1
|
Polimeno L, Lerario G, De Giorgi M, De Marco L, Dominici L, Todisco F, Coriolano A, Ardizzone V, Pugliese M, Prontera CT, Maiorano V, Moliterni A, Giannini C, Olieric V, Gigli G, Ballarini D, Xiong Q, Fieramosca A, Solnyshkov DD, Malpuech G, Sanvitto D. Author Correction: Tuning of the Berry curvature in 2D perovskite polaritons. Nat Nanotechnol 2021; 16:1435. [PMID: 34773123 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-01046-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Polimeno
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, 'Ennio de Giorgi', Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
- INFN Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Lecce, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Annalisa Coriolano
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, 'Ennio de Giorgi', Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Marco Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, 'Ennio de Giorgi', Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, 'Ennio de Giorgi', Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Qihua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Antonio Fieramosca
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
| | - Dmitry D Solnyshkov
- Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Malpuech
- Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
- INFN Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Polimeno L, Lerario G, De Giorgi M, De Marco L, Dominici L, Todisco F, Coriolano A, Ardizzone V, Pugliese M, Prontera CT, Maiorano V, Moliterni A, Giannini C, Olieric V, Gigli G, Ballarini D, Xiong Q, Fieramosca A, Solnyshkov DD, Malpuech G, Sanvitto D. Tuning of the Berry curvature in 2D perovskite polaritons. Nat Nanotechnol 2021; 16:1349-1354. [PMID: 34675412 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00977-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of the energy dispersion of polaritons in microcavities through nanofabrication or through the exploitation of intrinsic material and cavity anisotropies has demonstrated many intriguing effects related to topology and emergent gauge fields such as the anomalous quantum Hall and Rashba effects. Here we show how we can obtain different Berry curvature distributions of polariton bands in a strongly coupled organic-inorganic two-dimensional perovskite single-crystal microcavity. The spatial anisotropy of the perovskite crystal combined with photonic spin-orbit coupling produce two Hamilton diabolical points in the dispersion. An external magnetic field breaks time-reversal symmetry owing to the exciton Zeeman splitting and lifts the degeneracy of the diabolical points. As a result, the bands possess non-zero integral Berry curvatures, which we directly measure by state tomography. In addition to the determination of the different Berry curvatures of the multimode microcavity dispersions, we can also modify the Berry curvature distribution, the so-called band geometry, within each band by tuning external parameters, such as temperature, magnetic field and sample thickness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Polimeno
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, 'Ennio de Giorgi', Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
- INFN Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Lecce, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Annalisa Coriolano
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, 'Ennio de Giorgi', Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Marco Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, 'Ennio de Giorgi', Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, 'Ennio de Giorgi', Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Qihua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Antonio Fieramosca
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
| | - Dmitry D Solnyshkov
- Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
| | - Guillaume Malpuech
- Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
- INFN Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Antenucci F, Lerario G, Fernandéz BS, De Marco L, De Giorgi M, Ballarini D, Sanvitto D, Leuzzi L. Demonstration of Self-Starting Nonlinear Mode Locking in Random Lasers. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:173901. [PMID: 33988433 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.173901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In ultrafast multimode lasers, mode locking is implemented by means of saturable absorbers or modulators, allowing for very short pulses. This occurs because of nonlinear interactions of modes with well equispaced frequencies. Though theory predicts that, in the absence of any device, mode locking would occur in random lasers, this has never been demonstrated so far. Through the analysis of multimode correlations we provide clear evidence for nonlinear mode coupling in random lasers. The behavior of multiresonance intensity correlations is tested against the nonlinear frequency matching condition equivalent to the one underlying phase locking in ordered ultrafast lasers. Nontrivially large correlations are clearly observed for spatially overlapping resonances that sensitively depend on the frequency matching condition to be satisfied, eventually demonstrating the occurrence of nonlinear mode-locked mode coupling. This is the first example, to our knowledge, of an experimental realization of self-starting mode locking in random lasers, allowing for many new developments in the design and use of nanostructured devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Antenucci
- CNR-NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Saddle Point Science Ltd, 71 OAKS Avenue, Worcester Park KT4 8XE, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Lerario
- CNR-NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Luisa De Marco
- CNR-NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Milena De Giorgi
- CNR-NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Dario Ballarini
- CNR-NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR-NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Leuzzi
- CNR-NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Suárez-Forero DG, Riminucci F, Ardizzone V, Karpowicz N, Maggiolini E, Macorini G, Lerario G, Todisco F, De Giorgi M, Dominici L, Ballarini D, Gigli G, Lanotte AS, West K, Baldwin K, Pfeiffer L, Sanvitto D. Enhancement of Parametric Effects in Polariton Waveguides Induced by Dipolar Interactions. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:137401. [PMID: 33861133 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.137401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exciton-polaritons are hybrid light-matter excitations arising from the nonperturbative coupling of a photonic mode and an excitonic resonance. Behaving as interacting photons, they show optical third-order nonlinearities providing effects such as optical parametric oscillation or amplification. It has been suggested that polariton-polariton interactions can be greatly enhanced by inducing aligned electric dipoles in their excitonic part. However, direct evidence of a true particle-particle interaction, such as superfluidity or parametric scattering, is still missing. In this Letter, we demonstrate that dipolar interactions can be used to enhance parametric effects such as self-phase modulation in waveguide polaritons. By quantifying these optical nonlinearities, we provide a reliable experimental measurement of the direct dipolar enhancement of polariton-polariton interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D G Suárez-Forero
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università del Salento, Strada Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, Campus Ecotekne, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - F Riminucci
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università del Salento, Strada Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, Campus Ecotekne, Lecce 73100, Italy
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - V Ardizzone
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - N Karpowicz
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - E Maggiolini
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - G Macorini
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - G Lerario
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - F Todisco
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - M De Giorgi
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - L Dominici
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - D Ballarini
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - G Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - A S Lanotte
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Via per Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - K West
- PRISM, Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - K Baldwin
- PRISM, Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - L Pfeiffer
- PRISM, Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - D Sanvitto
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Via per Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baranov D, Fieramosca A, Yang RX, Polimeno L, Lerario G, Toso S, Giansante C, Giorgi MD, Tan LZ, Sanvitto D, Manna L. Aging of Self-Assembled Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Superlattices: Effects on Photoluminescence and Energy Transfer. ACS Nano 2021; 15:650-664. [PMID: 33350811 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Excitonic coupling, electronic coupling, and cooperative interactions in self-assembled lead halide perovskite nanocrystals were reported to give rise to a red-shifted collective emission peak with accelerated dynamics. Here we report that similar spectroscopic features could appear as a result of the nanocrystal reactivity within the self-assembled superlattices. This is demonstrated by studying CsPbBr3 nanocrystal superlattices over time with room-temperature and cryogenic micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy. It is shown that a gradual contraction of the superlattices and subsequent coalescence of the nanocrystals occurs over several days of keeping such structures under vacuum. As a result, a narrow, low-energy emission peak is observed at 4 K with a concomitant shortening of the photoluminescence lifetime due to the energy transfer between nanocrystals. When exposed to air, self-assembled CsPbBr3 nanocrystals develop bulk-like CsPbBr3 particles on top of the superlattices. At 4 K, these particles produce a distribution of narrow, low-energy emission peaks with short lifetimes and excitation fluence-dependent, oscillatory decays. Overall, the aging of CsPbBr3 nanocrystal assemblies dramatically alters their emission properties and that should not be overlooked when studying collective optoelectronic phenomena nor confused with superfluorescence effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Baranov
- Nanochemistry Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Antonio Fieramosca
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Ruo Xi Yang
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Laura Polimeno
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. de Giorgi", Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lerario
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Stefano Toso
- Nanochemistry Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- International Doctoral Program in Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia 25121, Italy
| | - Carlo Giansante
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Milena De Giorgi
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Liang Z Tan
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Liberato Manna
- Nanochemistry Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ballarini D, Gianfrate A, Panico R, Opala A, Ghosh S, Dominici L, Ardizzone V, De Giorgi M, Lerario G, Gigli G, Liew TCH, Matuszewski M, Sanvitto D. Polaritonic Neuromorphic Computing Outperforms Linear Classifiers. Nano Lett 2020; 20:3506-3512. [PMID: 32251601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning software applications are ubiquitous in many fields of science and society for their outstanding capability to solve computationally vast problems like the recognition of patterns and regularities in big data sets. In spite of these impressive achievements, such processors are still based on the so-called von Neumann architecture, which is a bottleneck for faster and power-efficient neuromorphic computation. Therefore, one of the main goals of research is to conceive physical realizations of artificial neural networks capable of performing fully parallel and ultrafast operations. Here we show that lattices of exciton-polariton condensates accomplish neuromorphic computing with outstanding accuracy thanks to their high optical nonlinearity. We demonstrate that our neural network significantly increases the recognition efficiency compared with the linear classification algorithms on one of the most widely used benchmarks, the MNIST problem, showing a concrete advantage from the integration of optical systems in neural network architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Ballarini
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Gianfrate
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Riccardo Panico
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Andrzej Opala
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, PL-02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sanjib Ghosh
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Lorenzo Dominici
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ardizzone
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Milena De Giorgi
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lerario
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Timothy C H Liew
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Michal Matuszewski
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, PL-02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Koniakhin SV, Bleu O, Stupin DD, Pigeon S, Maitre A, Claude F, Lerario G, Glorieux Q, Bramati A, Solnyshkov D, Malpuech G. Stationary Quantum Vortex Street in a Driven-Dissipative Quantum Fluid of Light. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:215301. [PMID: 31809176 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.215301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the formation of a new class of density-phase defects in a resonantly driven 2D quantum fluid of light. The system bistability allows the formation of low-density regions containing density-phase singularities confined between high-density regions. We show that, in 1D channels, an odd (1 or 3) or even (2 or 4) number of dark solitons form parallel to the channel axis in order to accommodate the phase constraint induced by the pumps in the barriers. These soliton molecules are typically unstable and evolve toward stationary symmetric or antisymmetric arrays of vortex streets straightforwardly observable in cw experiments. The flexibility of this photonic platform allows implementing more complicated potentials such as mazelike channels, with the vortex streets connecting the entrances and thus solving the maze.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S V Koniakhin
- Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- St. Petersburg Academic University-Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O Bleu
- Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies and School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - D D Stupin
- St. Petersburg Academic University-Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S Pigeon
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, College de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - A Maitre
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, College de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - F Claude
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, College de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - G Lerario
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, College de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
- CNR NANOTEC, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Q Glorieux
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, College de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - A Bramati
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, College de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
| | - D Solnyshkov
- Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - G Malpuech
- Institut Pascal, PHOTON-N2, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dominici L, Carretero-González R, Gianfrate A, Cuevas-Maraver J, Rodrigues AS, Frantzeskakis DJ, Lerario G, Ballarini D, De Giorgi M, Gigli G, Kevrekidis PG, Sanvitto D. Interactions and scattering of quantum vortices in a polariton fluid. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1467. [PMID: 29654228 PMCID: PMC5899148 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum vortices, the quantized version of classical vortices, play a prominent role in superfluid and superconductor phase transitions. However, their exploration at a particle level in open quantum systems has gained considerable attention only recently. Here we study vortex pair interactions in a resonant polariton fluid created in a solid-state microcavity. By tracking the vortices on picosecond time scales, we reveal the role of nonlinearity, as well as of density and phase gradients, in driving their rotational dynamics. Such effects are also responsible for the split of composite spin–vortex molecules into elementary half-vortices, when seeding opposite vorticity between the two spinorial components. Remarkably, we also observe that vortices placed in close proximity experience a pull–push scenario leading to unusual scattering-like events that can be described by a tunable effective potential. Understanding vortex interactions can be useful in quantum hydrodynamics and in the development of vortex-based lattices, gyroscopes, and logic devices. Superfluid flow around a vortex is quantized so that vortices become discrete, particle-like defects, with interactions mediated by the surrounding fluid. Here, the authors use a polariton system to experimentally investigate the behavior and scattering of vortices in a two-component superfluid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Dominici
- CNR NANOTEC, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Ricardo Carretero-González
- Nonlinear Dynamical Systems Group, Computational Sciences Research Center, and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-7720, USA
| | - Antonio Gianfrate
- CNR NANOTEC, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Jesús Cuevas-Maraver
- Grupo de Física No Lineal, Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Virgen de África, 7, 41011, Sevilla, Spain.,Instituto de Matemáticas de la Universidad de Sevilla (IMUS), Edificio Celestino Mutis. Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Augusto S Rodrigues
- Departamento de Física e Astronomia/CFP, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dimitri J Frantzeskakis
- Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos, Athens, 15784, Greece
| | - Giovanni Lerario
- CNR NANOTEC, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Dario Ballarini
- CNR NANOTEC, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Milena De Giorgi
- CNR NANOTEC, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Panayotis G Kevrekidis
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003-4515, USA
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR NANOTEC, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.,INFN Sezione di Lecce, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lerario G, Ballarini D, Fieramosca A, Cannavale A, Genco A, Mangione F, Gambino S, Dominici L, De Giorgi M, Gigli G, Sanvitto D. High-speed flow of interacting organic polaritons. Light Sci Appl 2017; 6:e16212. [PMID: 30167229 PMCID: PMC6062184 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2016.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The strong coupling of an excitonic transition with an electromagnetic mode results in composite quasi-particles called exciton polaritons, which have been shown to combine the best properties of their individual components in semiconductor microcavities. However, the physics and applications of polariton flows in organic materials and at room temperature are still unexplored because of the poor photon confinement in such structures. Here, we demonstrate that polaritons formed by the hybridization of organic excitons with a Bloch surface wave are able to propagate for hundreds of microns showing remarkable third-order nonlinear interactions upon high injection density. These findings pave the way for the study of organic nonlinear light-matter fluxes and for a technologically promising route of the realization of dissipation-less on-chip polariton devices operating at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Lerario
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Dario Ballarini
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Fieramosca
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cannavale
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Dipartimento di matematica e fisica ‘Ennio De Giorgi’, Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Armando Genco
- Dipartimento di matematica e fisica ‘Ennio De Giorgi’, Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Federica Mangione
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Salvatore Gambino
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Dipartimento di matematica e fisica ‘Ennio De Giorgi’, Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dominici
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Milena De Giorgi
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Dipartimento di matematica e fisica ‘Ennio De Giorgi’, Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR NANOTEC –Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Accorsi G, Verri G, Acocella A, Zerbetto F, Lerario G, Gigli G, Saunders D, Billinge R. Imaging, photophysical properties and DFT calculations of manganese blue (barium manganate(VI) sulphate)--a modern pigment. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:15297-300. [PMID: 25051118 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01986e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Manganese blue is a synthetic barium manganate(VI) sulphate compound that was produced from 1935 to the 1990s and was used both as a blue pigment in works of art and by conservators in the restoration of paintings. The photophysical properties of the compound are described as well as the setup needed to record the spatial distribution of the pigment in works of art.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Accorsi
- Istituto Nanoscienze - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, NNL c/o distretto tecnologico, Lecce, via Arnesano 16, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lerario G, Cannavale A, Ballarini D, Dominici L, De Giorgi M, Liscidini M, Gerace D, Sanvitto D, Gigli G. Room temperature Bloch surface wave polaritons. Opt Lett 2014; 39:2068-2071. [PMID: 24686676 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.002068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polaritons are hybrid light-matter quasi-particles that have gathered a significant attention for their capability of showing room temperature and out-of-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation. More recently, a novel class of ultrafast optical devices have been realized by using flows of polariton fluids, such as switches, interferometers, and logical gates. However, polariton lifetimes and propagation distances are strongly limited by photon losses and accessible in-plane momenta in normal microcavity samples. In this work, we show experimental evidence of the formation of room temperature propagating polariton states arising from the strong coupling between organic excitons and a Bloch surface wave. This result, which was only recently predicted, paves the way for the realization of polariton devices that could allow lossless propagation up to macroscopic distances.
Collapse
|