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Ortega-Sánchez C, Pérez-Díaz M, Melgarejo-Ramírez Y, Chopin-Doroteo M, Silva-Bermudez P, Martínez-López V, Zacaula-Juárez N, Zamudio-Cuevas Y, Hernández-Valencia C, López-Jácome LE, Carlos-Martínez A, Reyes-Medina N, Tamez-Pedroza L, Martínez-Pardo ME, Reyes-Frías MDL, Lecona H, Baeza I, Martinez-Gutierrez F, Márquez-Gutiérrez E, Martínez-Castañon G, Sánchez-Sánchez R. Radiosterilized Pig Skin, Silver Nanoparticles and Skin Cells as an Integral Dressing Treatment for Burns: Development, Pre-Clinical and Clinical Pilot Study. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2105. [PMID: 37631319 PMCID: PMC10458621 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiosterilized pig skin (RPS) has been used as a dressing for burns since the 1980s. Its similarity to human skin in terms of the extracellular matrix (ECM) allows the attachment of mesenchymal stem cells, making it ideal as a scaffold to create cellularized constructs. The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been proven to be an appropriate alternative to the use of antibiotics and a potential solution against multidrug-resistant bacteria. RPS can be impregnated with AgNPs to develop nanomaterials capable of preventing wound infections. The main goal of this study was to assess the use of RPS as a scaffold for autologous fibroblasts (Fb), keratinocytes (Kc), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the treatment of second-degree burns (SDB). Additionally, independent RPS samples were impregnated with AgNPs to enhance their properties and further develop an antibacterial dressing that was initially tested using a burn mouse model. This protocol was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of the INRLGII (INR 20/19 AC). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis of the synthesized AgNPs showed an average size of 10 nm and rounded morphology. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and Kirby-Bauer assays indicated that AgNPs (in solution at a concentration of 125 ppm) exhibit antimicrobial activity against the planktonic form of S. aureus isolated from burned patients; moreover, a log reduction of 1.74 ± 0.24 was achieved against biofilm formation. The nanomaterial developed with RPS impregnated with AgNPs solution at 125 ppm (RPS-AgNPs125) facilitated wound healing in a burn mouse model and enhanced extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, as analyzed by Masson's staining in histological samples. No silver was detected by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) in the skin, and neither by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) in different organs of the mouse burn model. Calcein/ethidium homodimer (EthD-1), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis demonstrated that Fb, Kc, and MSC could attach to RPS with over 95% cell viability. Kc were capable of releasing FGF at 0.5 pg above control levels, as analyzed by ELISA assays. An autologous RPS-Fb-Kc construct was implanted in a patient with SDB and compared to an autologous skin graft. The patient recovery was assessed seven days post-implantation, and the patient was followed up at one, two, and three months after the implantation, exhibiting favorable recovery compared to the gold standard, as measured by the cutometer. In conclusion, RPS effectively can be used as a scaffold for the culture of Fb, Kc, and MSC, facilitating the development of a cellularized construct that enhances wound healing in burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmina Ortega-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (C.O.-S.); (M.P.-D.); (Y.M.-R.); (N.Z.-J.)
| | - Mario Pérez-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (C.O.-S.); (M.P.-D.); (Y.M.-R.); (N.Z.-J.)
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico;
| | - Yaaziel Melgarejo-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (C.O.-S.); (M.P.-D.); (Y.M.-R.); (N.Z.-J.)
| | - Mario Chopin-Doroteo
- Laboratorio de Tejido Conjuntivo, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | - Phaedra Silva-Bermudez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (P.S.-B.); (V.M.-L.)
| | - Valentín Martínez-López
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (P.S.-B.); (V.M.-L.)
| | - Noé Zacaula-Juárez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (C.O.-S.); (M.P.-D.); (Y.M.-R.); (N.Z.-J.)
| | - Yessica Zamudio-Cuevas
- Laboratorio de Líquido Sinovial, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | - Carmen Hernández-Valencia
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Luis Esaú López-Jácome
- Laboratorio de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | - Alberto Carlos-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (N.R.-M.)
| | - Naxieli Reyes-Medina
- Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (N.R.-M.)
| | - Luis Tamez-Pedroza
- Cirugía Plástica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | - María Esther Martínez-Pardo
- Banco de Tejidos Radioesterilizados, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac 52045, Mexico; (M.E.M.-P.); (M.d.L.R.-F.)
| | - María de Lourdes Reyes-Frías
- Banco de Tejidos Radioesterilizados, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac 52045, Mexico; (M.E.M.-P.); (M.d.L.R.-F.)
| | - Hugo Lecona
- Bioterio, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | - Isabel Baeza
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico;
| | - Fidel Martinez-Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico;
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico
| | - Erik Márquez-Gutiérrez
- Cirugía Plástica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | | | - Roberto Sánchez-Sánchez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (P.S.-B.); (V.M.-L.)
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City 64849, Mexico
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Alvarado-Gomez E, Martínez-Castañon G, Sanchez-Sanchez R, Ganem-Rondero A, Yacaman MJ, Martinez-Gutierrez F. Evaluation of anti-biofilm and cytotoxic effect of a gel formulation with Pluronic F-127 and silver nanoparticles as a potential treatment for skin wounds. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2018; 92:621-630. [PMID: 30184789 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The skin wounds cause serious burden to healthcare systems. The lack of sterility of the innate barrier function of the skin facilitates the development of microbial communities within the wound environment especially in biofilm form. Since biofilm is difficult to eradicate, new treatments have been established, such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties have been studied, nevertheless, their toxic effects are known too. Different concentrations of AgNPs stabilized with a biocompatible and thermo-reversible vehicle as hydrogel Pluronic F-127 were synthesized, those formulations presented interesting thermo-reversibility which could be used to apply on wounds. The formulations (Gel 62.5, 125, and 250 ppm of AgNPs) proposed in this study showed in vitro a total inhibition of clinical strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in planktonic form, as well as, anti-biofilm activity was archived with the formulation of Gel 250 ppm, a total inhibition of biofilm formation with mixed culture was registered in the first 30 min of biofilm growth; even more, the viability of human fibroblasts with all gels formulations was >95%, in contrast to silver sulfadiazine cream 1% which showed the highest cytotoxic effect. PF-127 gel with AgNPs could be a prophylactic treatment for skin wounds, because its activity in critical steps on biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Alvarado-Gomez
- Microbiology Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, CP 78210 San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - Gabriel Martínez-Castañon
- Facultad de Estomatologia, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, CP 78210 San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - Roberto Sanchez-Sanchez
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco 289, Arenal Tepepan, CP 14389 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Adriana Ganem-Rondero
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlan, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Carretera Cuautitlan Teoloyucan Km 2.5, San Sebastian Xhala, CP 54714 Cuautitlan Izcalli, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miguel Jose Yacaman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, UTSA Circle, CP 78249 San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Fidel Martinez-Gutierrez
- Microbiology Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, CP 78210 San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico.
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Pérez-Díaz MA, Silva-Bermudez P, Jiménez-López B, Martínez-López V, Melgarejo-Ramírez Y, Brena-Molina A, Ibarra C, Baeza I, Martínez-Pardo ME, Reyes-Frías ML, Márquez-Gutiérrez E, Velasquillo C, Martínez-Castañon G, Martinez-Gutierrez F, Sánchez-Sánchez R. Silver-pig skin nanocomposites and mesenchymal stem cells: suitable antibiofilm cellular dressings for wound healing. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:2. [PMID: 29321021 PMCID: PMC5761131 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of severe or chronic skin wounds is an important challenge facing medicine and a significant health care burden. Proper wound healing is often affected by bacterial infection; where biofilm formation is one of the main risks and particularly problematic because it confers protection to microorganisms against antibiotics. One avenue to prevent bacterial colonization of wounds is the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs); which have proved to be effective against non-multidrug-resistant and multidrug-resistant bacteria. In addition, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is an excellent option to improve wound healing due to their capability for differentiation and release of relevant growth factors. Finally, radiosterilized pig skin (RPS) is a biomatrix successfully used as wound dressing to avoid massive water loss, which represents an excellent carrier to deliver MSC into wound beds. Together, AgNPs, RPS and MSC represent a potential dressing to control massive water loss, prevent bacterial infection and enhance skin regeneration; three essential processes for appropriate wound healing with minimum scaring. Results We synthesized stable 10 nm-diameter spherical AgNPs that showed 21- and 16-fold increase in bacteria growth inhibition (in comparison to antibiotics) against clinical strains Staphylococcus aureus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, respectively. RPS samples were impregnated with different AgNPs suspensions to develop RPS-AgNPs nanocomposites with different AgNPs concentrations. Nanocomposites showed inhibition zones, in Kirby–Bauer assay, against both clinical bacteria tested. Nanocomposites also displayed antibiofilm properties against S. aureus and S. maltophilia from RPS samples impregnated with 250 and 1000 ppm AgNPs suspensions, respectively. MSC were isolated from adipose tissue and seeded on nanocomposites; cells survived on nanocomposites impregnated with up to 250 ppm AgNPs suspensions, showing 35% reduction in cell viability, in comparison to cells on RPS. Cells on nanocomposites proliferated with culture days, although the number of MSC on nanocomposites at 24 h of culture was lower than that on RPS. Conclusions AgNPs with better bactericide activity than antibiotics were synthesized. RPS-AgNPs nanocomposites impregnated with 125 and 250 ppm AgNPs suspensions decreased bacterial growth, decreased biofilm formation and were permissive for survival and proliferation of MSC; constituting promising multi-functional dressings for successful treatment of skin wounds. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12951-017-0331-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Pérez-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Phaedra Silva-Bermudez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Binisa Jiménez-López
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Valentín Martínez-López
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yaaziel Melgarejo-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Brena-Molina
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Clemente Ibarra
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isabel Baeza
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M Esther Martínez-Pardo
- Banco de Tejidos Radioesterilizados, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N La Marquesa, 52750, Ocoyoacac, Mexico
| | - M Lourdes Reyes-Frías
- Banco de Tejidos Radioesterilizados, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N La Marquesa, 52750, Ocoyoacac, Mexico
| | - Erik Márquez-Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristina Velasquillo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Martínez-Castañon
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 2, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Fidel Martinez-Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
| | - Roberto Sánchez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Calz. México Xochimilco No 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P.14389, Mexico City, Mexico.
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