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Ibrahim FA, Mehta UM, Thekkumkara SN, Rakesh KR, Swetha G, Kumar CN, Kumar KJ, Narayana A, Ravisundar S, Satyanarayana P, Thirthalli J. Multivariate associations between cognition and neighborhood geospatial characteristics in schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 84:103593. [PMID: 37084467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment contributes to functional impairment in schizophrenia. Yet, little is known about how environmental characteristics are related to cognition in schizophrenia. By examining how cognition and the environment are intertwined, it may be possible to identify modifiable risk and protective factors that can improve cognitive outcomes in schizophrenia. We aimed to identify multivariate associations between cognition and three geospatial characteristics (built-space density, habitable green spaces, and public spaces for social interaction) within one's immediate neighborhood among individuals with schizophrenia. We recruited participants with schizophrenia from three sites - an urban metropolitan and two towns in southern India. We administered standard cognitive assessments and performed a principal axis factoring to identify episodic memory, cognitive control, and social inference-making factors for use in further analyses. We estimated geospatial characteristics of an individual's neighborhood, i.e., up to 1 km2 around the residence, by sourcing data from Google Earth. We performed unconditional and conditional (to examine the effect of clinical covariates) canonical correlation analyses to understand the multivariate relationship between cognition and geospatial characteristics. We analyzed data from 208 participants; the first canonical cognitive variate (higher social inference-making and poorer cognitive control) shared 24% of the variance (r = 0.49; P < 0.001) with the first geospatial variate (lower built density and poorer access to public spaces). Years of education, age at onset, and place of residence significantly modulated this relationship. We observe differential associations of the built environment with social and non-social cognition in schizophrenia, and highlight the clinical and demographic characteristics that shape these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferose Azeez Ibrahim
- Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta
- Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
| | - Sreekanth N Thekkumkara
- Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - K R Rakesh
- Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - G Swetha
- Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - C Naveen Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Keshav J Kumar
- Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | | | | | | | - Jagadisha Thirthalli
- Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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Gopi T, Swetha G, Shekar SC, Krishna R, Ramakrishna C, Saini B, Rao P. Ozone catalytic oxidation of toluene over 13X zeolite supported metal oxides and the effect of moisture on the catalytic process. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Abstract
The title compound, C13H10INO, is not planar as the dihedral angle between the planes of the two aryl rings is 44.5 (9)°. The configuration about the central C=N bond is E, and there is an intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond which generates an S(6) ring. The molecular packing is stabilized by weak C—H...π interactions. The structure was refined as a two-component inversion twin.
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Swetha G, Kattappagari KK, Poosarla CS, Chandra LP, Gontu SR, Badam VRR. Quantitative analysis of dental age estimation by incremental line of cementum. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2018; 22:138-142. [PMID: 29731572 PMCID: PMC5917523 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_175_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to examine the correlation between age and number of incremental lines in human dental cementum among single-rooted teeth (incisors and canines) and to assess the best tooth to estimate age group by studying cementum under phase-contrast microscope and to assess the use of cementum in age estimation. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology. A sample of eighty single-rooted undecalcified longitudinal ground sections is prepared from freshly collected teeth with age noted separately and observed under phase-contrast microscope, photographed and counted. Counting the number of alternating dark and light lines of the cementum and adding them to the average age at which the analyzed tooth erupts provided an estimate of the chronological age of the individual. Results: The results obtained in the present study were statistically significant and positive correlation was observed between the actual age and the estimated age. The number of incremental lines was found to be gradually increased with increase in age of the individual. On an average, ±2 years of age difference were observed in our study on comparing the actual age with estimated age. Conclusion: Hence, the incremental lines of the cementum were found to be gradually increased with increase in age and hence can be used as one of the adjuvant tools in dental age estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Swetha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Kattappagari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Chandra Shekar Poosarla
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Lalith Prakash Chandra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sridhar Reddy Gontu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Venkata Ramana Reddy Badam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Abstract
The title compound, C14H13NO, is not planar with the dihedral angle between the planes of the two aryl rings being 6.22 (11)°. The configuration about the imine bond isE. An intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond generates anS(6) loop. In the crystal, molecules assemble into columns parallel to theaaxis. The methyl group is disordered over two positions rotated from each other by 60°.
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Abstract
The title compound, C13H10FNO, is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.022 Å) and the dihedral angle between the planes of the two aryl rings is 0.69 (15)°. An intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond generates anS(6) ring. The crystal structure features C—H...O hydrogen bonds.
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Subhashini NJP, Swetha G, Shivaraj. Synthesis and characterization of novel bis-triazolyl quinazolinones. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s107036321708028x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gopi T, Swetha G, Chandra Shekar S, Ramakrishna C, Saini B, Krishna R, Rao P. Catalytic decomposition of ozone on nanostructured potassium and proton containing δ-MnO2 catalysts. CATAL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Ramakrishna C, Krishna R, Saini B, Gopi T, Swetha G, Chandra Shekar S. A simple and controlled oxidative decontamination of sulfur mustard and its simulants using ozone gas. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2015.1130047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Ramakrishna
- Evaluation Facility, Chemical Defence Equipments Evaluation Facility (CDEF), Defence R&D Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | - R. Krishna
- Evaluation Facility, Chemical Defence Equipments Evaluation Facility (CDEF), Defence R&D Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | - Bijendra Saini
- Evaluation Facility, Chemical Defence Equipments Evaluation Facility (CDEF), Defence R&D Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | - T. Gopi
- Evaluation Facility, Chemical Defence Equipments Evaluation Facility (CDEF), Defence R&D Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | - G. Swetha
- Evaluation Facility, Chemical Defence Equipments Evaluation Facility (CDEF), Defence R&D Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | - S. Chandra Shekar
- Evaluation Facility, Chemical Defence Equipments Evaluation Facility (CDEF), Defence R&D Establishment, Gwalior, India
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Ramakrishna C, Krishna R, Gopi T, Swetha G, Saini B, Chandra Shekar S, Srivastava A. Complete oxidation of 1,4-dioxane over zeolite-13X-supported Fe catalysts in the presence of air. Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(15)61030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Padmaja PG, Shwetha BL, Swetha G, Patil JV. Oxidative enzyme changes in sorghum infested by shoot fly. J Insect Sci 2014; 14:193. [PMID: 25480976 PMCID: PMC5634055 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This research investigated the role of oxidative enzymes in the defense response of sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poales: Poaceae), to the sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae). Changes in polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity and total protein content were observed in resistant and susceptible sorghum genotypes in response to A. soccata feeding. Resistant plants exhibited higher levels of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities and total protein content compared with susceptible plants. Peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities and total protein content in the infested resistant and susceptible genotypes were higher when compared with their control plants, respectively. These findings suggest that resistant genotypes may be able to tolerate shoot fly feeding by increasing their peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities. Among the enzymes examined, differences in isozyme profiles for peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were detected between control and infested IS 18551, M35-1, 296B, SSV 84, and DJ 6514 plants. Differences in protein profiles were observed between A. soccata infested and their respective uninfested controls of all the genotypes. In conclusion, this study revealed that these defense enzymes and proteins might attribute to the resistance mechanisms in sorghum plants against A. soccata infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Padmaja
- Directorate of Sorghum Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
| | - B L Shwetha
- Directorate of Sorghum Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
| | - G Swetha
- Directorate of Sorghum Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
| | - J V Patil
- Directorate of Sorghum Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
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Hari A, Laxmi Rao CV, Swetha G, Jijiya A. Torsion of the postmenopausal uterus: A surgical emergency. J Dr NTR Univ Health Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.4103/2277-8632.117194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Swetha G, Chandra V, Phadnis S, Bhonde R. Glomerular parietal epithelial cells of adult murine kidney undergo EMT to generate cells with traits of renal progenitors. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 15:396-413. [PMID: 19840197 PMCID: PMC3822804 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glomerular parietal epithelial cells (GPECs) are known to revert to embryonic phenotype in response to renal injury. However, the mechanism of de-differentiation in GPECs and the underlying cellular processes are not fully understood. In the present study, we show that cultured GPECs of adult murine kidney undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to generate cells, which express CD24, CD44 and CD29 surface antigens. Characterization by qRT-PCR and immunostaining of these clonogenic cells demonstrate that they exhibit metastable phenotype with co-expression of both epithelial (cytokeratin-18) and mesenchymal (vimentin) markers. Transcript analysis by qRT-PCR revealed high expression of metanephric mesenchymal (Pax-2, WT-1, Six-1, Eya-1, GDNF) and uteric bud (Hoxb-7, C-Ret) genes in these cells, indicating their bipotent progenitor status. Incubation of GPECs with EMT blocker Prostaglandin E2, resulted in low expression of renal progenitor markers reflecting the correlation between EMT and acquired stemness in these cells. Additional in vitro renal commitment assays confirmed their functional staminality. When injected into E13.5 kidney rudiments, the cells incorporated into the developing kidney primordia and co-culture with E13.5 spinal cord resulted in branching and tubulogenesis in these cells. When implanted under renal capsule of unilaterally nephrectomized mice, these cells differentiated into immature glomeruli and vascular ducts. Our study demonstrates that EMT plays a major role in imparting plasticity to terminally differentiated GPECs by producing metastable cells with traits of kidney progenitors. The present study would improve our understanding on epithelial cell plasticity, furthering our knowledge of its role in renal repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Swetha
- Tissue Engineering and Banking Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India
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