy, surface x-ray diffraction, core level spectroscopy, and density functional theory. We demonstrate that all previous models of this surface structure are incorrect and propose a new model which is able to explain all our experimental findings but has no resemblance to bulk silver oxide. We also shed some light on the limitations of current density functional theories and the potential role of van der Waals interactions in the stabilization of oxygen-induced surface reconstructions of noble metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schmid
- Institut für Allgemeine Physik, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
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Cobian M, Boureau G, Hafner J, Kresse G. Ab initio density-functional study of the bridging addition of acrylonitrile on the Si(100) surface. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:174705. [PMID: 16375555 DOI: 10.1063/1.2101507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylonitrile may react with the Si(100) surface in a number of ways. Fifteen different configurations have been identified. This study which complements an earlier study devoted to cycloadditions and bonds involving a single atom deals essentially with configurations involving cumulative double bonds. Factors affecting the relative stability of various mesomeric forms are shown to be the proximity to tetrahedral geometry and the compatibility of the dipole form with buckled structures. Tripods are shown to be a way to accommodate a priori unfavorable structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cobian
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris, Cedex 05, France.
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27
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Köhler L, Kresse G, Schmid M, Lundgren E, Gustafson J, Mikkelsen A, Borg M, Yuhara J, Andersen JN, Marsman M, Varga P. High-coverage oxygen structures on Rh111: adsorbate repulsion and site preference is not enough. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:266103. [PMID: 15697994 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.266103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A new O induced structure on Rh(111) displaying a (2 sqaureroot[3] x 2sqaureroot[3])R30 degrees periodicity with an oxygen coverage of 2/3 has been studied by high resolution core level spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and density functional theory. Although O favors fcc hollow sites in all other known phases, it occupies both fcc and hcp sites in this structure, which cannot be explained by pairwise adsorbate repulsion only. Both the (2sqaureroot[3] x 2sqaureroot[3])R30 degrees and (2 x 2)-3O structures also exemplify that density-of-states contrast can lead to oxygen adatoms appearing as protrusions in scanning tunneling microscopy images.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Köhler
- Institut für Materialphysik and Centre for Computational Materials Science, Universität Wien, A-1090 Wien, Austria
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28
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Krause M, Hulman M, Kuzmany H, Dubay O, Kresse G, Vietze K, Seifert G, Wang C, Shinohara H. Fullerene quantum gyroscope. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:137403. [PMID: 15524757 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.137403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of quantized rotational states of a diatomic C2 unit in solid endohedral fullerene C(2)Sc(2)@C(84). The rotational transitions induce a periodic line pattern in the low energy Raman spectrum. The rotational constant B and the C-C distance were found to be 1.73 cm(-1) and 0.127 nm, respectively. Density functional calculations revealed an intrinsic rotational barrier of the order of only a few meV for the C2 unit. The Schrödinger equation involving the potential barrier was solved and the Raman tensor matrix elements were calculated, yielding good quantitative agreement with the experiment. To our best knowledge this is the first intrinsic rotational spectrum of a diatomic plane molecular rotor.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Krause
- Institut für Materialphysik der Universität Wien, Wien, Austria
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29
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Schoiswohl J, Kresse G, Surnev S, Sock M, Ramsey MG, Netzer FP. Planar vanadium oxide clusters: two-dimensional evaporation and diffusion on Rh(111). Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:206103. [PMID: 15169371 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.206103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The formation of novel vanadium oxide cluster molecules by oxidative two-dimensional evaporation from vanadium oxide nanostructures is reported on a Rh(111) metal surface. The structure and stability of the planar V6O12 clusters and the physical origin of their 2D evaporation process have been elucidated by high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and ab initio density functional theory calculations. The surface diffusion of the clusters has been followed in elevated-temperature STM experiments, and the diffusion parameters have been extracted, indicating diffusion by hopping of the entire surface stabilized cluster units.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schoiswohl
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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30
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Gustafson J, Mikkelsen A, Borg M, Lundgren E, Köhler L, Kresse G, Schmid M, Varga P, Yuhara J, Torrelles X, Quirós C, Andersen JN. Self-limited growth of a thin oxide layer on Rh(111). Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:126102. [PMID: 15089690 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.126102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of the Rh(111) surface at oxygen pressures from 10(-10) mbar to 0.5 bar and temperatures between 300 and 900 K has been studied on the atomic scale using a multimethod approach of experimental and theoretical techniques. Oxidation starts at the steps, resulting in a trilayer O-Rh-O surface oxide which, although not thermodynamically stable, prevents further oxidation at intermediate pressures. A thick corundum like Rh2O3 bulk oxide is formed only at significantly higher pressures and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gustafson
- Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, S-221 00, Sweden.
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31
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Surnev S, Sock M, Kresse G, Andersen JN, Ramsey MG, Netzer FP. Unusual CO Adsorption Sites on Vanadium Oxide−Pd(111) “Inverse Model Catalyst” Surfaces. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0223408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Surnev
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Physics, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - M. Sock
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Physics, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - G. Kresse
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Physics, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - J. N. Andersen
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Physics, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - M. G. Ramsey
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Physics, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - F. P. Netzer
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Physics, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
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Abstract
The (1x1) terminated (0001)-Zn surface of wurtzite ZnO was investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy. The surface is characterized by the presence of nanosized islands with a size-dependent shape and triangular holes with single-height, O-terminated step edges. It is proposed that the resulting overall decrease of the surface Zn concentration stabilizes this polar surface. Ab initio calculations of test geometries predict triangularly shaped reconstructions over a wide range of oxygen and hydrogen chemical potentials. The formation of these reconstructions appears to be electrostatically driven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Dulub
- Department of Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
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33
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Surnev S, Schoiswohl J, Kresse G, Ramsey MG, Netzer FP. Reversible dynamic behavior in catalyst systems: oscillations of structure and morphology. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:246101. [PMID: 12484958 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.246101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Exposing vanadium oxide nanoparticles on a Pd(111) surface to reducing conditions is shown to cause a spreading of the oxide over the metal until a reduced oxide phase covers the entire surface. Reoxidation reverses this process and oxide island structures and bare metal patches are reestablished. The physical origin of this wetting-dewetting process is revealed at the atomic level by in situ variable-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and in terms of a surface oxide phase stability diagram, as calculated by density functional theory as a function of the chemical potential of oxygen and the vanadium concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Surnev
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria.
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34
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Lundgren E, Kresse G, Klein C, Borg M, Andersen JN, De Santis M, Gauthier Y, Konvicka C, Schmid M, Varga P. Two-dimensional oxide on Pd(111). Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:246103. [PMID: 12059319 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.246103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of Pd(111) leads to an incommensurate surface oxide, which was studied by the use of scanning tunneling microscopy, surface x-ray diffraction, high resolution core level spectroscopy, and density functional calculations. A combination of these methods reveals a two-dimensional structure having no resemblance to bulk oxides of Pd. Our study also demonstrates how the atomic arrangement of a nontrivial incommensurate surface can be solved by molecular dynamics in a case where experimental techniques alone give no solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lundgren
- Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Physics, University of Lund, Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Abstract
The radial dependency of the vibrational frequencies of single-wall carbon nanotubes in the G band (1500-1600 cm(-1)) is studied by density functional theory. In metallic nanotubes, a mode with A1 symmetry is found to be significantly softer than the corresponding mode in insulating tubes or graphite. The mechanism that leads to the mode softening is explored. It is reminiscent of the driving force inducing Peierls distortions. At ambient temperature, the energy gained by opening the gap is, however, not sufficient for a static lattice distortion. Instead the corresponding vibrational frequency is lowered.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Dubay
- Institut für Materialphysik, Universität Wien and Center for Computational Material Science, Sensengasse 8, A-1090 Wien, Austria
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36
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Schmidt PK, Christmann K, Kresse G, Hafner J, Lischka M, Gross A. Coexistence of atomic and molecular chemisorption states: H(2)/Pd(210). Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:096103. [PMID: 11531580 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.096103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel H(2) molecular adsorption state on metal surfaces has been detected by temperature-programmed desorption and electron energy loss spectroscopy experiments of the H(2)/Pd(210) system. The molecular nature of this state has been verified by isotope exchange experiments. This molecular state leads to a decrease of the surface work function while atomic hydrogen on Pd(210) causes an increase. Ab initio total-energy calculations have confirmed all experimental findings. Through these calculations the microscopic nature of this novel molecular adsorption state could be identified; it turns out that this state is stabilized by the presence of atomic hydrogen on the Pd(210) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Schmidt
- Institut für Chemie der Freien Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
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37
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Surnev S, Kresse G, Ramsey MG, Netzer FP. Novel interface-mediated metastable oxide phases: vanadium oxides on Pd(111). Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:086102. [PMID: 11497963 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.086102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the growth process of ultrathin films of vanadium oxides on Pd(111), a sequence of novel oxide phases with layer-dependent structures and oscillating oxidation states has been detected experimentally and understood theoretically. These phases are interface mediated and metastable with respect to further oxide growth. Transformation into the stable oxide configuration occurs beyond a critical thickness, where energetics combined with kinetic limitations determine the oxide multilayer structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Surnev
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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38
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Gauthier Y, Schmid M, Padovani S, Lundgren E, Bus V, Kresse G, Redinger J, Varga P. Adsorption sites and ligand effect for CO on an alloy surface: a direct view. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:036103. [PMID: 11461574 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.036103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
CO adsorption on a PtCo(111) surface was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. Comparison of images with chemical contrast of Pt and Co and images showing the CO molecules indicates that CO resides exclusively on top of Pt sites and never on Co. CO bonding is highly sensitive to the chemical environment. The probability to find CO on a Pt atom increases drastically with the number of its Co nearest neighbors. Ab initio calculations show that this ligand effect is due to different positions of the center of the Pt d band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gauthier
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie, CNRS, BP 166 X, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
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39
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Bae C, Freeman DL, Doll JD, Kresse G, Hafner J. Energetics of hydrogen chemisorbed on Cu(110): A first principles calculations study. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1311293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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40
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Wright K, Hillier IH, Vincent MA, Kresse G. Dissociation of water on the surface of galena (PbS): A comparison of periodic and cluster models. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Raybaud P, Hafner J, Kresse G, Toulhoat H. Ab-initio energy profiles for thiophene HDS on the MoS2 (1010) edge-surface. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(99)80422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- S. P. Bates
- Physics Department, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K
| | - M. J. Gillan
- Physics Department, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K
| | - G. Kresse
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Wien, A-1040 Wien, Austria
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43
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Kresse G, Furthmüller J. Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996. [PMID: 9984901 DOI: 10.1016/0927-0256(96)00008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20117] [Impact Index Per Article: 718.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
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44
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Kresse G, Furthmüller J. Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:11169-11186. [PMID: 9984901 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.11169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31846] [Impact Index Per Article: 1137.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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45
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Käckell P, Furthmüller J, Bechstedt F, Kresse G, Hafner J. Characterization of carbon-carbon bonds on the SiC(001)c(2 x 2) surface. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:10304-10307. [PMID: 9984809 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.10304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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46
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47
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Stadler R, Wolf W, Podloucky R, Kresse G, Furthmüller J, Hafner J. Ab initio calculations of the cohesive, elastic, and dynamical properties of CoSi2 by pseudopotential and all-electron techniques. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:1729-1734. [PMID: 9986018 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.1729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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48
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Dong W, Kresse G, Furthmüller J, Hafner J. Chemisorption of H on Pd(111): An ab initio approach with ultrasoft pseudopotentials. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:2157-2166. [PMID: 9986066 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.2157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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49
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Furthmüller J, Hafner J, Kresse G. Dimer reconstruction and electronic surface states on clean and hydrogenated diamond (100) surfaces. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 53:7334-7351. [PMID: 9982181 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.7334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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50
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Furthmüller J, Kresse G, Hafner J, Stumpf R, Scheffler M. Site-selective adsorption of C atoms on Al(111) surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 74:5084-5087. [PMID: 10058679 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.5084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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