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Ellis PE, Barron GA, Bermano G. Adipocytokines and their relationship to endometrial cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 158:507-516. [PMID: 32507648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between circulating levels of adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6)) and growth factors (insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and II (IGF-II)), and the risk of endometrial cancer. METHODS Cochrane, CINAHL, Embase, Medline and Web of Science were searched for English-language manuscripts published between January 2000 and August 2018 using the following string of words: cancer and endometrial and (obesity or BMI) and (adiponectin or TNF* or IGF-I or IGF-II or IL-6 or leptin). RESULTS Twenty articles were included in this meta-analysis, which corresponded to 18 studies involving 2921 endometrial carcinoma cases and 5302 controls. Fourteen articles reported circulating levels for adiponectin, seven for leptin, three for TNFα, three for IL-6 and one for IGF-I. No article reported values for IGF-II. Patients with circulating adiponectin levels in the highest tertile had decreased endometrial cancer risk compared to women with levels in the lowest tertile, (summary of odds ratio (SOR) 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38-0.69, p < 0.00001). Women with circulating leptin concentrations in the highest tertile had increased endometrial cancer risk compared to women with concentrations in the lowest tertile (SOR 2.19, 95% CI: 1.45-3.30, p = 0.0002). There was no difference in cancer risk between participants with the highest TNFα and IL-6 levels compared to the lowest levels (SOR 1.27, 95% CI: 0.88-1.83, p = 0.20 and SOR 1.20, 95% CI: 0.89-1.63, p = 0.23, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Endometrial cancer risk is inversely affected by adiponectin and leptin levels. There appears to be no relationship between TNFα and IL-6 and the overall risk of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E Ellis
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB107GJ, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Royal Surrey County Hospital, Egerton Road, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Gemma A Barron
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB107GJ, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Giovanna Bermano
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB107GJ, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Kopsida M, Barron GA, Bermano G, Kong Thoo Lin P, Goua M. Novel bisnaphthalimidopropyl (BNIPs) derivatives as anticancer compounds targeting DNA in human breast cancer cells. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:9780-9789. [PMID: 27722499 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01850e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisnaphthalimidopropyl (BNIP) derivatives are a family of compounds that exert anti-cancer activities in vitro and, according to previous studies, variations in the linker sequence have increased their DNA binding and cytotoxic activities. By modifying the linker sequence of bisnaphthalimidopropyl diaminodicyclohexylmethane (BNIPDaCHM), a previously synthesised BNIP derivative with anti-cancer properties, three novel BNIP derivatives were designed. Bisnaphthalimidopropyl-piperidylpropane (BNIPPiProp), a structural isomer of BNIPDaCHM, bisnaphthalimidopropyl ethylenedipiperidine dihydrobromide (BNIPPiEth), an isoform of BNIPDaCHM with a shorter linker chain, and (trans(trans))-bisnaphthalimidopropyl diaminodicyclohexylmethane (trans,trans-BNIPDaCHM), a stereoisomer of BNIPDaCHM, were successfully synthesised (72.3-29.5% yield) and characterised by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Competitive displacement of ethidium bromide (EtBr) and UV binding studies were used to study the interactions of BNIP derivatives with Calf Thymus DNA. The cytotoxicity of these derivatives was assessed against human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3 cells by MTT assay. Propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry was conducted in order to evaluate the cellular DNA content in both breast cancer cell lines before and after treatment with BNIPs. The results showed that all novel BNIPs exhibit strong DNA binding properties in vitro, and strong cytotoxicity, with IC50 values in the range of 0.2-3.3 μM after 24 hours drug treatment. Two of the novel BNIP derivatives, BNIPPiEth and trans,trans-BNIPDaCHM, exhibited greater cytotoxicity against the two breast cancer cell lines studied, compared to BNIPDaCHM. By synthesising enantiopures and reducing the length of the linker sequence, the cytotoxicity of the BNIP derivatives was significantly improved compared to BNIPDaCHM, while maintaining DNA binding and bis-intercalating properties. In addition, cell cycle studies indicated that trans,trans-BNIPDaCHM, the most cytotoxic BNIP derivative, induced sub-G1 cell cycle arrest, indicative of apoptotic cell death. Based on these findings, further investigation is under way to assess the potential efficacy of trans,trans-BNIPDaCHM and BNIPPiEth in treating human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kopsida
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, Scotland, UK.
| | - Gemma A Barron
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, Scotland, UK. and Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), Faculty of Health and Social Care, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Giovanna Bermano
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), Faculty of Health and Social Care, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Paul Kong Thoo Lin
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, Scotland, UK.
| | - Marie Goua
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, Scotland, UK.
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Barron GA, Goua M, Wahle KWJ, Bermano G. Circulating levels of angiogenesis-related growth factors in breast cancer: A study to profile proteins responsible for tubule formation. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1886-1894. [PMID: 28714000 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study exploited a versatile in vitro endothelial cell/fibroblast co-culture cell system to investigate the association between angiogenesis and breast cancer by comparing the capacity of plasma from women with breast cancer and age-matched controls, to influence tubule formation and modulate angiogenesis in vitro, and to identify plasma circulating factors which might be responsible. Plasma from women with breast cancer (n=8) (added on day 7 after co-culture establishment) significantly increased tubule formation by 57% (P<0.01) when compared to cultures grown in culture medium lacking in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fetal bovine serum (FBS), whereas plasma from controls (n=8) did not. Higher levels of VEGF, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-6, but not leptin, were observed in plasma samples of the breast cancer group compared to the control group (n=20 in each group). In independent experiments, the effects of VEGF, TNFα, IL-6 and leptin were assessed and it was found that tubule formation was differentially affected whether these inflammatory cytokines or adipokines were added individually or in combination to the co-culture system. Using Proteome Profiler human angiogenesis array kits, 12 out of 55 angiogenesis-related proteins were differentially expressed in plasma from the breast cancer group compared to the control group. Pro-angiogenic proteins included: amphiregulin, artemin, coagulation factor III, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) acidic, GDNF, IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, platelet derived growth factor-AB/platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-AB/PDGF-BB) and VEGF, whereas anti-angiogenic proteins were: angiopoietin-2, serpin F1 and serpin B5. In addition, FGF acidic was further identified as differentially expressed, with increased expression, when plasma samples from the normal and cancer groups, which induced an increase in tubule formation, were compared to one another. In conclusion, the present study identified angiogenesis-related proteins circulating in the serum of women with breast cancer that are likely to facilitate the growth and metastasis of breast cancer, in part through their influence on tubule formation, and, therefore, may be potential targets for new cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma A Barron
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Marie Goua
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences (PALS), Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Klaus W J Wahle
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Giovanna Bermano
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB10 7GJ, UK
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Lima RT, Barron GA, Grabowska JA, Bermano G, Kaur S, Roy N, Vasconcelos MH, Lin PKT. Cytotoxicity and cell death mechanisms induced by a novel bisnaphthalimidopropyl derivative against the NCI-H460 non-small lung cancer cell line. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2013; 13:414-21. [PMID: 23092269 DOI: 10.2174/1871520611313030005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Some polyamine derivatives, namely the bisnaphthalimidopropyl polyamines (BNIPPs) may have potential as anticancer drugs. Indeed, previous work from some of us had shown that the ability of these molecules to bind to DNA may contribute to their cytotoxicity. However, their precise mode of action has not been fully understood. In the present work, we report for the first time the effect of the previously synthesised compounds, BNIPDaCHM and NPA, together with a new BNIP derivative (BNIP-3,4-DaDPM) in the in vitro growth of a non-small cell lung cancer cell line (NCI-H460). In addition, for the most potent compound (BNIPDaCHM), its activity as sirtuin inhibitor was investigated in vitro and further confirmed in silico. Results in the NCI-H460 cells showed that, from the compounds tested, BNIPDaCHM was the most potent (GI50 of 1.3 μM). In addition, a concentration-dependent alteration in the normal NCI-H460 cell cycle profile was observed following treatment with BNIPDaCHM as well as an increase in the sub-G1 peak (suggestive of apoptotis). This effect was further supported by Annexin V/PI staining and by analysing the expression of proteins related to apoptosis (cleaved PARP and Caspase-3) by Western blot. It was also observed that BNIPDaCHM inhibited the activity of SIRT2 in vitro, but not of SIRT1. Accordingly, this compound also caused a small increase in tubulin acetylation in NCI-H460 cells. To determine the binding potential of BNIPDaCHM on hSIRT2 and to further validate its inhibitory action, in silico docking studies were carried out, which revealed that BNIPDaCHM is composed of an entirely new SIRT2- inhibiting structural scaffold. In conclusion, this study indicates that BNIP derivatives with a novel structural backbone, such as BNIPDaCHM, may have potential as building blocks for novel antitumour agents which might selectively bind to hSIRT-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel T Lima
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP--Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Barron GA, Moseley H, Woods JA. Differential sensitivity in cell lines to photodynamic therapy in combination with ABCG2 inhibition. J Photochem Photobiol B 2013; 126:87-96. [PMID: 23911860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ABCG2 is an ATP-binding cassette transporter protein which has a role in the regulation of endogenous protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) levels. OBJECTIVE To understand the influence of ABCG2 on porphyrin-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) and fluorescence diagnosis (FD), we examined the role of endogenous ABCG2 in four human cell lines from the epidermis (HaCaT keratinocytes), oesophagus (OE19 adenocarcinoma), brain (SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma) and bladder (HT1197 carcinoma). METHODS Cells were incubated with ALA or MAL in the presence or absence of the ABCG2 activity inhibitor Ko-143. Porphyrin accumulation was detected by spectrofluorimetric analysis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with porphyrin localisation observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. PDT efficacy was assessed 24h post irradiation (1.5J/cm(2) red light) by the neutral red (NR) assay. RESULTS We show cell-specific differences when Ko-143 was co-incubated with ALA or, in particular with, MAL. Enhanced PDT-induced cell kill was shown in HaCaT, OE19 and HT1197 cells, but not SH-SY5Y cells and could be explained by porphyrin accumulation and expression of ABCG2. We have also found that despite high levels of intracellular PpIX, the OE19 cells were protected from phototoxic cell death by PpIX compartmentalisation. This could be reversed by Ko-143. CONCLUSION The results from this study show a possible cause of reduced sensitivity to ALA/MAL-PDT, with a potential solution to overcome this effect in certain tissue types. The potential to improve PDT with Ko-143 remains promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma A Barron
- Photobiology Unit, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, United Kingdom.
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T. Lima R, A. Barron G, A. Grabowska J, Bermano G, Kaur S, Roy N, Helena Vasconcelos M, K.T. Lin P. Cytotoxicity and Cell Death Mechanisms Induced by a Novel Bisnaphthalimidopropyl Derivative against the NCI-H460 non-small Lung Cancer Cell Line. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.2174/187152013804910488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Barron GA, Bermano G, Gordon A, Kong Thoo Lin P. Synthesis, cytotoxicity and DNA-binding of novel bisnaphthalimidopropyl derivatives in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:1430-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2009] [Revised: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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