1
|
Rosenberg E, Andersen TI, Samajdar R, Petukhov A, Hoke JC, Abanin D, Bengtsson A, Drozdov IK, Erickson C, Klimov PV, Mi X, Morvan A, Neeley M, Neill C, Acharya R, Allen R, Anderson K, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Bilmes A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Campero J, Chang HS, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Debroy DM, Barba ADT, Demura S, Di Paolo A, Dunsworth A, Earle C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Garcia G, Genois É, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Dau AG, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hill G, Hoffmann MR, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Ioffe LB, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lensky YD, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Mandrà S, Martin O, Martin S, McClean JR, McEwen M, Meeks S, Miao KC, Mieszala A, Montazeri S, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O'Brien TE, Omonije S, Opremcak A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rhodes DM, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Sivak V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma RD, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Thor D, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Babbush R, Bacon D, Boixo S, Hilton J, Lucero E, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Smelyanskiy V, Khemani V, Gopalakrishnan S, Prosen T, Roushan P. Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain. Science 2024; 384:48-53. [PMID: 38574139 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi7877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class based on the scaling of the infinite-temperature spin-spin correlation function. In a chain of 46 superconducting qubits, we studied the probability distribution of the magnetization transferred across the chain's center, [Formula: see text]. The first two moments of [Formula: see text] show superdiffusive behavior, a hallmark of KPZ universality. However, the third and fourth moments ruled out the KPZ conjecture and allow for evaluating other theories. Our results highlight the importance of studying higher moments in determining dynamic universality classes and provide insights into universal behavior in quantum systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Rosenberg
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - R Samajdar
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - J C Hoke
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - D Abanin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - I K Drozdov
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | | | | | - X Mi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Morvan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Neeley
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Neill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Acharya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Allen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M Ansmann
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - F Arute
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K Arya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Asfaw
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Atalaya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J C Bardin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - A Bilmes
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Bortoli
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Bovaird
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Brill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - D A Buell
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Burger
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Burkett
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Campero
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - H-S Chang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Chiaro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Chik
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Cogan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Collins
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Conner
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - A L Crook
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Curtin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - S Demura
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - C Earle
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Faoro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Farhi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - E Forati
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - B Foxen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Garcia
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - É Genois
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Giang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Gidney
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Gilboa
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R Gosula
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J A Gross
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M C Hamilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - M Hansen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - P Heu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Hill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - S Hong
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Huang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Huff
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - L B Ioffe
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Iveland
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Jeffrey
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z Jiang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Jones
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Juhas
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Kafri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Khattar
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Khezri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Kieferová
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- QSI, Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - S Kim
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Kitaev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A R Klots
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A N Korotkov
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - P Laptev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K-M Lau
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Laws
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - K W Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - A T Lill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Liu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - S Mandrà
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - O Martin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - S Martin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M McEwen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - S Meeks
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K C Miao
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M Newman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J H Ng
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Y Niu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - S Omonije
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R Potter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L P Pryadko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | | | - C Rocque
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N C Rubin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Saei
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Sank
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Shorter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Shutty
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - V Shvarts
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - V Sivak
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Skruzny
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R D Somma
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - D Strain
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Szalay
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Thor
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Torres
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Vidal
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - T White
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B W K Woo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Xing
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - P Yeh
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Yoo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Young
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Zalcman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Zhu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Zobrist
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - H Neven
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Babbush
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Bacon
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - S Boixo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Hilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Lucero
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Megrant
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Kelly
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - V Khemani
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - T Prosen
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Roushan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mi X, Michailidis AA, Shabani S, Miao KC, Klimov PV, Lloyd J, Rosenberg E, Acharya R, Aleiner I, Andersen TI, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Bengtsson A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Chou C, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Dau AG, Debroy DM, Del Toro Barba A, Demura S, Di Paolo A, Drozdov IK, Dunsworth A, Erickson C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Genois É, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hoffmann MR, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Ioffe LB, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Kechedzhi K, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lensky YD, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Malone FD, Martin O, McClean JR, McEwen M, Mieszala A, Montazeri S, Morvan A, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Neeley M, Neill C, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O'Brien TE, Opremcak A, Petukhov A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma R, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Babbush R, Bacon D, Boixo S, Hilton J, Lucero E, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Roushan P, Smelyanskiy V, Abanin DA. Stable quantum-correlated many-body states through engineered dissipation. Science 2024; 383:1332-1337. [PMID: 38513021 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh9932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Engineered dissipative reservoirs have the potential to steer many-body quantum systems toward correlated steady states useful for quantum simulation of high-temperature superconductivity or quantum magnetism. Using up to 49 superconducting qubits, we prepared low-energy states of the transverse-field Ising model through coupling to dissipative auxiliary qubits. In one dimension, we observed long-range quantum correlations and a ground-state fidelity of 0.86 for 18 qubits at the critical point. In two dimensions, we found mutual information that extends beyond nearest neighbors. Lastly, by coupling the system to auxiliaries emulating reservoirs with different chemical potentials, we explored transport in the quantum Heisenberg model. Our results establish engineered dissipation as a scalable alternative to unitary evolution for preparing entangled many-body states on noisy quantum processors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Mi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A A Michailidis
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Shabani
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K C Miao
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Lloyd
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - R Acharya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - I Aleiner
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M Ansmann
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - F Arute
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K Arya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Asfaw
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Atalaya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J C Bardin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | - G Bortoli
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Bovaird
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Brill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - D A Buell
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Burger
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Burkett
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Z Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Chiaro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Chik
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Chou
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Cogan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Collins
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Conner
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - A L Crook
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Curtin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A G Dau
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - S Demura
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - L Faoro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Farhi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - E Forati
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - B Foxen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - É Genois
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Giang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Gidney
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Gilboa
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R Gosula
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J A Gross
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M C Hamilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - M Hansen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - P Heu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - S Hong
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Huang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Huff
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - L B Ioffe
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Iveland
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Jeffrey
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z Jiang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Jones
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Juhas
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Kafri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - T Khattar
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Khezri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Kieferová
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Centre for Quantum Software and Information (QSI), Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S Kim
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Kitaev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A R Klots
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A N Korotkov
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - P Laptev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K-M Lau
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Laws
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - K W Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - A T Lill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Liu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - O Martin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M McEwen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - A Morvan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - M Neeley
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Neill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M Newman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J H Ng
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Y Niu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - R Potter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L P Pryadko
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - C Rocque
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N C Rubin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Saei
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Sank
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Shorter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Shutty
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - V Shvarts
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Skruzny
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W C Smith
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Somma
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - D Strain
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Szalay
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Torres
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Vidal
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - T White
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B W K Woo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Xing
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z J Yao
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Yeh
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Yoo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Young
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Zalcman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Zhu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Zobrist
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - H Neven
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Babbush
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Bacon
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - S Boixo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Hilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Lucero
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Megrant
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Kelly
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Roushan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - D A Abanin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hoke JC, Ippoliti M, Rosenberg E, Abanin D, Acharya R, Andersen TI, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Bengtsson A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Dau AG, Debroy DM, Del Toro Barba A, Demura S, Di Paolo A, Drozdov IK, Dunsworth A, Eppens D, Erickson C, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hoffmann MR, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Kechedzhi K, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klimov PV, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lensky YD, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Martin O, McClean JR, McEwen M, Miao KC, Mieszala A, Montazeri S, Morvan A, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Neeley M, Neill C, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O’Brien TE, Omonije S, Opremcak A, Petukhov A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma R, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Babbush R, Bacon D, Boixo S, Hilton J, Lucero E, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Smelyanskiy V, Mi X, Khemani V, Roushan P. Measurement-induced entanglement and teleportation on a noisy quantum processor. Nature 2023; 622:481-486. [PMID: 37853150 PMCID: PMC10584681 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Measurement has a special role in quantum theory1: by collapsing the wavefunction, it can enable phenomena such as teleportation2 and thereby alter the 'arrow of time' that constrains unitary evolution. When integrated in many-body dynamics, measurements can lead to emergent patterns of quantum information in space-time3-10 that go beyond the established paradigms for characterizing phases, either in or out of equilibrium11-13. For present-day noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors14, the experimental realization of such physics can be problematic because of hardware limitations and the stochastic nature of quantum measurement. Here we address these experimental challenges and study measurement-induced quantum information phases on up to 70 superconducting qubits. By leveraging the interchangeability of space and time, we use a duality mapping9,15-17 to avoid mid-circuit measurement and access different manifestations of the underlying phases, from entanglement scaling3,4 to measurement-induced teleportation18. We obtain finite-sized signatures of a phase transition with a decoding protocol that correlates the experimental measurement with classical simulation data. The phases display remarkably different sensitivity to noise, and we use this disparity to turn an inherent hardware limitation into a useful diagnostic. Our work demonstrates an approach to realizing measurement-induced physics at scales that are at the limits of current NISQ processors.
Collapse
|
4
|
Andersen TI, Lensky YD, Kechedzhi K, Drozdov IK, Bengtsson A, Hong S, Morvan A, Mi X, Opremcak A, Acharya R, Allen R, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Babbush R, Bacon D, Bardin JC, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Chou C, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Debroy DM, Del Toro Barba A, Demura S, Dunsworth A, Eppens D, Erickson C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Dau AG, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hilton J, Hoffmann MR, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Ioffe LB, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klimov PV, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Lucero E, Malone FD, Martin O, McClean JR, McCourt T, McEwen M, Miao KC, Mieszala A, Mohseni M, Montazeri S, Mount E, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Naaman O, Neeley M, Neill C, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O’Brien TE, Omonije S, Petukhov A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma R, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Boixo S, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Smelyanskiy V, Kim EA, Aleiner I, Roushan P. Non-Abelian braiding of graph vertices in a superconducting processor. Nature 2023; 618:264-269. [PMID: 37169834 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Indistinguishability of particles is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics1. For all elementary and quasiparticles observed to date-including fermions, bosons and Abelian anyons-this principle guarantees that the braiding of identical particles leaves the system unchanged2,3. However, in two spatial dimensions, an intriguing possibility exists: braiding of non-Abelian anyons causes rotations in a space of topologically degenerate wavefunctions4-8. Hence, it can change the observables of the system without violating the principle of indistinguishability. Despite the well-developed mathematical description of non-Abelian anyons and numerous theoretical proposals9-22, the experimental observation of their exchange statistics has remained elusive for decades. Controllable many-body quantum states generated on quantum processors offer another path for exploring these fundamental phenomena. Whereas efforts on conventional solid-state platforms typically involve Hamiltonian dynamics of quasiparticles, superconducting quantum processors allow for directly manipulating the many-body wavefunction by means of unitary gates. Building on predictions that stabilizer codes can host projective non-Abelian Ising anyons9,10, we implement a generalized stabilizer code and unitary protocol23 to create and braid them. This allows us to experimentally verify the fusion rules of the anyons and braid them to realize their statistics. We then study the prospect of using the anyons for quantum computation and use braiding to create an entangled state of anyons encoding three logical qubits. Our work provides new insights about non-Abelian braiding and, through the future inclusion of error correction to achieve topological protection, could open a path towards fault-tolerant quantum computing.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ito H, Sakamaki K, Young G, Blair P, Lane A, Kobayashi K, Drake M. Predicting prostate surgery outcome in men with lower urinary tract symptoms to derive symptom score and flowmetry thresholds. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
6
|
Kutuk T, McAllister N, Rzepczynski A, Young G, Crawley M, Kaiser A, Contreras J, Kalman N. Submandibular Gland Transfer for the Prevention of Radiation Induced Xerostomia in Head and Neck Cancer — Dosimetric Impact With Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
7
|
Simpson R, Ross C, Smith P, Ilyas R, Hoyle A, Chow K, Young G. Outcomes of a modified Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) service offering multiple sessions and including patients with poor prognostic factors during the Coronavirus pandemic. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
8
|
Young G, Chen Y, Yang M. Concentrations, distribution, and risk assessment of heavy metals in the iron tailings of Yeshan National Mine Park in Nanjing, China. Chemosphere 2021; 271:129546. [PMID: 33465621 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, a field survey was conducted to investigate the present situation, vertical distribution and ecological risks of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Pb and As) from 21 in-situ samples drilled out from Yeshan iron mine tailings in the Jiangsu Province of China. The heavy metal contents obtained for the tailing wastes in decreasing order were as follows: Mn > Cu > Zn > As > Cr > Pb. The contents of heavy metals varied with depth, and the variation trends were not completely consistent. Vertical distribution profiles showed that heavy metals accumulated in certain strata. Both the monomial potential ecological risk factor (E) and the risk quotient (RQ) showed a high ecological risk for Cu, Mn and As. The comprehensive ecological risk index (RI) also indicated that the wastes presented a high ecological risk level, to which Cu, Mn and As were the key contributors. Our study showed that the health of individuals, especially children, living in the mining-impacted areas could be affected by the potential noncarcinogenic risk of copper, manganese and the carcinogenic risk of arsenic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Young
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou, 521031, China; Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanqing Chen
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan, 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Frost F, Nazareth D, Walshaw M, Young G, Winstanley C, Fothergill J. P087 Inhaled and intravenous treatment strategies exert different effects on the lung microbiome during acute pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis: results from the AZTEC-CF study. J Cyst Fibros 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(20)30422-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Sopiwnyk E, Young G, Frohlich P, Borsuk Y, Lagassé S, Boyd L, Bourré L, Sarkar A, Dyck A, Malcolmson L. Effect of pulse flour storage on flour and bread baking properties. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
11
|
Swale M, Young G, Delacroix S, McSpadden L, Ryu K, Di Fiore D, Paul V, Santos M, Tan I, Conradie A, Duong M, Worthley S, Pavia S. 561 The Effect of Device Orientation on R-Wave Amplitudes in the ConfirmRx Cardiac Monitor. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
12
|
Swale M, Young G, Paul V, Di Fiore D, Santos M, Tan I, Conradie A, Delacroix S, McSpadden L, Ryu K, Worthley S, Pavia S. 466 ConfirmRx Device Movement and R-Wave Amplitudes at 30 Days Post Implant. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
13
|
Young G, Greaves K, Chang D, Hwan Lam J, Krastins D, Kriel Y, Russell F, Stanton T, Askew C. 724 Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Measures of Skeletal Muscle Post-Occlusive Hyperaemia: What is the Effect of Occlusion Duration? Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Han W, Qin L, Bay C, Chen X, Yu KH, Miskin N, Li A, Xu X, Young G. Deep Transfer Learning and Radiomics Feature Prediction of Survival of Patients with High-Grade Gliomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:40-48. [PMID: 31857325 PMCID: PMC6975328 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patient survival in high-grade glioma remains poor, despite the recent developments in cancer treatment. As new chemo-, targeted molecular, and immune therapies emerge and show promising results in clinical trials, image-based methods for early prediction of treatment response are needed. Deep learning models that incorporate radiomics features promise to extract information from brain MR imaging that correlates with response and prognosis. We report initial production of a combined deep learning and radiomics model to predict overall survival in a clinically heterogeneous cohort of patients with high-grade gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty patients with high-grade gliomas from our hospital and 128 patients with high-grade glioma from The Cancer Genome Atlas were included. For each patient, we calculated 348 hand-crafted radiomics features and 8192 deep features generated by a pretrained convolutional neural network. We then applied feature selection and Elastic Net-Cox modeling to differentiate patients into long- and short-term survivors. RESULTS In the 50 patients with high-grade gliomas from our institution, the combined feature analysis framework classified the patients into long- and short-term survivor groups with a log-rank test P value < .001. In the 128 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas, the framework classified patients into long- and short-term survivors with a log-rank test P value of .014. For the mixed cohort of 50 patients from our institution and 58 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas, it yielded a log-rank test P value of .035. CONCLUSIONS A deep learning model combining deep and radiomics features can dichotomize patients with high-grade gliomas into long- and short-term survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Han
- From the Department of Radiology (W.H., C.B., X.C., N.M., A.L., X.X., G.Y.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School (W.H., L.Q., C.B., K.-H.Y., N.M., X.X., G.Y.), Boston, Massachusetts
| | - L Qin
- Department of Imaging (L.Q., G.Y.), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School (W.H., L.Q., C.B., K.-H.Y., N.M., X.X., G.Y.), Boston, Massachusetts
| | - C Bay
- From the Department of Radiology (W.H., C.B., X.C., N.M., A.L., X.X., G.Y.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School (W.H., L.Q., C.B., K.-H.Y., N.M., X.X., G.Y.), Boston, Massachusetts
| | - X Chen
- From the Department of Radiology (W.H., C.B., X.C., N.M., A.L., X.X., G.Y.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Radiology (X.C.), Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - K-H Yu
- Harvard Medical School (W.H., L.Q., C.B., K.-H.Y., N.M., X.X., G.Y.), Boston, Massachusetts
| | - N Miskin
- From the Department of Radiology (W.H., C.B., X.C., N.M., A.L., X.X., G.Y.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School (W.H., L.Q., C.B., K.-H.Y., N.M., X.X., G.Y.), Boston, Massachusetts
| | - A Li
- From the Department of Radiology (W.H., C.B., X.C., N.M., A.L., X.X., G.Y.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - X Xu
- From the Department of Radiology (W.H., C.B., X.C., N.M., A.L., X.X., G.Y.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School (W.H., L.Q., C.B., K.-H.Y., N.M., X.X., G.Y.), Boston, Massachusetts
| | - G Young
- From the Department of Radiology (W.H., C.B., X.C., N.M., A.L., X.X., G.Y.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Imaging (L.Q., G.Y.), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School (W.H., L.Q., C.B., K.-H.Y., N.M., X.X., G.Y.), Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pitman B, Tarone R, Jones E, Kadhim K, Linz D, Roberts-Thomson K, Young G, Mariani J, Wong C, Sanders P, Lau D. 210 Does Length of Sensing Vector Matter on the Detection of P- and R- Wave Amplitude in Insertable Cardiac Monitors? Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
16
|
Corrie PG, Marshall A, Nathan PD, Lorigan P, Gore M, Tahir S, Faust G, Kelly CG, Marples M, Danson SJ, Marshall E, Houston SJ, Board RE, Waterston AM, Nobes JP, Harries M, Kumar S, Goodman A, Dalgleish A, Martin-Clavijo A, Westwell S, Casasola R, Chao D, Maraveyas A, Patel PM, Ottensmeier CH, Farrugia D, Humphreys A, Eccles B, Young G, Barker EO, Harman C, Weiss M, Myers KA, Chhabra A, Rodwell SH, Dunn JA, Middleton MR, Nathan P, Lorigan P, Dziewulski P, Holikova S, Panwar U, Tahir S, Faust G, Thomas A, Corrie P, Sirohi B, Kelly C, Middleton M, Marples M, Danson S, Lester J, Marshall E, Ajaz M, Houston S, Board R, Eaton D, Waterston A, Nobes J, Loo S, Gray G, Stubbings H, Gore M, Harries M, Kumar S, Goodman A, Dalgleish A, Martin-Clavijo A, Marsden J, Westwell S, Casasola R, Chao D, Maraveyas A, Marshall E, Patel P, Ottensmeier C, Farrugia D, Humphreys A, Eccles B, Dega R, Herbert C, Price C, Brunt M, Scott-Brown M, Hamilton J, Hayward RL, Smyth J, Woodings P, Nayak N, Burrows L, Wolstenholme V, Wagstaff J, Nicolson M, Wilson A, Barlow C, Scrase C, Podd T, Gonzalez M, Stewart J, Highley M, Wolstenholme V, Grumett S, Goodman A, Talbot T, Nathan K, Coltart R, Gee B, Gore M, Farrugia D, Martin-Clavijo A, Marsden J, Price C, Farrugia D, Nathan K, Coltart R, Nathan K, Coltart R. Adjuvant bevacizumab for melanoma patients at high risk of recurrence: survival analysis of the AVAST-M trial. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:1843-1852. [PMID: 30010756 PMCID: PMC6096737 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanised monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor shown to improve survival in advanced solid cancers. We evaluated the role of adjuvant bevacizumab in melanoma patients at high risk of recurrence. Patients and methods Patients with resected AJCC stage IIB, IIC and III cutaneous melanoma were randomised to receive either adjuvant bevacizumab (7.5 mg/kg i.v. 3 weekly for 1 year) or standard observation. The primary end point was detection of an 8% difference in 5-year overall survival (OS) rate; secondary end points included disease-free interval (DFI) and distant metastasis-free interval (DMFI). Tumour and blood were analysed for prognostic and predictive markers. Results Patients (n=1343) recruited between 2007 and 2012 were predominantly stage III (73%), with median age 56 years (range 18–88 years). With 6.4-year median follow-up, 515 (38%) patients had died [254 (38%) bevacizumab; 261 (39%) observation]; 707 (53%) patients had disease recurrence [336 (50%) bevacizumab, 371 (55%) observation]. OS at 5 years was 64% for both groups [hazard ratio (HR) 0.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82–1.16, P = 0.78). At 5 years, 51% were disease free on bevacizumab versus 45% on observation (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.74–0.99, P = 0.03), 58% were distant metastasis free on bevacizumab versus 54% on observation (HR 0.91; 95% CI 0.78–1.07, P = 0.25). Forty four percent of 682 melanomas assessed had a BRAFV600 mutation. In the observation arm, BRAF mutant patients had a trend towards poorer OS compared with BRAF wild-type patients (P = 0.06). BRAF mutation positivity trended towards better OS with bevacizumab (P = 0.21). Conclusions Adjuvant bevacizumab after resection of high-risk melanoma improves DFI, but not OS. BRAF mutation status may predict for poorer OS untreated and potential benefit from bevacizumab. Clinical Trial Information ISRCTN 81261306; EudraCT Number: 2006-005505-64
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P G Corrie
- Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
| | - A Marshall
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - P D Nathan
- Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, UK
| | - P Lorigan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - M Gore
- Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - S Tahir
- Oncology Research, Broomfield Hospital, Chelmsford, UK
| | - G Faust
- Oncology Department, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - C G Kelly
- Sir Bobby Robson Cancer Trials Research Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - M Marples
- Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - S J Danson
- Weston Park Hospital, Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, Sheffield, UK
| | - E Marshall
- Cancer & Palliative Care, St. Helen's Hospital, St. Helens, UK
| | - S J Houston
- Oncology Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK
| | - R E Board
- Rosemere Cancer Centre, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, UK
| | - A M Waterston
- Clinical Trials Unit, Beatson WOS Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - J P Nobes
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - M Harries
- Guy's & St. Thomas' Hospital, Guy's Cancer Centre, London, UK
| | - S Kumar
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, UK
| | - A Goodman
- Exeter Oncology Centre, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - A Dalgleish
- St George's Hospital, Cancer Centre, London, UK
| | | | - S Westwell
- Sussex Cancer Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK
| | - R Casasola
- Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - D Chao
- Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - P M Patel
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - C H Ottensmeier
- CRUK and NIHR Southampton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - D Farrugia
- Oncology Centre, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK
| | - A Humphreys
- Oncology Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - B Eccles
- Oncology Department, Poole Hospital, Dorset, UK
| | - G Young
- Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - E O Barker
- Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - C Harman
- Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Weiss
- Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - K A Myers
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - A Chhabra
- Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - J A Dunn
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
D'Abate L, Walker S, Yuen RKC, Tammimies K, Buchanan JA, Davies RW, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Wei J, Brian J, Bryson SE, Dobkins K, Howe J, Landa R, Leef J, Messinger D, Ozonoff S, Smith IM, Stone WL, Warren ZE, Young G, Zwaigenbaum L, Scherer SW. Predictive impact of rare genomic copy number variations in siblings of individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5519. [PMID: 31801954 PMCID: PMC6892938 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13380-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of genetic biomarkers associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) could improve recurrence prediction for families with a child with ASD. Here, we describe clinical microarray findings for 253 longitudinally phenotyped ASD families from the Baby Siblings Research Consortium (BSRC), encompassing 288 infant siblings. By age 3, 103 siblings (35.8%) were diagnosed with ASD and 54 (18.8%) were developing atypically. Thirteen siblings have copy number variants (CNVs) involving ASD-relevant genes: 6 with ASD, 5 atypically developing, and 2 typically developing. Within these families, an ASD-related CNV in a sibling has a positive predictive value (PPV) for ASD or atypical development of 0.83; the Simons Simplex Collection of ASD families shows similar PPVs. Polygenic risk analyses suggest that common genetic variants may also contribute to ASD. CNV findings would have been pre-symptomatically predictive of ASD or atypical development in 11 (7%) of the 157 BSRC siblings who were eventually diagnosed clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L D'Abate
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Walker
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R K C Yuen
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K Tammimies
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders at Karolinska Institutet (KIND), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Psychiatry Research, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J A Buchanan
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R W Davies
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - B Thiruvahindrapuram
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Wei
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Brian
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S E Bryson
- Autism Research Centre, IWK Health Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - K Dobkins
- Department of Psychology, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Howe
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Landa
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Leef
- Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Messinger
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - S Ozonoff
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - I M Smith
- Autism Research Centre, IWK Health Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - W L Stone
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Z E Warren
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Vanderbilt Kennedy Centre, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - G Young
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - L Zwaigenbaum
- Autism Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - S W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics, and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Corrie PG, Marshall A, Nathan PD, Lorigan P, Gore M, Tahir S, Faust G, Kelly CG, Marples M, Danson SJ, Marshall E, Houston SJ, Board RE, Waterston AM, Nobes JP, Harries M, Kumar S, Goodman A, Dalgleish A, Martin-Clavijo A, Westwell S, Casasola R, Chao D, Maraveyas A, Patel PM, Ottensmeier CH, Farrugia D, Humphreys A, Eccles B, Young G, Barker EO, Harman C, Weiss M, Myers KA, Chhabra A, Rodwell SH, Dunn JA, Middleton MR. Adjuvant bevacizumab for melanoma patients at high risk of recurrence: survival analysis of the AVAST-M trial. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:2013-2014. [PMID: 31430371 PMCID: PMC6938599 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
19
|
Autefage H, Allen F, Tang HM, Kallepitis C, Gentleman E, Reznikov N, Nitiputri K, Nommeots-Nomm A, O'Donnell MD, Lange C, Seidt BM, Kim TB, Solanki AK, Tallia F, Young G, Lee PD, Pierce BF, Wagermaier W, Fratzl P, Goodship A, Jones JR, Blunn G, Stevens MM. Multiscale analyses reveal native-like lamellar bone repair and near perfect bone-contact with porous strontium-loaded bioactive glass. Biomaterials 2019; 209:152-162. [PMID: 31048149 PMCID: PMC6527862 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The efficient healing of critical-sized bone defects using synthetic biomaterial-based strategies is promising but remains challenging as it requires the development of biomaterials that combine a 3D porous architecture and a robust biological activity. Bioactive glasses (BGs) are attractive candidates as they stimulate a biological response that favors osteogenesis and vascularization, but amorphous 3D porous BGs are difficult to produce because conventional compositions crystallize during processing. Here, we rationally designed a porous, strontium-releasing, bioactive glass-based scaffold (pSrBG) whose composition was tailored to deliver strontium and whose properties were optimized to retain an amorphous phase, induce tissue infiltration and encourage bone formation. The hypothesis was that it would allow the repair of a critical-sized defect in an ovine model with newly-formed bone exhibiting physiological matrix composition and structural architecture. Histological and histomorphometric analyses combined with indentation testing showed pSrBG encouraged near perfect bone-to-material contact and the formation of well-organized lamellar bone. Analysis of bone quality by a combination of Raman spectral imaging, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray fluorescence and focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the repaired tissue was akin to that of normal, healthy bone, and incorporated small amounts of strontium in the newly formed bone mineral. These data show the potential of pSrBG to induce an efficient repair of critical-sized bone defects and establish the importance of thorough multi-scale characterization in assessing biomaterial outcomes in large animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Autefage
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - F Allen
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - H M Tang
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - C Kallepitis
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - E Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - N Reznikov
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - K Nitiputri
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Nommeots-Nomm
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M D O'Donnell
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - C Lange
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, Potsdam, Germany
| | - B M Seidt
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, Potsdam, Germany
| | - T B Kim
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A K Solanki
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - F Tallia
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - G Young
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P D Lee
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - B F Pierce
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - W Wagermaier
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, Potsdam, Germany
| | - P Fratzl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, Potsdam, Germany
| | - A Goodship
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J R Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - G Blunn
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, PO1 2DT Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
| | - M M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
O’Donnell D, Young G, Tan I, Lin T, Swale M, Salkani P, Delecroix S, Duong M, Kim S, Eccleston D, Pavia S. Does Annual Implanter Procedure Volume Predict Complications of Cardiac Devices of Different Complexity? Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
21
|
Iwai S, Worthley S, Sanders P, Young G. Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure: Single Centre Experience using Three Different Devices. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
22
|
O’Donnell D, Young G, Tan I, Swale M, Salkani P, Delacroix S, Kim S, Duong M, Eccleston D, Pavia S. Complication Rates of Cardiac Implantable Electrical Devices - Implanter Specific Predictors. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
23
|
O’Donnell D, Pavia S, Lin T, Swale M, Santos M, Delacroix S, Kim S, Duong M, Eccleston D, Young G. Procedural Characteristics and Outcomes Following Implantation of Cardiac Electrical Devices of Increasing Complexity: Results from GCOR. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
24
|
Hermans C, Mahlangu J, Booth J, Schütz H, Santagostino E, Young G, Lee HY, Steinitz-Trost KN, Blanchette V, Berntorp E. Pharmacokinetic modelling and validation of the half-life extension needed to reduce the burden of infusions compared with standard factor VIII. Haemophilia 2018; 24:376-384. [PMID: 29732708 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, no universally accepted definition of extended half-life (EHL) recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) exists. Identifying the minimum half-life extension ratio required for a reduction in dosing frequency compared with standard rFVIII could enable a more practical approach to decisions around prophylaxis with EHL rFVIII. AIM To identify the half-life extension ratio required to decrease rFVIII dosing frequency by at least 1 day while maintaining the proportion of patients with plasma rFVIII levels above 1 IU/dL and without increasing the total weekly dose. METHODS A previously published population pharmacokinetic model for standard rFVIII was used to estimate the percentage of patients with factor VIII (FVIII) levels always >1 IU/dL using various benchmark regimens. Using modelling, dosing frequency was reduced while rFVIII half-life was extended until the percentage of patients with FVIII >1 IU/dL equalled that of the benchmark regimen. RESULTS Benchmark 3×/wk dosing totalling 100 IU/kg/wk of rFVIII resulted in 56.6% of patients with FVIII levels always >1 IU/dL. With 2×/wk dosing, totalling 80 or 90 IU/kg/wk, half-life extensions required to maintain 56.6% of patients at FVIII levels >1 IU/dL were 1.30 and 1.26, respectively. A half-life extension ratio of 1.33 was required to change dosing from every 48 hours to every 72 hours (both at 105 IU/kg/wk) while maintaining 92.8% of patients with FVIII >1 IU/dL. CONCLUSION Based on this investigation, EHL rFVIII products should have a minimum half-life extension ratio of 1.3 to provide a reduction in dosing frequency from 3× to 2×/wk compared with standard rFVIII products while maintaining the same minimum FVIII trough level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Hermans
- Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit, Division of Haematology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Mahlangu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand and National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - E Santagostino
- A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation, Maggiore Hospital Policlinico of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Young
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - V Blanchette
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Berntorp
- Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mahlangu J, Young G, Hermans C, Blanchette V, Berntorp E, Santagostino E. Defining extended half-life rFVIII-A critical review of the evidence. Haemophilia 2018; 24:348-358. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Mahlangu
- Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand and National Health Laboratory Service; Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - G. Young
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles; University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - C. Hermans
- Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit; Division of Haematology; Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc; Brussels Belgium
| | - V. Blanchette
- Pediatric Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program; Division of Hematology/Oncology; Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - E. Berntorp
- Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis; Lund University; Malmö Sweden
| | - E. Santagostino
- A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center; IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation; Maggiore Hospital Policlinico of Milan; Milan Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Beverly CM, Naughton M, Foraker R, Pennell M, Young G, Hale L, Crane T, Pan K, Danhauer S, Feliciano E, Paskett E. Abstract P6-12-02: Racial/ethnic differences in sleep quality and duration among breast cancer survivors: Results from the women's health initiative (WHI). Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p6-12-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sleep is a crucial factor for optimal health, but breast cancer survivors often report poor sleep quality. It is estimated 20-70% of survivors have at least one sleep problem, which contribute to quality of life and health differences among survivors. Minority groups tend to have poorer sleep quality and shorter sleep duration than Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). African-Americans (AA) with breast cancer have a poorer prognosis than NHW for each stage-specific diagnosis and are twice as likely as NHW to report short sleep duration, yet survivor studies are still lacking in AA participants. The purpose of this study was to examine sleep quality and duration patterns before and after cancer diagnosis by race/ethnicity among WHI breast cancer survivors.
METHODS: There were 12,098 postmenopausal women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer after WHI enrollment who were eligible for this secondary analysis. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were described. The WHI Insomnia Rating Scale (WHIIRS) was measured at multiple time points pre- and post-diagnosis. A higher WHIIRS scores (0-20 points) indicates greater sleep disturbance and ≥9 points identifies clinical insomnia. A linear mixed model was fit to the WHIIRS sleep quality data to examine if the trend in sleep quality with time changed following a cancer diagnosis. For short (<6hrs) and long (≥9hrs) sleep duration, we fit a logistic regression model with multilevel mixed effects.
RESULTS: The majority of participants were NHW (87.4%), mean age at diagnosis was 70.3 years, and 75% had localized breast cancer at diagnosis. At baseline, 30% of women had insomnia. The lowest average WHIIRS score was 5.6 among Asians, and the highest was 6.6 among American-Indians and NHWs (p=0.02). AAs had the most women sleeping ≤5 hrs/night and NHW had the least (19.6% vs 5.7%, p<0.01). At diagnosis, the average WHIIRS score was 7.2. After diagnosis, sleep quality improved in the overall study population (p=0.03). Short sleep duration ranged from 6% before diagnosis, 9% at diagnosis and 11% after diagnosis (p=0.29). Long sleep duration ranged from 3% before diagnosis, 6% at diagnosis and 15% after diagnosis (p=0.43). There was no difference in sleep quality across race after diagnosis (p=0.53). The probability of short sleep and long sleep after diagnosis did not differ significantly across race (p=0.12, p=0.90), however racial minorities tended to have higher probabilities of short sleep at diagnosis compared to NHWs.
DISCUSSION: Sleep is an appealing area to target for improvement due to the multiple ways it can be treated. With increasing survival rates, there is an emphasis on improving quality of life in survivors. Our results span 20 years pre-diagnosis to 15 years post-diagnosis and are similar to shorter follow-up studies which found most women's sleep problems resolve within a few years of treatment completion. The lack of difference by race was an unexpected finding in another similar longitudinal study, which suggested most differences are seen in cross-sectional sleep studies. This study adds to the literature on longitudinal sleep data, especially to the little data on sleep trajectories in minority breast cancer survivors.
Citation Format: Beverly CM, Naughton M, Foraker R, Pennell M, Young G, Hale L, Crane T, Pan K, Danhauer S, Feliciano E, Paskett E. Racial/ethnic differences in sleep quality and duration among breast cancer survivors: Results from the women's health initiative (WHI) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-12-02.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- CM Beverly
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - M Naughton
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - R Foraker
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - M Pennell
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - G Young
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - L Hale
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - T Crane
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - K Pan
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - S Danhauer
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - E Feliciano
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - E Paskett
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
PHAMIS is an automated medical information system designed to provide long-term storage and retrieval of clinical information about Public Health Service patients. The patient database is composed of clinical events stored in compact format as multidimensional vectors in a write-once, read-only file to minimize file maintenance. Clinical observations are recorded as pointers to a large and expandable dictionary, rather than as text, to reduce storage requirements. The database design includes both within-patient-record and between-patient-recorcl indexes to speed data retrieval and facilitate report generation.
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang C, Young G. Clinical use of recombinant factor VIII Fc and recombinant factor IX Fc in patients with haemophilia A and B. Haemophilia 2018; 24:414-419. [PMID: 29405496 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although clinical trials have demonstrated extended half-life (EHL) VIII and IX fusion proteins to be safe and efficacious in patients with haemophilia A and B, studies on real-world clinical application have not been performed. AIM To retrospectively examine the real-world experience of rFVIII Fc and rFIX Fc in patients. METHODS A retrospective review of existing medical records of patients with haemophilia A or haemophilia B who had been prescribed rFVIII Fc or rFIX Fc was conducted from the Children's Hospital Los Angeles Haemostasis and Thrombosis Centre database. RESULTS A total of 36 male subjects enroled in the study (17 patients with haemophilia A and 19 patients with haemophilia B; 0-18 years of age, N = 27; >18 years of age, N = 9). Patients had a reduction of their ABR and AJBR following initiation of EHL factors. For patients with haemophilia A, the ABR and ABJR fell from 2.3 and 1.8 to 1.3 and 0.71, respectively. For patients with haemophilia B, the ABR and ABJR fell from 2.5 and 2.1 to 0.82 and 0.37, respectively. Five of 36 patients reverted from EHL back to standard half-life (SHL) factor treatment. Overall, treatment with EHL factors reduced factor consumption by nearly half compared to treatment with SHL factors in patients with haemophilia B. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the largely successful transition of 36 patients from SHL to EHL factor products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Wang
- Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G Young
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Eccleston D, Swale M, Phillips K, Tan I, Young G. Is there an Outcome Hazard for Elderly Australians After Device Implantation: Observations from the GenesisCare Cardiovascular Outcomes Registry (GCOR). Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
30
|
Pitman B, Schirripa V, Munawar D, Khokhar K, Emami M, Thiyagarajah A, Linz D, Kadhim K, Wong C, Mishima R, Wilson L, Young G, Roberts-Thomson K, Mahajan R, Sanders P, Lau D. Interrogation of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices in the Emergency Department Infrequently Yields Remarkable Issues: Implications for Service Planning and Care Delivery. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
31
|
Emami M, Thiyagarajah A, Mishima R, Linz D, Kadhim K, Mahajan R, Middeldorp M, Roberts-Thomson K, Lau D, Young G, Sanders P. Long-Term performance of the Medtronic Selectsecure Pacing Lead: Implications for His-Bundle Pacing. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
32
|
Gibney K, Wang J, Yu X, Young G, Jones T, Alexandrov A, Tsao J. Neither intensive lowering of mean arterial pressure nor lowering of pulse pressure increases stroke risk. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
33
|
Miller D, Ko S, Wert K, Waddle M, May B, Miller R, Peterson J, Menefee M, Young G, Casler J, Patel S, Zhai Q, Zhou L, Buskirk S, Foote R. High Risk Oral Cavity Carcinoma Patient Outcomes Following Minimally Invasive Surgery and Adjuvant Radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
34
|
Young G, Ezban M, Clausen WHO, Negrier C, Oldenburg J, Shima M. Chromogenic analysis of FIX activity in haemophilia B patients treated with nonacog beta pegol. Haemophilia 2017; 23:e528-e530. [PMID: 28922522 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Young
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Ezban
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | | | - C Negrier
- Hôpital Louis Pradel, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - J Oldenburg
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Shima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University Hospital, Nara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gurunathan S, Ahmed A, Karogiannis N, Ramzy I, Vamvakidou A, Young G, Zidros S, Akhtar M, Elghamaz A, Senior R. P6026Diagnostic concordance and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing fractional flow reserve and stress echocardiography for the assessment of coronary stenosis of intermediate severity. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p6026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
36
|
Karogiannis N, Pabla J, Gurunathan S, Vamvakidou A, Young G, Senior R. 1245Long term prognostic value of dipyridamole stress myocardial contrast echocardiography in comparison with single photon emission tomography in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
37
|
Gopalsamy G, Christophersen C, Bird A, Young G. Infants can ferment resistant starch shortly after weaning which changes faecal metabolite and microbial profiles. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2017.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
38
|
Sharma R, Dunn A, Aschman D, Cheng D, Wheeler A, Soni A, McGuinn C, Knoll C, Stein DT, Young G, French J, Sanders J, Davis JA, Tarantino M, Lim M, Gruppo R, Sidonio R, Ahuja S, Carpenter S, Pipe S, Shapiro A. Radionuclide synovectomy/synoviorthesis (RS) in persons with bleeding disorders: A review of impact of national guidance on frequency of RS using the ATHNdataset. Haemophilia 2017; 23:e385-e388. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Sharma
- BloodCenter of Wisconsin; Milwaukee WI USA
| | - A. Dunn
- Nationwide Children's Hospital; Columbus OH USA
| | - D. Aschman
- American Thrombosis and Hemostasis Network; Riverwoods IL USA
| | - D. Cheng
- American Thrombosis and Hemostasis Network; Riverwoods IL USA
| | - A. Wheeler
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville TN USA
| | - A. Soni
- Center for Comprehensive Care and Diagnosis of Inherited Blood Disorders; Orange CA USA
| | | | - C. Knoll
- Arizona Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center; University of Arizona Health Sciences Center; Tucson AZ USA
| | - D. T. Stein
- Northwest Ohio Hemophilia Treatment Center; Toledo OH USA
| | - G. Young
- Childrens Hospital Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - J. French
- Palmetto Health Richland; Columbia SC USA
| | - J. Sanders
- Cook Children's Hospital; Fort Worth Bleeding Disorders Program; Fort Worth TX USA
| | - J. A. Davis
- University of Miami Comprehensive Pediatric Hemophilia Treatment Center; Miami FL USA
| | - M. Tarantino
- Bleeding and Clotting Disorders Institute; University of Illinois College of Medicine-Peoria; Peoria IL USA
| | - M. Lim
- UNC Comprehensive Hemophilia Diagnostic and Treatment Center; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - R. Gruppo
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati OH USA
| | - R. Sidonio
- Emory/Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Comprehensive Hemophilia Program; Atlanta GA USA
| | - S. Ahuja
- Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital; University Hospitals Case Medical Center; Cleveland OH USA
| | | | - S. Pipe
- Department of Pediatrics and Pathology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - A. Shapiro
- Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center; Indianapolis IN USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Iorio A, Iserman E, Blanchette V, Dolan G, Escuriola Ettingshausen C, Hermans C, Negrier C, Oldenburg J, Reininger A, Rodriguez-Merchan C, Spannagl M, Valentino LA, Young G, Steinitz-Trost KN, Gringeri A. Target plasma factor levels for personalized treatment in haemophilia: a Delphi consensus statement. Haemophilia 2017; 23:e170-e179. [PMID: 28345268 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prophylactic replacement with factor concentrate is the optimal treatment for persons with severe haemophilia to avoid or minimize bleeding. This ultimately prevents or reduces joint disease and improves life expectancy and quality of life towards values matching those in the normal population. However, uncertainty still exists around the optimal regimens to be prescribed for prophylaxis. An increasing number of treating physicians and patients are showing interest in patient-tailored approaches to prophylaxis, which aim to harmonize the prophylaxis regimen with the patients' bleeding phenotype, levels of physical activity and a variety of other variables. METHODS A modified Delphi technique was adopted to generate consensus. The expert panel met in person to set the objectives, be trained on the Delphi technique and agree on the desired level of consensus. Three iterations were used to identify the targets, the scenarios and their combinations. RESULTS Twenty-eight scenarios and eight target levels were identified and used to issue recommendations. The panel reached the desired level of consensus on positive or negative recommendations. Areas where consensus was not reached were identified and proposed as areas for future research. Prospective assessment of the validity of most of the proposed targets is recommended. CONCLUSIONS We have generated, by expert consensus, target plasma levels of factor concentrate to be used to tailor treatment for persons with haemophilia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Iorio
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - E Iserman
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - V Blanchette
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - G Dolan
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - C Hermans
- Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit, Division of Haematology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Negrier
- Division of Haematology, Louis Pradel Cardiology hospital, University Claude Bernard Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | | | - A Reininger
- Global Medical Affairs Hematology, Baxalta Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Rodriguez-Merchan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Spannagl
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostasis, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - L A Valentino
- Rush University and Baxalta, US, Inc., Deerfield, IL, USA
| | - G Young
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K N Steinitz-Trost
- Global Medical Affairs Hematology, Baxalta Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Gringeri
- Global Medical Affairs Hematology, Baxalta Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tiede A, Abdul-Karim F, Carcao M, Persson P, Clausen WHO, Kearney S, Matsushita T, Negrier C, Oldenburg J, Santagostino E, Young G. Pharmacokinetics of a novel extended half-life glycoPEGylated factor IX, nonacog beta pegol (N9-GP) in previously treated patients with haemophilia B: results from two phase 3 clinical trials. Haemophilia 2017; 23:547-555. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Tiede
- Clinic for Haematology, Haemostaseology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - F. Abdul-Karim
- Hemophilia Clinic; National Blood Centre; Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - M. Carcao
- Division of Haematology/Oncology; Department of Paediatrics; Child Health Evaluative Sciences; Research Institute; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | | | | | - S. Kearney
- CHCMN Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center; Children's Hospital and Clinics of Minnesota; MN USA
| | - T. Matsushita
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; Nagoya University Hospital; Nagoya Japan
| | - C. Negrier
- Centre Regional de Traitement de l'Hemophilie; Hopital Louis Pradel; University Claude Bernard; Lyon France
| | - J. Oldenburg
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine; Bonn Germany
| | - E. Santagostino
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre; Maggiore Hospital; IRCCS Ca Granda Foundation; Milan Italy
| | - G. Young
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis Center; Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Young G, Mahlangu JN. Extended half-life clotting factor concentrates: results from published clinical trials. Haemophilia 2017; 22 Suppl 5:25-30. [PMID: 27405672 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Extended half-life clotting factor concentrates have been recently introduced into the armamentarium of treatments for patients with haemophilia A and B. In general, the data from published studies have demonstrated these products to be safe with no inhibitors reported in previously treated patients and efficacious with the advantage of a longer half-life allowing for less frequent intravenous infusions of factor. This enhanced convenience has led to some patients not previously on prophylaxis to begin prophylaxis while for others, especially children, has led to the ability to provide prophylaxis with reduced use of central venous catheters. The extended half-life factor IX products are now allowing patients to dose every 1-2 weeks while maintaining higher trough levels while the extended half-life factor VIII products have reduced the frequency of administration for patients on prophylaxis to as infrequent as once per week for some patients and to twice per week for all patients including younger children. It is important to note that data from previously untreated patients have not been published yet and the incidence for inhibitors in this patient population is as of yet unknown. The era of extended half-life clotting factor products has begun and the challenge for the haemophilia community will be how to best integrate these products into haemophilia clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Young
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J N Mahlangu
- Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand and National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Spoerke JM, Schleifman E, Clark TA, Young G, Nahas M, Kennedy M, Young L, Chmielecki J, Otto GA, Lipson D, Wilson TR, Gendreau S, Lackner MR. Abstract P6-07-08: The complete spectrum of ESR1 mutations from 7590 breast cancer tumor samples. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p6-07-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Approximately 70% of newly diagnosed breast cancers express estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and are treated with agents that block ER signaling. Acquired mutations in ESR1, the gene that encodes ERα, have been associated with resistance to aromatase inhibitor therapy in patients with ER positive metastatic breast cancer (ER+ mBC). The most frequently occurring ESR1 mutations are clustered between amino acids 536 to 538 within the ligand binding domain (LBD), although limited data exists characterizing the full mutation profile in a large number of breast cancer samples.
Methods: We surveyed the Foundation Medicine dataset of 7590 primary and metastatic breast cancer tumor samples for ESR1 short variants and copy number alterations. Hormone receptor status was unavailable, therefore two assumptions were made to provide an estimate of prevalence in the ER+ HER2- population: 70% of the tumor samples are from ER+ HER2- patients, and all ESR1 mutations from non-HER2 amplified metastatic sites are from ER+ HER2- patients. In a separate cohort of 48 ER+ mBC patients, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was analyzed for ESR1 mutations using the BEAMing method by Sysmex and with Foundation Medicine's sequencing assay, FoundationACT (Assay for Circulating Tumor DNA).
Results: The prevalence of mutations in ER+ HER2- breast cancer was estimated to be 22% in samples from metastatic sites but less than 3% in samples from primary sites. ESR1 amplification was rare in samples from both primary and metastatic disease sites at 1.3% and 2.0% respectively. A total of 153 unique short variants of known and unknown status were identified. In addition to hotspot mutations at 537 and 538, previously undescribed rare mutations were identified throughout the entire length of the LBD, although 10 alterations at amino acids 380, 463, 536, 537, and 538 account for 86% of all ESR1 mutations in the ER+ HER2- metastatic sites. We also characterized the overlap of ESR1 alterations with commonly altered and clinically relevant genes in breast cancer, including PIK3CA mutations and HER2 amplification, and we report here a landscape of co-occurring alterations. In the cohort of patient samples where ctDNA was analyzed, BEAMing and FoundationAct assays both detected ESR1 mutations in 19 out of 48 samples, and overall concordance of mutation status (wild-type vs mutant) was 100%. A total of 51 individual mutations were detected with the BEAMing assay, 42 of which were detected with the FoundationACT assay. Seven mutations that were undetected by FoundationACT had mutant allele frequencies less than 0.1%. Ten ESR1 mutations were detected only by FoundationACT, 9 of which are not covered with the BEAMing assay. Alterations in PIK3CA, CDH1, TP53, ERBB2, and other breast cancer relevant genes were also detected with FoundationACT.
Conclusions: Understanding the mutational landscape of ESR1 and co-occurring alterations is important for diagnostic development in conjunction with the clinical development of novel anti-endocrine therapies. Our data demonstrate a large spectrum of mutations in the LBD in addition to known hotspot mutations. In addition, the FoundationACT assay offers a robust NGS-based method to screen for mutations in ctDNA that is highly concordant with digital PCR methods.
Citation Format: Spoerke JM, Schleifman E, Clark TA, Young G, Nahas M, Kennedy M, Young L, Chmielecki J, Otto GA, Lipson D, Wilson TR, Gendreau S, Lackner MR. The complete spectrum of ESR1 mutations from 7590 breast cancer tumor samples [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-07-08.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JM Spoerke
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - E Schleifman
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - TA Clark
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - G Young
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - M Nahas
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - M Kennedy
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - L Young
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - J Chmielecki
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - GA Otto
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - D Lipson
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - TR Wilson
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - S Gendreau
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | - MR Lackner
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA; Foundation Medicine, Inc, Cambridge, MA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Qian P, Nayyar D, Chik W, Zaman S, Stafford W, Hayes J, Denman R, Young G, Sanders P, Kovoor P, Sivagangabalan G. The Prognostic Impact of Implanted Cardiac Defibrillator Activation and Mode of Anti-Tachycardia Therapy on Mortality. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
44
|
White PM, Bhalla A, Dinsmore J, James M, McConachie N, Roffe C, Young G. Standards for providing safe acute ischaemic stroke thrombectomy services (September 2015). Clin Radiol 2016; 72:175.e1-175.e9. [PMID: 27974152 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
45
|
Meyer T, Qian W, Valle J, Talbot D, Cunningham D, Reed N, Wall L, Waters J, Ross P, Anthoney A, Sumpter K, Sarwar N, Crosby T, Begum N, Young G, Hardy R, Corrie P. Capecitabine and streptozocin ± cisplatin for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: predictors of long-term survival in the NET01 trial. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw369.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
46
|
Stephens P, Clark T, Kennedy M, He J, Young G, Zhao M, Coyne M, Breese V, Young L, Zhong S, Bailey M, Fendler B, Miller V, Schleifman E, Peters E, Otto G, Lipson D, Ross J. Analytic validation of a clinical circulating tumor DNA assay for patients with solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw380.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
47
|
Rajwani A, Nelson A, Shirazi M, Wong D, Delacroix S, Chokka R, Disney P, Teo K, Young G, Worthley S. Left Atrial Appendage Closure: CT Sizing is Associated with Highly Favourable Procedural Outcomes. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
48
|
Nayyar D, Chik W, Zaman S, Stafford W, Hayes J, Denman R, Young G, Sanders P, Kovoor P, Sivagangabalan G. Impact of Appropriate and Inappropriate Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Activations on Mortality. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
49
|
Wong G, Stolcman S, Cursaro M, Roberts-Thomson R, Nelson A, Roberts-Thomson K, Young G. Inappropriate ICD Shock Due to Twiddlers Syndrome and Atrial Flutter. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
50
|
Nawfel RD, Young G. TH-AB-207A-03: Skin Dose to Patients Receiving Multiple CTA and CT Exams of the Head. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4958079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|