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1
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Bartnik A, Banerjee N, Burke D, Crittenden J, Deitrick K, Dobbins J, Gulliford C, Hoffstaetter GH, Li Y, Lou W, Quigley P, Sagan D, Smolenski K, Berg JS, Brooks S, Hulsart R, Mahler G, Meot F, Michnoff R, Peggs S, Roser T, Trbojevic D, Tsoupas N, Miyajima T. CBETA: First Multipass Superconducting Linear Accelerator with Energy Recovery. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:044803. [PMID: 32794783 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.044803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Energy recovery has been achieved in a multipass linear accelerator, demonstrating a technology for more compact particle accelerators operating at higher currents and reduced energy consumption. Energy delivered to the beam during the first four passes through the accelerating structure was recovered during four subsequent decelerating passes. High-energy efficiency was achieved by the use of superconducting accelerating cavities and permanent magnets. The fixed-field alternating-gradient optical system used for the return loop successfully transported electron bunches of 42, 78, 114, and 150 MeV in a common vacuum chamber. This new kind of accelerator, an eight-pass energy recovery linac, has the potential to accelerate much higher current than existing linear accelerators while maintaining small beam dimensions and consuming much less energy per electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bartnik
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - N Banerjee
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - D Burke
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - J Crittenden
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - K Deitrick
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - J Dobbins
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - C Gulliford
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - G H Hoffstaetter
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - Y Li
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - W Lou
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - P Quigley
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - D Sagan
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - K Smolenski
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - J S Berg
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Brooks
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Hulsart
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - G Mahler
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - F Meot
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Michnoff
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Peggs
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Roser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Trbojevic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - N Tsoupas
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Miyajima
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
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2
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Petrushina I, Litvinenko VN, Jing Y, Ma J, Pinayev I, Shih K, Wang G, Wu YH, Altinbas Z, Brutus JC, Belomestnykh S, Di Lieto A, Inacker P, Jamilkowski J, Mahler G, Mapes M, Miller T, Narayan G, Paniccia M, Roser T, Severino F, Skaritka J, Smart L, Smith K, Soria V, Than Y, Tuozzolo J, Wang E, Xiao B, Xin T, Ben-Zvi I, Boulware C, Grimm T, Mihara K, Kayran D, Rao T. High-Brightness Continuous-Wave Electron Beams from Superconducting Radio-Frequency Photoemission Gun. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:244801. [PMID: 32639812 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.244801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Continuous-wave photoinjectors operating at high accelerating gradients promise to revolutionize many areas of science and applications. They can establish the basis for a new generation of monochromatic x-ray free electron lasers, high-brightness hadron beams, or a new generation of microchip production. In this Letter we report on the record-performing superconducting rf electron gun with CsK_{2}Sb photocathode. The gun is generating high charge electron bunches (up to 10 nC/bunch) and low transverse emittances, while operating for months with a single photocathode. This achievement opens a new era in generating high-power beams with a very high average brightness.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Petrushina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V N Litvinenko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Jing
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Ma
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I Pinayev
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Shih
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - G Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y H Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Z Altinbas
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J C Brutus
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Belomestnykh
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Di Lieto
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Inacker
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Jamilkowski
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Mahler
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Mapes
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Miller
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Narayan
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Paniccia
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Roser
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - F Severino
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Skaritka
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Smart
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Smith
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V Soria
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Than
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Tuozzolo
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E Wang
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Xiao
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Xin
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I Ben-Zvi
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Boulware
- Niowave Inc., Lansing, Michigan 48906, USA
| | - T Grimm
- Niowave Inc., Lansing, Michigan 48906, USA
| | - K Mihara
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - D Kayran
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Rao
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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3
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Fedotov AV, Altinbas Z, Belomestnykh S, Ben-Zvi I, Blaskiewicz M, Brennan M, Bruno D, Brutus C, Costanzo M, Drees A, Fischer W, Fite J, Gaowei M, Gassner D, Gu X, Halinski J, Hamdi K, Hammons L, Harvey M, Hayes T, Hulsart R, Inacker P, Jamilkowski J, Jing Y, Kewisch J, Kankiya P, Kayran D, Lehn R, Liaw CJ, Litvinenko V, Liu C, Ma J, Mahler G, Mapes M, Marusic A, Mernick K, Mi C, Michnoff R, Miller T, Minty M, Narayan G, Nayak S, Nguyen L, Paniccia M, Pinayev I, Polizzo S, Ptitsyn V, Rao T, Robert-Demolaize G, Roser T, Sandberg J, Schoefer V, Schultheiss C, Seletskiy S, Severino F, Shrey T, Smart L, Smith K, Song H, Sukhanov A, Than R, Thieberger P, Trabocchi S, Tuozzolo J, Wanderer P, Wang E, Wang G, Weiss D, Xiao B, Xin T, Xu W, Zaltsman A, Zhao H, Zhao Z. Experimental Demonstration of Hadron Beam Cooling Using Radio-Frequency Accelerated Electron Bunches. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:084801. [PMID: 32167359 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.084801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cooling of beams of gold ions using electron bunches accelerated with radio-frequency systems was recently experimentally demonstrated in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Such an approach is new and opens the possibility of using this technique at higher energies than possible with electrostatic acceleration of electron beams. The challenges of this approach include generation of electron beams suitable for cooling, delivery of electron bunches of the required quality to the cooling sections without degradation of beam angular divergence and energy spread, achieving the required small angles between electron and ion trajectories in the cooling sections, precise velocity matching between the two beams, high-current operation of the electron accelerator, as well as several physics effects related to bunched-beam cooling. Here we report on the first demonstration of cooling hadron beams using this new approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Fedotov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Altinbas
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Belomestnykh
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I Ben-Zvi
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Blaskiewicz
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Brennan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Bruno
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Brutus
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Costanzo
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Drees
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Fischer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fite
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Gaowei
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Gassner
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Gu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Halinski
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Hamdi
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Hammons
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Harvey
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Hayes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Hulsart
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Inacker
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Jamilkowski
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Jing
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Kewisch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Kankiya
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Kayran
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lehn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C J Liaw
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V Litvinenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Liu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Mahler
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Mapes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Marusic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Mernick
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Mi
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Michnoff
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Miller
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Minty
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Narayan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Nayak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Nguyen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Paniccia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I Pinayev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Polizzo
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V Ptitsyn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Rao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - T Roser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Sandberg
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V Schoefer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Schultheiss
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Seletskiy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - F Severino
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Shrey
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Smart
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Smith
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Song
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Sukhanov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Than
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Thieberger
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Trabocchi
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Tuozzolo
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Wanderer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Weiss
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Xiao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Xin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Zaltsman
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Zhao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Zhao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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Bolotnikov AE, Ackley K, Camarda GS, Cherches C, Cui Y, De Geronimo G, Fried J, Hodges D, Hossain A, Lee W, Mahler G, Maritato M, Petryk M, Roy U, Salwen C, Vernon E, Yang G, James RB. An array of virtual Frisch-grid CdZnTe detectors and a front-end application-specific integrated circuit for large-area position-sensitive gamma-ray cameras. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:073114. [PMID: 26233363 DOI: 10.1063/1.4927455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We developed a robust and low-cost array of virtual Frisch-grid CdZnTe detectors coupled to a front-end readout application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for spectroscopy and imaging of gamma rays. The array operates as a self-reliant detector module. It is comprised of 36 close-packed 6 × 6 × 15 mm(3) detectors grouped into 3 × 3 sub-arrays of 2 × 2 detectors with the common cathodes. The front-end analog ASIC accommodates up to 36 anode and 9 cathode inputs. Several detector modules can be integrated into a single- or multi-layer unit operating as a Compton or a coded-aperture camera. We present the results from testing two fully assembled modules and readout electronics. The further enhancement of the arrays' performance and reduction of their cost are possible by using position-sensitive virtual Frisch-grid detectors, which allow for accurate corrections of the response of material non-uniformities caused by crystal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Bolotnikov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - K Ackley
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - G S Camarda
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - C Cherches
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - Y Cui
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - G De Geronimo
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - J Fried
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - D Hodges
- University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
| | - A Hossain
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - W Lee
- Korea University, Seoul 136-855, South Korea
| | - G Mahler
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - M Maritato
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - M Petryk
- SUNY Binghamton, Vestal, New York 13902, USA
| | - U Roy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - C Salwen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - E Vernon
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - G Yang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
| | - R B James
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA
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Mahler G. Sonderforschungsbereiche Stellen Sich Vor: Sfb 329: Physikalische und chemische Grundlagen der Molekularelektronik. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/phbl.19910470906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Jahnke T, Mahler G. Effective environments: preparation of stationary states with inverse temperature ranging from positive to negative values. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 84:011129. [PMID: 21867135 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.011129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss how effective environments incorporating periodic measurements can be used to prepare a two-level system (TLS) in almost arbitrary thermal states: Concretely, we study a TLS coupled to a spin environment, the magnetization of which is measured periodically. In ensemble average these measurements cause a relaxation of the TLS into a thermal (diagonal) state. By adjusting the time between the measurements and the detuning of the environmental spins, the creation of very low temperatures as well as inversion becomes possible. Our analytical results derived for large environments are numerically shown to be valid even for quite small environments, down to only a few spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jahnke
- Institut für Theoretische Physik 1, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Jahnke T, Lanéry S, Mahler G. Operational approach to fluctuations of thermodynamic variables in finite quantum systems. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 83:011109. [PMID: 21405663 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.011109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we present a quantum approach to the old problem of temperature fluctuations. We start by observing that according to quantum thermodynamics, fluctuations of intensive parameters like temperature cannot exist. Furthermore, such parameters are not observables, so their estimation has to be done indirectly. The respective temperature estimate based on quantum measurements of the energy is shown to fluctuate according to the well-known formula ΔT(2)=k(B)T(2)/C, but only within a certain temperature range and if the system is not too small. We also calculate the fourth-order correction term, becoming important at higher temperatures. Finally we illustrate our results with a concrete model of n spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jahnke
- Institut für Theoretische Physik 1, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Waldherr G, Mahler G. Lasing process in a closed bipartite quantum system: a thermodynamical analysis. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 81:061122. [PMID: 20866393 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.061122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Closed weakly bound bipartite quantum systems typically exhibit relaxation behavior with respect to the smaller subsystem. Here, we investigate a model composed of a finite spin network with one interfacing spin being coupled to a single electromagnetic field mode via the Jaynes-Cummings interaction. The initial pure state of the system can be chosen such that the resulting thermodynamical relaxation process is lasing/nonlasing relaxation or energy back flow from the field mode. We examine the properties of the field mode with quantum optical methods. During the lasing process, the field mode is in a phase-diffused Glauber state with no optical coherence. The thermodynamical analysis of our system is consistent with this finding: The total energy exchanged between both subsystems is found to be heat only. Yet the mapping of this function onto a thermodynamic heat engine appears to be of limited value.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Waldherr
- Institute of Theoretical Physics I, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Youssef M, Mahler G, Obada ASF. Quantum optical thermodynamic machines: lasing as relaxation. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2009; 80:061129. [PMID: 20365140 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.061129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the growing interest in the nanophysics and the field of quantum thermodynamics we study an open quantum system consisting of two spatially separated two-level atoms (spins) coupled to a quantum oscillator (resonator field mode). There is no external driving. The spins of different energy splittings are each linked to a heat bath with different temperature. We find that the temperature gradient imposed on the system together with the oscillator operating as a kind of work reservoir makes this system act as a thermodynamic machine, in particular, as a heat engine (laser). We analyze the properties of the resulting resonator field and of the engine functionality. For the latter problem we use recently developed definitions of heat flux and power as well as a test, in which the resulting field is used as an input for a heat pump.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Youssef
- Institute of Theoretical Physics I, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Sellanes D, Scarone L, Mahler G, Manta E, Baz A, Dematteis S, Saldana J, Dominguez L, Wipf P, Serra G. Synthesis and Evaluation of Anthelmintic and Cytotoxic Properties of Bis- 1,3-Azole Analogs of Natural Products. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2006. [DOI: 10.2174/157018006775240962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Abstract
We reinterpret the microcanonical conditions in the quantum domain as constraints for the interaction of the "gas subsystem" under consideration and its environment ("container"). The time average of a purity measure is found to equal the average over the respective path in Hilbert space. We then show that for typical (degenerate or nondegenerate) thermodynamical systems almost all states within the allowed region of Hilbert space have a local von Neumann entropy S close to the maximum and a purity P close to its minimum, respectively. Typically, thermodynamical systems should obey the second law.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gemmer
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
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14
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Nudel C, Gonzalez R, Castañeda N, Mahler G, Actis LA. Influence of iron on growth, production of siderophore compounds, membrane proteins, and lipase activity in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus BD 413. Microbiol Res 2001; 155:263-9. [PMID: 11297356 DOI: 10.1016/s0944-5013(01)80003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus BD413 was examined for production of siderophores and iron-repressible outer membrane proteins following growth in iron-restricted media. The iron-scavenging phenotype was associated with the secretion of iron-repressible catechol and the induction of a group of six outer membrane proteins with molecular weights ranging from 34 to 85 kDa. The amount of catechol produced was dependent on medium composition and iron stringency. The relation between iron limitation and lipase production was studied at the level of lipA transcription and extracellular lipase activity. In minimal medium, iron limitation slightly affected lipA expression but decreased exo-lipase activity significantly. However, if iron limitation and rich nitrogen sources were simultaneously present in the culture media, the production of lipase was increased approximately 4 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nudel
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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15
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Abstract
Mg2+ level affected growth, xylitol and ethanol production by P. stipitis grown under microaerophilic conditions. Low Mg2+ level (1 mM) directed the C flux from ethanol to xylitol, with no effect on xylose consumption rate. The addition of pyrazole, an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor, had the same effect, even in conditions of Mg2+ excess (4 mM), indicating a negative interaction between ADH and Mg2+ ions (p << 0.01). Cells grown either with pyrazole or Mg limitation increased their intracellular NADH concentration about 3 times, but displayed no significant differences in ADH specific activities (1,000 U/mg protein, +/- 10%). In contrast, no interaction was measured between Mg and antimycin A, excluding the possibility that Mg2+ limitation interferes with respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mahler
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
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16
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Mahler G, Barth U, Grab D, Kächele H, Kreienberg R, Zimmer I, Brisch KH. [Coping strategies of high-risk pregnancies with threat of premature birthø]. Zentralbl Gynakol 1999; 121 Suppl 1:31-4. [PMID: 10467674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Mahler
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatische Medizin Ulm
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17
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Abstract
We show that the influence of quantum fluctuations in the electromagnetic field vacuum on a two level atom can be measured and consequently compensated by balanced homodyne detection and a coherent feedback field. This compensation suppresses the decoherence associated with spontaneous emissions for a specific state of the atomic system allowing complete control of the coherent state of the system.
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18
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20
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Binder E, Kuhn T, Mahler G. Coherent intraband and interband dynamics in double quantum wells: Exciton and free-carrier effects. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 50:18319-18329. [PMID: 9976267 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.18319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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21
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An NB, Mahler G. Polaritons in semiconductor multiple-quantum-well structures with Förster-type interwell coupling. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 50:17256-17266. [PMID: 9976127 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.17256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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22
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Schilp J, Kuhn T, Mahler G. Electron-phonon quantum kinetics in pulse-excited semiconductors: Memory and renormalization effects. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 50:5435-5447. [PMID: 9976886 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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23
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Dellacassa E, Mahler G, Szwedzki D, Moyna P, Alonso E, Maffei M. New Chemotypes ofOriganumxapplii(Domin) Boros from Uruguay. Journal of Essential Oil Research 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1994.9698404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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25
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Körner H, Mahler G. Optically driven quantum networks: Applications in molecular electronics. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 48:2335-2346. [PMID: 10008626 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.2335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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26
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Körner H, Mahler G. Cooperative few-level fluctuations in coupled quantum systems. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 47:3206-3217. [PMID: 9960372 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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27
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Bacher G, Hartmann C, Schweizer H, Held T, Mahler G, Nickel H. Exciton dynamics in InxGa1-xAs/GaAs quantum-well heterostructures: Competition between capture and thermal emission. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 47:9545-9555. [PMID: 10005019 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.9545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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28
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Greiner A, Mahler G. Phenomenological field theories for layered materials: Equations of motion and continuity conditions. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1992; 46:7132-7143. [PMID: 10002420 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.7132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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29
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30
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Nguyen VT, Mahler G. Kinetic description of an electron-LO-phonon system with finite phonon lifetime. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1992; 45:4151-4159. [PMID: 10002027 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.4151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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31
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Held T, Kuhn T, Mahler G. Influence of internal electric fields and surface charges on the transport of an optically generated electron-hole plasma. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:12873-12879. [PMID: 9999466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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32
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Hillmer H, Forchel A, Kuhn T, Mahler G, Meier HP. Optical studies of vertical ambipolar transport and interface recombination velocities in GaAs/Al0.5Ga0.5As double-quantum-well heterostructures. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 43:13992-14000. [PMID: 9997268 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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34
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Wu CH, Mahler G. Quantum network theory of transport with application to the generalized Aharonov-Bohm effect in metals and semiconductors. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 43:5012-5023. [PMID: 9997877 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.5012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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35
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Held T, Kuhn T, Mahler G. Model study of electron-hole plasma transport in a semiconductor slab: Probing internal time scales by multiple laser pulses. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1990; 42:11934-11937. [PMID: 9995506 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.11934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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37
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Held T, Kuhn T, Mahler G. Transport of an optically generated electron-hole plasma in a semiconductor slab: Approach to stationarity. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1990; 41:5144-5151. [PMID: 9994373 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.5144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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38
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Hasenburg K, Sigmund E, Mahler G. Ultrashort solitons in coupled electron-phonon systems. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1990; 41:3627-3637. [PMID: 9994161 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.3627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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39
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Kuhn T, Mahler G. Surface models for perpendicular ambipolar transport in kinetic and hydrodynamic theories. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 40:12147-12154. [PMID: 9991844 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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40
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Kuhn T, Mahler G. Importance of carrier-carrier scattering for the ambipolar transport of optically generated carriers in a thin semiconductor slab. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 39:1194-1201. [PMID: 9948301 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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41
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Teich WG, Anders G, Mahler G. Transition between incompatible properties: Dynamical model for quantum measurement. Phys Rev Lett 1989; 62:1-4. [PMID: 10039533 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.62.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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42
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Comte C, Mahler G. Excitonic reference state of a model semiconductor in the dynamic Stark regime. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1988; 38:10517-10523. [PMID: 9945906 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.10517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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43
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Trong NV, Mahler G, Fourikis A. Kinetic and hydrodynamic description of the electron-acoustic-phonon system in a double heterostructure. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1988; 38:7674-7679. [PMID: 9945494 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.7674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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44
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Teich WG, Obermayer K, Mahler G. Structural basis of multistationary quantum systems. II. Effective few-particle dynamics. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1988; 37:8111-8121. [PMID: 9944142 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.8111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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45
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Obermayer K, Teich WG, Mahler G. Structural basis of multistationary quantum systems. I. Effective single-particle dynamics. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1988; 37:8096-8110. [PMID: 9944141 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.8096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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46
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Fourikis A, Mahler G. Ambipolar density and temperature profiles of an electron-hole plasma within a semiconductor slab. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1988; 37:4766-4769. [PMID: 9945139 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.4766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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47
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48
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Fourikis A, Mahler G. Quantum transport in the coupled electron-acoustic-phonon system: Application to energy transport in Si and Ge. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1987; 36:9649-9656. [PMID: 9942862 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.9649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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49
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Streib HM, Mahler G. Lattice theory of ideal hetero structures: Influence of interface models on phonon propagation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01303770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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50
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Obermayer K, Mahler G, Haken H. Multistable quantum systems: Information processing at microscopic levels. Phys Rev Lett 1987; 58:1792-1795. [PMID: 10034537 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.58.1792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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