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Rose A, Rodriguez-Aguilera J, Schicht G, Lohrenz A, Tvardovskiy A, Büscher J, Hoffmann A, Damm G, Laufs U, Seehofer D, Blüher M, Sheikh B. The impact of cholesterol lowering drugs on metabolism and epigenetics. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Damm G, Schicht G, Zimmermann A, Rennert C, Fischer N, Kießig M, Wagner T, Kegel V, Seehofer D. Effect of glucose and insulin supplementation on the isolation of primary human hepatocytes. EXCLI J 2019; 18:1071-1091. [PMID: 31839763 PMCID: PMC6909377 DOI: 10.17179/excli2019-1782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) remain the gold standard for in vitro investigations of xenobiotic metabolism and hepatotoxicity. However, scarcity of liver tissue and novel developments in liver surgery has limited the availability and quality of tissue samples. In particular, warm ischemia shifts the intracellular metabolism from aerobic to anaerobic conditions, which increases glycogenolysis, glucose depletion and energy deficiency. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether supplementation with glucose and insulin during PHH isolation could reconstitute intracellular glycogen storage and beneficially affect viability and functionality. Furthermore, the study elucidated whether the susceptibility of the tissue's energy status correlates with body mass index (BMI). PHHs from 12 donors were isolated from human liver tissue obtained from partial liver resections using a two-step EDTA/collagenase perfusion technique. For a direct comparison of the influence of glucose/insulin supplementation, we modified the setup, enabling the parallel isolation of two pieces of one tissue sample with varying perfusate. Independent of the BMI of the patient, the glycogen content in liver tissue was notably low in the majority of samples. Furthermore, supplementation with glucose and insulin had no beneficial effect on the glycogen concentration of isolated PHHs. However, an indirect improvement of the availability of energy was shown by increased viability, plating efficiency and partial cellular activity after supplementation. The plating efficiency showed a striking inverse correlation with increasing lipid content of PHHs. However, 60 h of cultivation time revealed no significant impact on the maintenance of albumin and urea synthesis or xenobiotic metabolism after supplementation. In conclusion, surgical procedures and tissue handling may decrease hepatic energy resources and lead to cell stress and death. Consequently, PHHs with low energy resources die during the isolation process without supplementation of glucose/insulin or early cell culture, while their survival rates are improved with glucose/insulin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Damm
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerda Schicht
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea Zimmermann
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christiane Rennert
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicolas Fischer
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melanie Kießig
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tristan Wagner
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Victoria Kegel
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Seehofer
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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Serfling R, Lorenz C, Etzel M, Schicht G, Böttke T, Mörl M, Coin I. Designer tRNAs for efficient incorporation of non-canonical amino acids by the pyrrolysine system in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:1-10. [PMID: 29177436 PMCID: PMC5758916 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNAPyl pair is the most versatile and widespread system for the incorporation of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins in mammalian cells. However, low yields of ncAA incorporation severely limit its applicability to relevant biological targets. Here, we generate two tRNAPyl variants that significantly boost the performance of the pyrrolysine system. Compared to the original tRNAPyl, the engineered tRNAs feature a canonical hinge between D- and T-loop, show higher intracellular concentrations and bear partially distinct post-transcriptional modifications. Using the new tRNAs, we demonstrate efficient ncAA incorporation into a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and simultaneous ncAA incorporation at two GPCR sites. Moreover, by incorporating last-generation ncAAs for bioorthogonal chemistry, we achieve GPCR labeling with small organic fluorophores on the live cell and visualize stimulus-induced GPCR internalization. Such a robust system for incorporation of single or multiple ncAAs will facilitate the application of a wide pool of chemical tools for structural and functional studies of challenging biological targets in live mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Serfling
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Lorenz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maja Etzel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerda Schicht
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thore Böttke
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Mörl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Irene Coin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Wagner DC, Pösel C, Schulz I, Schicht G, Boltze J, Lange F, Scheibe J, Möller K, Weise G. Allometric dose retranslation unveiled substantial immunological side effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after stroke. Stroke 2014; 45:623-6. [PMID: 24407949 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.113.003812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) showed robust neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties after stroke in rodents but failed to meet study end points in patients. Because immunologic side effects of GCSF may have escaped preclinical testing because of nonallometric dose translation, we hypothesized those as possible reasons. METHODS Stroke was induced in C57BL/6 mice by 45-minute filament middle cerebral artery occlusion. GCSF was administered at 50 and 832.5 μg/kg body weight. Treatment was controlled by vehicle injection, sham surgery, and naive animals. Immune cell counts were assessed in blood, spleen, and brain by multidimensional flow cytometry 1 day after stroke. RESULTS High-dose GCSF significantly altered myeloid and T-cell subpopulations in blood and spleen and caused a tremendous increase of monocytes/macrophages infiltrating the ischemic brain. CONCLUSIONS Dose-dependent immunomodulation superimposes central nervous system-specific effects of GCSF after stroke. Adaption of dose or treatment time may overcome this drawback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel-Christoph Wagner
- From the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany (D.-C.W., C.P., I.S., G.S., J.B., F.L., J.S., K.M., G.W.); Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (D.-C.W., J.B., G.W.); and Stroke and Neurovascular Regulation Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.B.)
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Schicht G. C.-G. Hedénand T. Illéni (Editors), New Approaches to the Identification of Microorganisms. XXVI, 466 S., 146 Abb., 57 Tab., 122 Tafeln. New York—London—Sydney—Toronto 1975: John Wiley & Sons. £ 10.30. J Basic Microbiol 1976. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.3630160618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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