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Blanco N, Lavoie MC, Ngeno C, Wangusi R, Jumbe M, Kimonye F, Ndaga A, Ndichu G, Makokha V, Awuor P, Momanyi E, Oyuga R, Nzyoka S, Mutisya I, Joseph R, Miruka F, Musingila P, Stafford KA, Lascko T, Ngunu C, Owino E, Kiplangat A, Abuya K, Koech E. Effects of Multi-Month Dispensing on Clinical Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Analysis Conducted in Kenya. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:583-590. [PMID: 38127168 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Multi-month dispensing (MMD) has been widely adopted by national HIV programs as a key strategy for improving the quality of HIV care and treatment services while meeting the unique needs of diverse client populations. We assessed the clinical outcomes of clients receiving MMD in Kenya by conducting a retrospective cohort study using routine programmatic data in 32 government health facilities in Kenya. We included clients who were eligible for multi-month antiretroviral therapy (ART) dispensing for ≥ 3 months (≥ 3MMD) according to national guidelines. The primary exposure was enrollment into ≥ 3MMD. The outcomes were lost to follow-up (LTFU) and viral rebound. Multilevel modified-Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were used to compare clinical outcomes between clients enrolled in ≥ 3MMD and those receiving ART dispensing for less than 3 months (< 3MMD). A total of 3,501 clients eligible for ≥ 3MMD were included in the analysis, of whom 65% were enrolled in ≥ 3MMD at entry into the cohort. There was no difference in LTFU of ≥ 180 days between the two types of care (aRR 1.1, 95% CI 0.7-1.6), while ≥ 3MMD was protective for viral rebound (aRR 0.1 95% CI 0.0-0.2). As more diverse client-focused service delivery models are being implemented, robust evaluations are essential to guide the implementation, monitor progress, and assess acceptability and effectiveness to deliver optimal people-centered care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Blanco
- Centre for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity (Ciheb), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - M C Lavoie
- Centre for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity (Ciheb), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Global Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C Ngeno
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - R Wangusi
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - M Jumbe
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - F Kimonye
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - A Ndaga
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - G Ndichu
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - V Makokha
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - P Awuor
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - E Momanyi
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - R Oyuga
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - S Nzyoka
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - I Mutisya
- Division of Global HIV & TB (DGHT), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - R Joseph
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - F Miruka
- Division of Global HIV & TB (DGHT), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - P Musingila
- Division of Global HIV & TB (DGHT), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - K A Stafford
- Centre for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity (Ciheb), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Global Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T Lascko
- Centre for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity (Ciheb), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C Ngunu
- Nairobi Metropolitan Services Health Management Team, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - E Owino
- Migori County Health Management Team, Western, Kenya
| | - A Kiplangat
- Nairobi Metropolitan Services Health Management Team, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - K Abuya
- Kisii County Health Management Team, Western, Kenya
| | - E Koech
- Center for International Health Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb), MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi, Kenya
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