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Sharma AK, Gupta K, Mishra A, Lofland G, Marsh I, Kumar D, Ghiaur G, Imus P, Rowe SP, Hobbs RF, Gocke CB, Nimmagadda S. CD38-Specific Gallium-68 Labeled Peptide Radiotracer Enables Pharmacodynamic Monitoring in Multiple Myeloma with PET. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2308617. [PMID: 38421139 PMCID: PMC11040352 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The limited availability of molecularly targeted low-molecular-weight imaging agents for monitoring multiple myeloma (MM)-targeted therapies has been a significant challenge in the field. In response, a first-in-class peptide-based radiotracer, [68Ga]Ga-AJ206, is developed that can be seamlessly integrated into the standard clinical workflow and is specifically designed to noninvasively quantify CD38 levels and pharmacodynamics by positron emission tomography (PET). A bicyclic peptide, AJ206, is synthesized and exhibits high affinity to CD38 (KD: 19.1 ± 0.99 × 10-9 m) by surface plasmon resonance. Further, [68Ga]Ga-AJ206-PET shows high contrast within 60 min and suitable absorbed dose estimates for clinical use. Additionally, [68Ga]Ga-AJ206 detects CD38 expression in cell line-derived xenografts, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), and disseminated disease models in a manner consistent with flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry findings. Moreover, [68Ga]Ga-AJ206-PET successfully quantifies CD38 pharmacodynamics in PDXs, revealing increased CD38 expression in the tumor following all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy. In conclusion, [68Ga]Ga-AJ206 exhibits the salient features required for clinical translation, providing CD38-specific high-contrast images in multiple models of MM. [68Ga]Ga-AJ206-PET could be useful for quantifying total CD38 levels and pharmacodynamics during therapy to evaluate approved and new therapies in MM and other diseases with CD38 involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Sharma
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Akhilesh Mishra
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
- Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringWhiting School of EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21218USA
| | - Gabriela Lofland
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Ian Marsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Gabriel Ghiaur
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg‐Kimmel Institute for Cancer ImmunotherapyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Philip Imus
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg‐Kimmel Institute for Cancer ImmunotherapyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Steven P. Rowe
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Robert F. Hobbs
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Christian B. Gocke
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg‐Kimmel Institute for Cancer ImmunotherapyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg‐Kimmel Institute for Cancer ImmunotherapyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
- Division of Clinical PharmacologyDepartment of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21287USA
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Sharma AK, Gupta K, Mishra A, Lofland G, Marsh I, Kumar D, Ghiaur G, Imus P, Hobbs RF, Gocke CB, Nimmagadda S. A Gallium-68-Labeled Peptide Radiotracer For CD38-Targeted Imaging In Multiple Myeloma With PET. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.09.540036. [PMID: 37214794 PMCID: PMC10197667 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.09.540036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The limited availability of molecularly targeted low-molecular-weight imaging agents for monitoring multiple myeloma (MM)-targeted therapies has been a significant challenge in the field. In response, we developed [68Ga]Ga-AJ206, a peptide-based radiotracer that can be seamlessly integrated into the standard clinical workflow and is specifically designed to non-invasively quantify CD38 levels and pharmacodynamics by positron emission tomography (PET). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We synthesized a high-affinity binder for quantification of CD38 levels. Affinity was tested using surface plasmon resonance, and In vitro specificity was evaluated using a gallium-68-labeled analog. Distribution, pharmacokinetics, and CD38 specificity of the radiotracer were assessed in MM cell lines and in primary patient-derived myeloma cells and xenografts (PDX) with cross-validation by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we investigated the radiotracer's potential to quantify CD38 pharmacodynamics induced by all-trans retinoic acid therapy (ATRA). RESULTS [68Ga]Ga-AJ206 exhibited high CD38 binding specificity (KD: 19.1±0.99 nM) and CD38-dependent In vitro binding. [68Ga]Ga-AJ206-PET showed high contrast within 60 minutes and suitable absorbed dose estimates for clinical use. Additionally, [68Ga]Ga-AJ206 detected CD38 expression in xenografts, PDXs and disseminated disease models in a manner consistent with flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry findings. Moreover, [68Ga]Ga-AJ206-PET successfully quantified CD38 pharmacodynamics in PDXs, revealing increased CD38 expression in the tumor following ATRA therapy. CONCLUSIONS [68Ga]Ga-AJ206 exhibited the salient features required for clinical translation, providing CD38-specific high contrast images in multiple models of MM. [68Ga]Ga-AJ206-PET could be useful for quantifying total CD38 levels and pharmacodynamics during therapy to evaluate approved and new therapies in MM and other diseases with CD38 involvement.
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Mishra A, Gupta K, Kumar D, Lofland G, Sharma AK, Solnes LB, Rowe SP, Forde PM, Pomper MG, Gabrielson EW, Nimmagadda S. Non-invasive PD-L1 quantification using [ 18F]DK222-PET imaging in cancer immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007535. [PMID: 37793856 PMCID: PMC10551964 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination therapies that aim to improve the clinical efficacy to immune checkpoint inhibitors have led to the need for non-invasive and early pharmacodynamic biomarkers. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a promising non-invasive approach to monitoring target dynamics, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a central component in cancer immunotherapy strategies. [18F]DK222, a peptide-based PD-L1 imaging agent, was investigated in this study using humanized mouse models to explore the relationship between PD-L1 expression and therapy-induced changes in cancer. METHODS Cell lines and xenografts derived from three non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and three urothelial carcinomas (UCs) were used to validate the specificity of [18F]DK222 for PD-L1. PET was used to quantify anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) therapy-induced changes in PD-L1 expression in tumors with and without microsatellite instability (MSI) in humanized mice. Furthermore, [18F]DK222-PET was used to validate PD-L1 pharmacodynamics in the context of monotherapy and combination immunotherapy in humanized mice bearing A375 melanoma xenografts. PET measures of PD-L1 expression were used to establish a relationship between pathological and immunological changes. Lastly, spatial distribution analysis of [18F]DK222-PET was developed to assess the effects of different immunotherapy regimens on tumor heterogeneity. RESULTS [18F]DK222-PET and biodistribution studies in mice with NSCLC and UC xenografts revealed high but variable tumor uptake at 60 min that correlated with PD-L1 expression. In MSI tumors treated with anti-PD-1, [18F]DK222 uptake was higher than in control tumors. Moreover, [18F]DK222 uptake was higher in A375 tumors treated with combination therapy compared with monotherapy, and negatively correlated with final tumor volumes. In addition, a higher number of PD-L1+ cells and higher CD8+-to-CD4+ cell ratio was observed with combination therapy compared with monotherapy, and positively correlated with PET. Furthermore, spatial distribution analysis showed higher [18F]DK222 uptake towards the core of the tumors in combination therapy, indicating a more robust and distinct pattern of immune cell infiltration. CONCLUSION [18F]DK222-PET has potential as a non-invasive tool for monitoring the effects of immunotherapy on tumors. It was able to detect variable PD-L1 expression in tumors of different cancer types and quantify therapy-induced changes in tumors. Moreover, [18F]DK222-PET was able to differentiate the impact of different therapies on tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Mishra
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gabriela Lofland
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ajay Kumar Sharma
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lilja B Solnes
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven P Rowe
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrick M Forde
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Edward W Gabrielson
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine (Clinical Pharmacology), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Boinapally S, Alati S, Jiang Z, Yan Y, Lisok A, Singh R, Lofland G, Minn I, Hobbs RF, Pomper MG, Banerjee SR. Preclinical Evaluation of a New Series of Albumin-Binding 177Lu-Labeled PSMA-Based Low-Molecular-Weight Radiotherapeutics. Molecules 2023; 28:6158. [PMID: 37630410 PMCID: PMC10459686 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based low-molecular-weight agents using beta(β)-particle-emitting radiopharmaceuticals is a new treatment paradigm for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Although results have been encouraging, there is a need to improve the tumor residence time of current PSMA-based radiotherapeutics. Albumin-binding moieties have been used strategically to enhance the tumor uptake and retention of existing PSMA-based investigational agents. Previously, we developed a series of PSMA-based, β-particle-emitting, low-molecular-weight compounds. From this series, 177Lu-L1 was selected as the lead agent because of its reduced off-target radiotoxicity in preclinical studies. The ligand L1 contains a PSMA-targeting Lys-Glu urea moiety with an N-bromobenzyl substituent in the ε-amino group of Lys. Here, we structurally modified 177Lu-L1 to improve tumor targeting using two known albumin-binding moieties, 4-(p-iodophenyl) butyric acid moiety (IPBA) and ibuprofen (IBU), and evaluated the effects of linker length and composition. Six structurally related PSMA-targeting ligands (Alb-L1-Alb-L6) were synthesized based on the structure of 177Lu-L1. The ligands were assessed for in vitro binding affinity and were radiolabeled with 177Lu following standard protocols. All 177Lu-labeled analogs were studied in cell uptake and selected cell efficacy studies. In vivo pharmacokinetics were investigated by conducting tissue biodistribution studies for 177Lu-Alb-L2-177Lu-Alb-L6 (2 h, 24 h, 72 h, and 192 h) in male NSG mice bearing human PSMA+ PC3 PIP and PSMA- PC3 flu xenografts. Preliminary therapeutic ratios of the agents were estimated from the area under the curve (AUC0-192h) of the tumors, blood, and kidney uptake values. Compounds were obtained in >98% radiochemical yields and >99% purity. PSMA inhibition constants (Kis) of the ligands were in the ≤10 nM range. The long-linker-based agents, 177Lu-Alb-L4 and 177Lu-Alb-L5, displayed significantly higher tumor uptake and retention (p < 0.001) than the short-linker-bearing 177Lu-Alb-L2 and 177Lu-Alb-L3 and a long polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker-bearing agent, 177Lu-Alb-L6. The area under the curve (AUC0-192h) of the PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumor uptake of 177Lu-Alb-L4 and 177Lu-Alb-L5 were >4-fold higher than 177Lu-Alb-L2, 177Lu-Alb-L3, and 177Lu-Alb-L6, respectively. Also, the PSMA+ PIP tumor uptake (AUC0-192h) of 177Lu-Alb-L2 and 177Lu-Alb-L3 was ~1.5-fold higher than 177Lu-Alb-L6. However, the lowest blood AUC0-192h and kidney AUC0-192h were associated with 177Lu-Alb-L6 from the series. Consequently, 177Lu-Alb-L6 displayed the highest ratios of AUC(tumor)-to-AUC(blood) and AUC(tumor)-to-AUC(kidney) values from the series. Among the other agents, 177Lu-Alb-L4 demonstrated a nearly similar ratio of AUC(tumor)-to-AUC(blood) as 177Lu-Alb-L6. The tumor-to-blood ratio was the dose-limiting therapeutic ratio for all of the compounds. Conclusions: 177Lu-Alb-L4 and 177Lu-Alb-L6 showed high tumor uptake in PSMA+ tumors and tumor-to-blood ratios. The data suggest that linker length and composition can be modulated to generate an optimized therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Suresh Alati
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Zirui Jiang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Yu Yan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Alla Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Rajan Singh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Gabriela Lofland
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Robert F. Hobbs
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 1550 Orleans Street, Cancer Research Building 2, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (S.B.); (S.A.); (Z.J.); (I.M.); (R.F.H.); (M.G.P.)
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Sharma AK, Gupta K, Mishra A, Chen S, Lofland G, Armstrong T, Gabrielson E, Zheng L, Jaffee EM, Nimmagadda S. Abstract 2768: Non-invasive detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma using Ga-68 labelled epha2 targeting peptide. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-2768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly disease and early diagnosis is paramount for effective treatment. Molecular imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) could provide an early diagnosis of PDAC to potentially improve survival. EphA2, a member of Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptors, is a desirable target for PDAC detection as it is pro-oncogenic and expressed in > 90% of PDACs. Here, we report the development of a peptide-based PET imaging agent, [68Ga]AJ201, evaluation of its pharmacokinetics, and its potential to non-invasively detect variable EphA2 expression in moue models of PDAC.
Methods: A bicyclic peptide, AJ201, was synthesized and its binding affinity for EphA2 was determined by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). AJ201 was labelled with Gallium-68 in high radiochemical yields and purity. In vitro uptake of the resulting [68Ga]AJ201 was carried out in different PDAC cell lines with variable EphA2 expression (Panc1, CFPAC1, Hs766T, and SU8686) and Jurkat cell line as a negative control. In vivo pharmacokinetic properties of [68Ga]AJ201 were evaluated by PET-MR imaging and ex vivo biodistribution studies in different subcutaneous PDAC xenografts and in Panc1 orthotopic model (n=4-5/tumor). [68Ga]AJ201 in vivo specificity for EphA2 was confirmed by cross-correlative immunohistochemistry of xenografts and by co-injection of a blocking dose of non-radioactive AJ201 (1 mg/kg).
Results: AJ201 binds human EphA2 with high affinity (KD ~ 0.2 nM). Flow cytometry analysis confirmed variable EphA2 expression in all the PDAC cell lines tested with Panc1 and CFPAC cell lines exhibiting highest and lowest expression, respectively. In vitro binding assays showed variable [68Ga]AJ201 uptake in all the PDAC cells and almost no uptake in the presence of 1 µM non-radioactive AJ201 and in negative control Jurkat cells. In vivo dynamic PET-MR imaging revealed high and specific uptake of [68Ga]AJ201 in Panc1 tumor xenografts within 5 min and retained for at least 90 min. In contrast, [68Ga]AJ201 exhibited fast clearance from normal tissues resulting in high contrast images at 60 minutes and a high tumor-to-muscle ratio of 25.8 ± 6.7. [68Ga]AJ201 uptake in tumors was reduced by > 80 % in mice receiving blocking dose, confirming the specificity of the radiotracer. Also, [68Ga]AJ201 PET provided high contrast images of orthotopic Panc1 tumors. Furthermore, [68Ga]AJ201 PET showed variable and expression dependent uptake in all the PDAC xenografts tested that was corroborated by EphA2 expression detected by IHC.
Conclusion: [68Ga]AJ201 is an EphA2 specific high affinity peptide-based PET imaging agent that detects orthotopic PDAC in mouse models at 60 minutes and demonstrates potential to non-invasively detect PDAC in patients.
Citation Format: Ajay Kumar Sharma, Kuldeep Gupta, Akhilesh Mishra, Sophia Chen, Gabriela Lofland, Todd Armstrong, Edward Gabrielson, Lei Zheng, Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Sridhar Nimmagadda. Non-invasive detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma using Ga-68 labelled epha2 targeting peptide [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2768.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sophia Chen
- 1Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | | | - Lei Zheng
- 1Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Mishra A, Kumar D, Gupta K, Lofland G, Sharma AK, Banka DS, Hobbs RF, Dannals RF, Rowe SP, Gabrielson E, Nimmagadda S. Gallium-68-labeled Peptide PET Quantifies Tumor Exposure of PD-L1 Therapeutics. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:581-591. [PMID: 36449662 PMCID: PMC9890130 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) is currently ineffective in a majority of patients. Tumor drug exposure measurements can provide vital insights into mechanisms involved in the resistance of solid tumors to those therapeutics; however, tools to quantify in situ drug exposure are few. We have investigated the potential of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pharmacodynamics, quantified using PET, to inform on the tumor exposure of anti-PD-L1 (aPD-L1) therapeutics. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To noninvasively quantify PD-L1 levels, we first developed a novel peptide-based gallium-68-labeled binder, [68Ga]Ga-DK223, and evaluated its in vivo distribution, pharmacokinetics, and PD-L1 specificity in preclinical models of triple-negative breast cancer and urothelial carcinoma with variable PD-L1 expression. We then quantified baseline and accessible PD-L1 levels in tumors as a noninvasive pharmacodynamic measure to assess tumor exposure to two aPD-L1 antibodies (avelumab and durvalumab). RESULTS DK223 exhibited a KD of 1.01±0.83 nmol/L for PD-L1 and inhibited the PD-1:PD-L1 interaction in a dose-dependent manner. [68Ga]Ga-DK223 provides high-contrast PET images within 60 minutes of administration and detects PD-L1 in an expression-dependent manner in xenograft models. PD-L1 pharmacodynamics measured using [68Ga]Ga-DK223-PET revealed that avelumab and durvalumab had similar exposure early during therapy, but only durvalumab exhibited sustained exposure at the tumor. CONCLUSIONS [68Ga]Ga-DK223 detected variable PD-L1 levels and exhibited salient features required for clinical translation. [68Ga]Ga-DK223-PET could be useful for quantifying total PD-L1 levels at baseline and accessible PD-L1 levels during therapy to understand drug exposure at the tumor, thus supporting its use for guiding and optimizing ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Mishra
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gabriela Lofland
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ajay Kumar Sharma
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dhanush S. Banka
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert F. Hobbs
- Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert F. Dannals
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven P. Rowe
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Edward Gabrielson
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg–Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Bloomberg–Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Corresponding Author: Sridhar Nimmagadda, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB II, #492, Baltimore, MD 21287. Phone: 410-502-6244, Fax: 410-614-3147, E-mail:
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Boinapally S, Lisok A, Lofland G, Minn I, Yan Y, Jiang Z, Shin MJ, Merino VF, Zheng L, Brayton C, Pomper MG, Banerjee SR. Correction to: Hetero-bivalent agents targeting FAP and PSMA. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:4755. [PMID: 36044067 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alla Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gabriela Lofland
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yu Yan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zirui Jiang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Min Jay Shin
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vanessa F Merino
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cory Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Boinapally S, Lisok A, Lofland G, Minn I, Yan Y, Jiang Z, Shin MJ, Merino VF, Zheng L, Brayton C, Pomper MG, Banerjee SR. Hetero-bivalent agents targeting FAP and PSMA. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:4369-4381. [PMID: 35965291 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We developed a theranostic radiopharmaceutical that engages two key cell surface proteases, fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), each frequently overexpressed within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The latter is also expressed in most prostate tumor epithelium. To engage a broader spectrum of cancers for imaging and therapy, we conjugated small-molecule FAP and PSMA-targeting moieties using an optimized linker to provide 64Cu-labeled compounds. METHODS We synthesized FP-L1 and FP-L2 using two linker constructs attaching the FAP and PSMA-binding pharmacophores. We determined in vitro inhibition constants (Ki) for FAP and PSMA. Cell uptake assays and flow cytometry were conducted in human glioma (U87), melanoma (SK-MEL-24), prostate cancer (PSMA + PC3 PIP and PSMA - PC3 flu), and clear cell renal cell carcinoma lines (PSMA + /PSMA - 786-O). Quantitative positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and tissue biodistribution studies were performed using U87, SK-MEL-24, PSMA + PC3 PIP, and PSMA + 786-O experimental xenograft models and the KPC genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer. RESULTS 64Cu-FP-L1 and 64Cu-FP-L2 were produced in high radiochemical yields (> 98%) and molar activities (> 19 MBq/nmol). Ki values were in the nanomolar range for both FAP and PSMA. PET imaging and biodistribution studies revealed high and specific targeting of 64Cu-FP-L1 and 64Cu-FP-L2 for FAP and PSMA. 64Cu-FP-L1 displayed more favorable pharmacokinetics than 64Cu-FP-L2. In the U87 tumor model at 2 h post-injection, tumor uptake of 64Cu-FP-L1 (10.83 ± 1.02%ID/g) was comparable to 64Cu-FAPI-04 (9.53 ± 2.55%ID/g). 64Cu-FP-L1 demonstrated high retention 5.34 ± 0.29%ID/g at 48 h in U87 tumor. Additionally, 64Cu-FP-L1 showed high retention in PSMA + PC3 PIP tumor (12.06 ± 0.78%ID/g at 2 h and 10.51 ± 1.82%ID/g at 24 h). CONCLUSIONS 64Cu-FP-L1 demonstrated high and specific tumor targeting of FAP and PSMA. This compound should enable imaging of lesions expressing FAP, PSMA, or both on the tumor cell surface or within the TME. FP-L1 can readily be converted into a theranostic for the management of heterogeneous tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alla Lisok
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gabriela Lofland
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yu Yan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zirui Jiang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Min Jay Shin
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vanessa F Merino
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cory Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Porter T, Lenhart M, Arrowood J, Moskowitz W, Paulsen W, Lofland G, Nixon JV. Dissecting aortic aneurysm eight years after aortic commissurotomy for congenital aortic stenosis: detailed identification by transesophageal echocardiography. Am Heart J 1990; 120:716-8. [PMID: 2389715 DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(90)90041-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Porter
- Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298
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