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Skinner G, Chen T, Jentis G, Liu Y, McCulloh C, Harzman A, Huang E, Kalady M, Kim P. Real-time near infrared artificial intelligence using scalable non-expert crowdsourcing in colorectal surgery. NPJ Digit Med 2024; 7:99. [PMID: 38649447 PMCID: PMC11035672 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-024-01095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve patient safety and clinical outcomes. To date, training such AI models to identify tissue anatomy requires annotations by expensive and rate-limiting surgical domain experts. Herein, we demonstrate and validate a methodology to obtain high quality surgical tissue annotations through crowdsourcing of non-experts, and real-time deployment of multimodal surgical anatomy AI model in colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Skinner
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Activ Surgical, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Tina Chen
- Activ Surgical, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Yao Liu
- Activ Surgical, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Warren Alpert Medical School Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Alan Harzman
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Emily Huang
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew Kalady
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Peter Kim
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
- Activ Surgical, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Nwaiwu CA, McCulloh CJ, Skinner G, Shah SK, Kim PCW, Schwaitzberg SD, Wilson EB. Real-time First-In-Human Comparison of Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging and ICG in Minimally Invasive Colorectal & Bariatric Surgery. J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 27:3083-3085. [PMID: 37848691 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-023-05855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chibueze A Nwaiwu
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Activ Surgical Inc., 30 Thomson Place, 2nd Floor, Boston, MA, 02127, USA
| | | | - Garrett Skinner
- Activ Surgical Inc., 30 Thomson Place, 2nd Floor, Boston, MA, 02127, USA
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Buffalo General Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Shinil K Shah
- Division of Minimally Invasive and Elective General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Institute for Comparative Cardiovascular Science and Biomedical Devices, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Peter C W Kim
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Activ Surgical Inc., 30 Thomson Place, 2nd Floor, Boston, MA, 02127, USA.
| | - Steven D Schwaitzberg
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Buffalo General Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Erik B Wilson
- Division of Minimally Invasive and Elective General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Ferreira JL, Maslanka S, Johnson E, Goodnough M, Barash J, Boersma T, Brown E, Dykes J, Eliasberg S, Inami G, Lau D, Lindsey C, Ludwig G, Minor E, Parker T, Reddy R, Skinner G, Solomon H, Tepp B, Tetzloff R. Detection of Botulinal Neurotoxins A, B, E, and F by Amplified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.2.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (amp-ELISA) was compared with the AOAC Official Method 977.26 for detection of Clostridium botulinum and its toxins in foods. Eleven laboratories participated and the results of 10 laboratories were used in the study. Two anaerobic culture media, tryptone peptone glucose yeast extract (TPGY) and cooked meat medium (CMM) were used to generate toxic samples with types A, B, E, and F botulinal strains. Nonbotulinal clostridia were also tested. The toxicity of each botulinal culture was determined by the AOAC method, and the cultures were then diluted, if necessary, to high (about 10 000 minimal lethal dose [MLD]/mL) and low (about 100 MLD/mL) test samples. The overall sensitivity of detection in TPGY and CMM cultures with the amp-ELISA was 94.7% at about 100 MLD/mL and 99.6% for samples with ≥10 000 MLD/mL toxicity. The amp-ELISA detection sensitivity for low toxin samples was 92.3% in TPGY and 99.4% in CMM. The false-positive rate ranged from 1.5% for type A to 28.6% for type F in TPGY, and from 2.4% for type A to 11.4% for type F in CMM. Most of the cross-reactivity was due to detection of other botulinal types, especially in high toxin samples. The amp-ELISA could be used to screen suspect cultures for botulinal toxins. Positive amp-ELISA samples would be confirmed by the AOAC reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan Maslanka
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333
| | - Eric Johnson
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Food Microbiology and Toxicology, 1925 Willow Dr, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Mike Goodnough
- Present address: Metabiologics, Inc., 505 S. Rosa Rd, Madison, WI 53719
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Babic M, Morgan P, Lonsdale C, Plotnikoff R, Eather N, Skinner G, Baker A, Pollock E, Lubans D. Intervention to reduce recreational screen-time in adolescents: Outcomes and mediators from the “Switch-off 4 Healthy Minds” (S4HM) cluster randomized controlled trial. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pirlot A, Janssens J, Skinner G, Godeau JM. Quantitative determination of haptoglobin (HAP) in human and bovine sera by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Vet Res 1999; 30:483-93. [PMID: 10543383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes an original assay for serum haptoglobin determination by measuring the capacity of human haptoglobin (hHAP) and bovine haptoglobin (bHAP) to bind haemoglobin (Hb) as established by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). This method involves the addition of Hb in excess to the serum and the separation of the HAP-Hb complexes from free haemoglobin by CZE. Protein migration was recorded at a wavelength of 415 nm which reveals Hb alone (free or bound), and the concentration of HAP was indirectly estimated by measuring bound Hb. Different CZE conditions and the peak migration time of Hb from various species (human, equine, bovine, canine) were investigated. The electrophoretic separation of free human Hb (hHb) in excess and the hHAP-hHb complex was fully achieved by CZE, allowing a quantitative determination of hHAP. However, bovine haemoglobin (bHb) bound to bHAP and free bHb were poorly separated under the same conditions. The best detachment between bHAP-Hb complexes and free Hb was only attained in the bovine sample by use of canine haemoglobin (cHb). CZE assays performed with cHb gave very close values to those of a classic photometric method which measured the peroxidase activity of the haptoglobin-cyanmethaemoglobin complexes (y = 1.0168x - 0.072; r2 = 0.97). CZE assay was fast (< 10 min), inexpensive, did not require the use of a specific antibody and was reproducible (coefficient of variation, CV 3.6%).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pirlot
- Département de biochimie générale et biochimie clinique, faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Liège, Belgium.
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Skinner G. Outsourcing. Health Estate 1998; 52:34-5. [PMID: 10181893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Skinner
- Commercial Outsourcing Ltd., Battle, East Sussex
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Lavigne J, Jean P, Kandel B, Borrel V, Roques J, Lichti G, Schönfelder V, Diehl R, Georgii R, Kirchner T, Durouchoux P, Cordier B, Diallo N, Sanchez F, Payne B, Leleux P, Caraveo P, Teegarden B, Matteson J, Slassi-Sennou S, Skinner G, Connell P. The INTEGRAL experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-5632(97)00502-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether nurses' and NIDDM patients' communication styles during consultations are related to subsequent metabolic control and to examine factors influencing patterns of communication in these consultations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 47 NIDDM patients participated in the study and completed the following procedures: 1) assessment of baseline HbA1, 2) attended 3.5 days of diabetes education, 3) returned in 1 mo for a follow-up consultation with a nurse, and (4) returned in 9-12 wk for a follow-up HbA1 assessment. The communication variables coded from the consultations were the frequency with which nurses produced controlling, informative, and patient-centered utterances and the frequency with which patients sought information, engaged in decision making, and expressed negative affect. RESULTS The results were as follows: 1) patients experienced poorer metabolic control after interacting with nurses who were more controlling and directive in their communication with patients (r = 0.39, P < 0.01); 2) the nurses' use of patient-centered responses was directly related to the degree to which patients expressed feelings (r = 0.34, P < 0.01) and exhibited decision-making behavior (r = 0.62, P < 0.01); and 3) several of the nurses' and patients' communicative behaviors were related to patient characteristics such as age, sex, education, and baseline HbA1 levels. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that providers' attempts to exert considerable control during consultations with NIDDM patients may be counterproductive and contribute to poorer outcomes. The findings also indicate that patient-centered behaviors (e.g., encouraging the patient's involvement, respecting the patient's opinion, and offering support) facilitate the patient's ability to be an active participant in the consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Street
- Department of Speech Communication, Texas A & M University College of Medicine, College Station 77843-4234
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Batra PP, Skinner G. A kinetic study of the photochemical inactivation of adenylate kinases of Mycobacterium marinum and bovine heart mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta 1990; 1038:52-9. [PMID: 2156572 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(90)90009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Using incident light energy of about 76 mW.cm-2 in a dye-sensitized photooxidation reaction, we have investigated the possible involvement of one or both of the histidine residues in the catalytic activity of adenylate kinase (ATP:AMP phosphotransferase) of Mycobacterium marinum. We have done this by investigating the kinetics of photochemical inactivation of the enzyme. At pH 7.4, the kinetics of photoinactivation are biphasic with two different pseudo-first-order rate constants. Adenosine 5'-pentaphospho 5'-adenosine (Ap5A), ATP and, to some extent, AMP, all gave protection to the enzyme from inactivation. Amino-acid analysis of the photoinactivated enzyme indicated the loss of the two histidine residues. This, and the fact that photoinactivation occurred faster at alkaline compared to acidic pH, indicated the involvement of the histidine residues in the catalytic activity. A mathematical model is developed which assumes that both histidine residues are required for maximal catalytic activity: one is located peripherally, is exposed, and therefore is readily photooxidized (pseudo-first-order rate constant, k1 = 1.3.10(-2)s-1), while the other is located at the active site, involved in substrate-binding and is shielded (pseudo-first-order rate constant, k2 = 2.9.10(-4)s-1). However, this shielded histidine could be exposed and made more accessible to photooxidation either by raising the pH above 10, or alternatively, by the addition of 8 M acetamide (or 6 M guanidine). Under these conditions, which apparently cause unfolding of the protein molecule, the kinetics of photoinactivation change from biphasic to monophasic, suggesting that both histidine residues are equally exposed and are photooxidized at the same rate. Unlike the enzyme from M. marinum, adenylate kinase from bovine heart mitochondria shows monophasic kinetics of photoinactivation at pH 7.4, suggesting that only one of the six histidine residues is essential for catalytic activity, or if more than one, then they all must be equally exposed. Further, ATP, AMP or Ap5A did not provide protection against photoinactivation, suggesting that the histidine residue(s) involved in the catalytic activity must remain exposed after the substrates bind at the active site of the mitochondrial enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Batra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435
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Skinner G, Wrabetz JM, Schreir L. Resource management in a distributed internetwork environment. SIGCOMM Comput Commun Rev 1987. [DOI: 10.1145/55483.55509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The resource management system is designed to support location-transparent access to resources and to improve performance in a distributed internetwork environment. In this environment, access to one of several machines that have a given resource is determined by the effective bandwidth and reliability of internetwork communications, the ability to interact with the machines offering the resources, and the load on those machines. Using these criteria, the resources management system enables applications to determine and obtain access to the “best” copy of a resource. Should the resource become unavailable from one machine, the resource management system can dynamically direct the applications to another machine known to offer the same resource. This paper discusses some of the problems that motivated the design, an implementation for a UNIX workstation environment, and future directions for the resource management system
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Skinner G. The history of surgical instruments. Nurs Times 1984; 80:28-30. [PMID: 6382176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Skinner G. Herpes simplex: a cure for some ills. Nurs Mirror 1980; 151:38-9. [PMID: 6902947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Skinner G. What do practicing nurses want to know? Am J Nurs 1969; 69:1662-4. [PMID: 5193813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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