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Adams CE, Montgomery AA, Aburrow T, Bloomfield S, Briley PM, Carew E, Chatterjee-Woolman S, Feddah G, Friedel J, Gibbard J, Haynes E, Hussein M, Jayaram M, Naylor S, Perry L, Schmidt L, Siddique U, Tabaksert AS, Taylor D, Velani A, White D, Xia J. Adding evidence of the effects of treatments into relevant Wikipedia pages: a randomised trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e033655. [PMID: 32086355 PMCID: PMC7045027 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of adding high-grade quantitative evidence of outcomes of treatments into relevant Wikipedia pages on further information-seeking behaviour by the use of routinely collected data. SETTING Wikipedia, Cochrane summary pages and the Cochrane Library. DESIGN Randomised trial. PARTICIPANTS Wikipedia pages which were highly relevant to up-to-date Cochrane Schizophrenia systematic reviews that contained a Summary of Findings table. INTERVENTIONS Eligible Wikipedia pages in the intervention group were seeded with tables of best evidence of the effects of care and hyperlinks to the source Cochrane review. Eligible Wikipedia pages in the control group were left unchanged. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Routinely collected data on access to the full text and summary web page (after 12 months). RESULTS We randomised 70 Wikipedia pages (100% follow-up). Six of the 35 Wikipedia pages in the intervention group had the tabular format deleted during the study but all pages continued to report the same data within the text. There was no evidence of effect on either of the coprimary outcomes: full-text access adjusted ratio of geometric means 1.30, 95% CI: 0.71 to 2.38; page views 1.14, 95% CI: 0.6 to 2.13. Results were similar for all other outcomes, with exception of Altmetric score for which there was some evidence of clear effect (1.36, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.78). CONCLUSIONS The pursuit of fair balance within Wikipedia healthcare pages is impressive and its reach unsurpassed. For every person who sought and clicked the reference on the 'intervention' Wikipedia page to seek more information (the primary outcome), many more are likely to have been informed by the page alone. Enriching Wikipedia content is, potentially, a powerful way to improve health literacy and it is possible to test the effects of seeding pages with evidence. This trial should be replicated, expanded and developed. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT2017070330407N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clive E Adams
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alan A Montgomery
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tony Aburrow
- Health Sciences, Research, John Wiley Ltd, Chichester, UK
| | - Sophie Bloomfield
- Department of Critical Care, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Paul M Briley
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ebun Carew
- General Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals Healthcare NHS Trust, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | | | - Ghalia Feddah
- Emergency Department, Gold Coast University Hospitals, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Johannes Friedel
- Faculty Management and Business Science, University of Aalen, Aalen, Germany
| | - Josh Gibbard
- The Acute Stroke Unit - Huggett Suite, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, UK
| | - Euan Haynes
- Haematology, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, Gateshead, UK
| | - Mohsin Hussein
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Mahesh Jayaram
- Psychaitry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samuel Naylor
- Emergency Department, Gold Coast University Hospitals, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Luke Perry
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lena Schmidt
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Fakultät Gesundheit, Sicherheit und Gesellschaft, Hochschule Furtwangen University, Furtwangen, Germany
| | - Umer Siddique
- Community Recovery Psychiatry, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ayla Serena Tabaksert
- Liaison Psychiatry, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | | | - Aarti Velani
- Acute Medicine, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Douglas White
- Accident and Emergency, Epsom and Saint Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust Epsom Hospital, Epsom, Surrey, UK
| | - Jun Xia
- Nottingham Ningbo GRADE Centre, Nottingham China Health Institute, The University of Nottingham Ningbo, Ningbo, China
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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