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Palacio LC, Durango-Giraldo G, Zapata-Hernandez C, Santa-González GA, Uribe D, Saiz J, Buitrago-Sierra R, Tobón C. Characterization of airborne particulate matter and its toxic and proarrhythmic effects: A case study in Aburrá Valley, Colombia. Environ Pollut 2023; 336:122475. [PMID: 37652229 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Particle matter (PM) is a complex mixture of particles suspended in the air, mainly caused by fuel combustion from vehicles and industry, and has been related to pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. The Metropolitan Area of Aburrá Valley in Colombia is the second most populous urban agglomeration in the country and the third densest in the world, composed of ten municipalities. Examining the physicochemical properties of PM is crucial in comprehending its composition and its effects on human health, as it varies based on the socioeconomic dynamics specific to each city. This study characterized the PM collected from the north, south, and central zones to evaluate its chemical composition and morphology. Different elements such as silicon, carbon, aluminum, potassium, calcium, sodium, iron, magnesium, and copper and the presence of unburned fuel, motor oil, and silicon fibers were identified. In vitro and in silico studies were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of the PM, and it was found that the PM collected from the central zone had the greatest impact on cell viability and caused DNA damage. The in silico study demonstrated that PM has concentration-dependent proarrhythmic effects, reflected in an action potential duration shortening and an increased number of reentries, which may contribute to the development of cardiac arrhythmias. Overall, the results suggest that the size and chemical composition of ambient PM can induce toxicity and play an important role in the generation of arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Palacio
- MATBIOM, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Geraldine Durango-Giraldo
- MATyER, Facultad de Ingeniería, Institución Universitaria ITM, Medellín, Colombia; Departament of Textile and Paper Engineering, Polytechnical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camilo Zapata-Hernandez
- MATBIOM, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia; MATyER, Facultad de Ingeniería, Institución Universitaria ITM, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria A Santa-González
- GI(2)B, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Institución Universitaria ITM, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diego Uribe
- GI(2)B, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Institución Universitaria ITM, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Javier Saiz
- CI(2)B, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Catalina Tobón
- MATBIOM, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
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Durango-Giraldo G, Zapata-Hernandez C, Santa J, Buitrago-Sierra R. Palm oil as a biolubricant: Literature review of processing parameters and tribological performance. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Palacio LC, Pachajoa DC, Durango-Giraldo G, Zapata-Hernandez C, Ugarte JP, Saiz J, Buitrago-Sierra R, Tobón C. Atrial proarrhythmic effect of lead as one of the PM10 metal components of air pollution. An in-silico study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258313. [PMID: 34637464 PMCID: PMC8509962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is considered the most severe environmental pollution problem due to its serious effects on human health associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this work, a physicochemical characterization of PM10 from the city of Medellin was developed. The results evince that lead (Pb) is one of the most abundant elements since it is present in all analyzed samples. Therefore, Pb was chosen to perform an in-silico study to assess its effects on atrial arrhythmias generation. For this purpose, we developed a model representing the Pb2+ blocking effect on the L-type calcium channel. This formulation was incorporated in a human atrial cell mathematical model and in 2D and 3D models of human atria. The simulations showed a proarrhythmic effect at high Pb2+ concentrations, through shortening of action potential duration inducing the generation of reentrant activity and atrial flutter. The results contribute to the knowledge about the cardiac physiopathological processes, triggered by lead as one of the main PM10 metal components of air pollution, that yields the generation of arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Juan P. Ugarte
- GIMSC, Universidad de San Buenaventura, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Javier Saiz
- CIB, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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Zapata-Hernandez C, Durango-Giraldo G, López D, Buitrago-Sierra R, Cacua K. Surfactants versus surface functionalization to improve the stability of graphene nanofluids. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2021.1880429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Zapata-Hernandez
- Grupo de Materiales Avanzados y Energía - MATyER, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Geraldine Durango-Giraldo
- Grupo de Materiales Avanzados y Energía - MATyER, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana López
- Química de Recursos Energéticos y Medio Ambiente, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Robison Buitrago-Sierra
- Grupo de Materiales Avanzados y Energía - MATyER, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Karen Cacua
- Grupo de Materiales Avanzados y Energía - MATyER, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín, Colombia
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Durango-Giraldo G, Cardona A, Zapata JF, Santa JF, Buitrago-Sierra R. Titanium dioxide modified with silver by two methods for bactericidal applications. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01608. [PMID: 31193210 PMCID: PMC6522664 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
“Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a semiconductor material that exhibits antibacterial activity due to its photocatalytic properties under ultraviolet light. On the other hand, silver also exhibits strong antibacterial activity towards a wide range of microorganisms and TiO2 with silver addition exhibits more efficient photocatalytic properties than unmodified TiO2. In this work, TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the hydrothermal method and modified with silver by two different methods: wet impregnation (Ex situ) and In situ incorporation. The antimicrobial activity of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized and modified by both methods was evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that TiO2 nanoparticles have anatase phase. Also, spherical morphology with a mean particle size around 10.6 nm was obtained. The presence of silver in the modified TiO2 nanoparticles was confirmed by EDS and XPS. TiO2 particles modified by the Ex situ method, showed a better bactericidal activity compared to the particles modified by In situ incorporation method and TiO2 unmodified nanoparticles. This study demonstrated that both methods used to modify the titanium dioxide nanoparticles are effective as bactericidal materials and better results were found for the Ex situ method.”
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Durango-Giraldo
- Materiales Avanzados y Energía – MATyER Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano-ITM, Medellín, Colombia
| | - A. Cardona
- Materiales Avanzados y Energía – MATyER Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano-ITM, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Felipe Zapata
- Materiales Avanzados y Energía – MATyER Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano-ITM, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Felipe Santa
- Materiales Avanzados y Energía – MATyER Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano-ITM, Medellín, Colombia
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - R. Buitrago-Sierra
- Materiales Avanzados y Energía – MATyER Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano-ITM, Medellín, Colombia
- Corresponding author.
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