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O'Malley DM, Bariani GM, Cassier PA, Marabelle A, Hansen AR, De Jesus Acosta A, Miller WH, Safra T, Italiano A, Mileshkin L, Amonkar M, Yao L, Jin F, Norwood K, Maio M. Health-related quality of life with pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with previously treated advanced microsatellite instability high/mismatch repair deficient endometrial cancer in the KEYNOTE-158 study. Gynecol Oncol 2022; 166:245-253. [PMID: 35835611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pembrolizumab demonstrated a clinically meaningful objective response rate in patients with previously treated, advanced MSI-H/dMMR endometrial cancer in the multicohort phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02628067). We present health-related quality of life (HRQoL) results for these patients. METHODS This analysis included patients from cohorts D (endometrial cancer with any MSI status) and K (any MSI-H/dMMR solid tumor except colorectal) who had previously treated, advanced MSI-H/dMMR endometrial cancer. Patients received pembrolizumab 200 mg Q3W for 35 cycles. EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-3L questionnaires were administered at baseline, at regular intervals during treatment, and 30 days after treatment discontinuation. Pre-specified exploratory analyses included changes from baseline to week 9 in QLQ-C30 global health status (GHS)/QoL and EQ-5D-3L visual analog scale (VAS) score for all patients and by best overall response. RESULTS 84 of 90 enrolled patients completed ≥1 HRQoL questionnaire and were included in the analysis. QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-3L compliance rates were 90% and 94%, respectively, at baseline, and 92% and 93% at week 9. Mean (95% CI) QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL scores improved from baseline to week 9 by 6.08 (0.71-11.46) points in the overall population, with greater improvement in patients who achieved complete or partial response (11.67 [5.33-18.00]-point increase). Mean (95% CI) EQ-5D-3L VAS scores improved by 6.00 (2.25-9.75) points in the overall population and 9.11 (5.24-12.98) points in patients with CR/PR. CONCLUSIONS Pembrolizumab maintained or improved HRQoL in patients with previously treated, advanced MSI-H/dMMR endometrial cancer, further supporting efficacy and safety results from KEYNOTE-158 and pembrolizumab use in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M O'Malley
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA. David.O'
| | - G M Bariani
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - A Marabelle
- Gustave Roussy, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1015 & CIC1428, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France.
| | - A R Hansen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - A De Jesus Acosta
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - W H Miller
- Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Rossy Cancer Network, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - T Safra
- Tel Aviv Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - A Italiano
- Early Phase Trials Unit, Institut Bergonié and Faculty of Medicine, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - L Mileshkin
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and the Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | | | - L Yao
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.
| | - F Jin
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.
| | | | - M Maio
- University of Siena and Center for Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Siena, Italy.
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Marabelle A, Cassier PA, Fakih M, Kao SCH, Nielsen D, Italiano A, Guren T, Dongen MV, Spencer KR, Bariani GM, Ascierto PA, Santoro A, Hiret S, Ott PA, Piha-Paul SA, Liu CC, Leiby MA, Norwood K, Delord JP. Pembrolizumab for previously treated advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma: Pooled results from the KEYNOTE-028 and KEYNOTE-158 studies. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.4020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4020 Background: Patients (pts) with anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) have poor outcomes and few treatment options. We report a pooled analysis of pembrolizumab (pembro) antitumor activity and safety in the ASCC cohorts of the multicohort studies KEYNOTE-028 (NCT02054806; phase 1b) and KEYNOTE-158 (NCT02628067; phase 2), providing a robust sample size and longer follow-up. Methods: Eligible pts were aged ≥18 y with histologically/cytologically confirmed metastatic/unresectable ASCC, had prior failure of/intolerance to standard therapy or no standard therapy options, measurable disease (RECIST v1.1), ECOG PS 0/1, and a tissue sample evaluable for PD-L1/biomarkers (KEYNOTE-028 required PD-L1 positivity). Baseline PD-L1 expression was assessed using a prototype IHC assay (QualTek) in KEYNOTE-028 and the PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay (Agilent Technologies) in KEYNOTE-158. Pts received pembro 10 mg/kg Q2W (KEYNOTE-028) or 200 mg Q3W (KEYNOTE-158) for 2 y or until PD/unacceptable AEs. The primary endpoint in both studies was ORR (per RECIST v1.1). Secondary endpoints were duration of response (DOR), PFS, OS, and safety. Results: 137 pts with ASCC were treated in KEYNOTE-028 (n = 25) or KEYNOTE-158 (n = 112) and were included in this analysis (median age, 61 y; 83.2% women; 73.0% had PD-L1–positive tumors). Median follow-up was 11.7 mo; 124 pts (90.5%) had discontinued treatment. ORR (95% CI) was 10.9% (6.3%–17.4%). 8 pts had CR and 7 had PR. ORR (95% CI) by PD-L1 status was 14.0% (7.9%–22.4%) in the PD-L1 positive group and 3.3% (0.1%–17.2%) in the PD-L1 negative group. Among all treated pts, median DOR was not reached (range, 6.0+ to 57.5+ mo). By Kaplan-Meier estimation, 84.6% of responders had a DOR ≥24 mo. Median PFS was 2.1 mo (95% CI, 2.0–2.1) and median OS was 11.7 mo (95% CI, 8.8–14.5). The 12-mo PFS and OS rates were 14.5% and 47.4%. 85 pts (62.0%) had +1 treatment-related AE, 24 pts (17.5%) with grade 3–4 events (no grade 5 events). 32 pts (23.4%) had immune-mediated AEs; 2 pts (1.5%) had infusion related reactions. Conclusions: In pts with previously treated advanced ASCC, pembro showed durable antitumor activity, particularly in pts with PD-L1–positive tumors, and manageable toxicity. Clinical trial information: NCT02054806 (KEYNOTE-028), NCT02628067 (KEYNOTE-158) .
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marwan Fakih
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | | | - Dorte Nielsen
- Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Giovanni M. Bariani
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sandrine Hiret
- Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, Saint-Herblain, France
| | | | - Sarina Anne Piha-Paul
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Moniz CMV, Riechelmann RP, Braghiroli MI, Ribeiro SC, Rivelli TG, Bariani GM, Chen ATC, Nahas C, Bonadio RC, Ortega C, Franco R, Meireles S, Pereira AAL, Sabbaga J, Coudry RA, Hoff PM. Prospective study of biomarkers in squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC) and their influence on treatment outcomes: Five-year long-term results. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.4053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4053 Background: Chemoradiation (CRT) is a curative treatment for SCCAC. However, some patients (pts) present primary CRT resistance. As a rare tumor, there is a lack of prospective studies of prognostic factors in this setting. Methods: This prospective cohort study was aimed to evaluate predictive biomarkers (Ki-67, PD-L1, Human papillomavirus (HPV), HIV status, and tumor DNA mutations) in SCCAC. We published the 6 months (m) response rate (RR) of this cohort showing that HIV- were 5.7 times more likely to achieve response 6m post CRT (OR 5.72, CI 95% 2.5-13.0, P < 0.001). Now we report the long-term follow-up results of 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Eligible pts had T2-4/N0-3/M0 disease and were candidates to standard CRT. DNA mutations were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). HPV positivity was tested by PapilloCheck Test. KI-67 and PD-L1 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: 78 pts were recruited from Jan/2011 to Dec/2015. 75 were evaluable for PFS and OS. The median age was 57 years; 49 (65%) were stage III, and 9 (12%) were HIV+. HPV was evaluated in 67 and found in 47 (70.1%); HPV16 was the most common. PD-L1 was tested in 61; 10 (16.4%) had positive expression > 1%. Ki-67 was performed in 65, with a median of 50% (range 1-90%). The median follow up is 66m. 5-year PFS and OS rates were 63.3% (95% CI 51.2-73.2%) and 76.4% (95% CI 64.8-84.6%), respectively. In a multivariate analysis, age (HR 1.06, P = 0.022, IC 95% 1.01-1.11) and absence of complete response at 6m (HR 3.36, P = 0.007, IC 95% 1.39-8.09) was associated with inferior OS. The OS rate was 62.5% in HIV+ group (95% CI 22.9-86%) in comparison with 78% (95% CI 65.7-86.3%) among HIV- pts, although this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.400). A tendency to inferior OS was observed among pts with p53 codon 72 polymorphism (HR 2.83, P = 0.181, 95% CI 0.61-13.02). Other tumor mutations, HPV, Ki-67 expression, and PD-L1 expression, were not associated with PFS and OS. Conclusions: HIV- pts were 5.7 times more likely to achieve response 6m post CRT. The absence of complete response at 6m was the main factor associated with poor 5-year OS. New strategies of follow up and complementary treatment should be studied in late responders and HIV+ pts to ensure the success of curative treatment. Clinical trial information: 36211 .
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giovanni M. Bariani
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Caio Nahas
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cinthia Ortega
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rejane Franco
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jorge Sabbaga
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Marcelo Hoff
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Marabelle A, Cassier PA, Fakih M, Guren TK, Italiano A, Kao SCH, Nielsen D, Ascierto PA, Bariani GM, Santoro A, Shah MH, Asselah J, El-Khoueiry AB, Spencer KR, Takahashi S, Chatterjee A, Jin F, Norwood K, Delord JP. Pembrolizumab for advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC): Results from the multicohort, phase II KEYNOTE-158 study. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1 Background: For patients (pts) with ASCC, second-line or later treatment options have been limited. Pembrolizumab (pembro), an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, has demonstrated antitumor activity in several tumor types (including ASCC) in the multicohort phase 1b KEYNOTE-028 study. KEYNOTE-158 (NCT02628067) is an open-label, phase 2, multicohort study that evaluates antitumor activity and safety of pembro in pts with previously treated advanced cancer. Results from the ASCC cohort are presented. Methods: Eligible pts were ≥18 y with histologically/cytologically documented metastatic and/or unresectable ASCC with prior treatment failure on or intolerance to standard first-line therapy, measurable disease per RECIST v1.1, ECOG PS of ≤1, and evaluable tissue sample for PD-L1 and biomarker analysis. PD-L1 expression was assessed by the PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay (Agilent Technologies). Pts received pembro 200 mg Q3W until disease progression, unacceptable AE, or completion of 35 cycles. The primary endpoint was ORR per RECIST v1.1 (assessed every 9 wk for 12 mo, then every 12 wk thereafter) by independent central review. Secondary endpoints were DOR, OS, PFS and safety. Results: 112 pts with ASCC were enrolled (81.3% women; median age, 61 y [range 32–79]; ≥2 prior therapies, 73.2%). At database cutoff (Dec 6, 2018) 10 pts (8.9%) had completed 35 cycles and 102 discontinued; median follow-up was 12.0 mo (range, 0.8–33.0) Five pts had CR and 8 had PR; ORR was 11.6% (95% CI, 6.3–19.0). Median DOR was not reached (range, 6.0+ to 29.1+ mo). Responses occurred in 11/75 pts (14.7%) with PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥1 and 2/30 pts (6.7%) with PD-L1 CPS < 1. Among all pts, median OS was 12.0 mo (95% CI, 9.1–15.4), and median PFS was 2.0 mo (95% CI, 2.0–2.1). 68 (60.7%) pts had treatment-related AEs, including 21 (18.8%) who had grade 3–5 events; there were no treatment-related deaths. 4 pts (3.6%) discontinued due to treatment-related AEs. 27 pts (24.1%) had immune-mediated AEs/infusion reactions. Conclusions: Pembro demonstrated antitumor activity and manageable toxicity in pts with heavily pretreated advanced ASCC, regardless of PD-L1 status. Clinical trial information: NCT02628067.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marwan Fakih
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | | | | | | | - Dorte Nielsen
- Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Giovanni M. Bariani
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Manisha H. Shah
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | | | | | | | - Shunji Takahashi
- Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Fan Jin
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
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Abstract
20 Background: In recent years the impact of technology has marked a major transformation in the way society produces and generates services. Several initiatives have been developed in the health area to face this new reality. A major oncology center in Brazil carried out a project based on Design Thinking with the objective of understanding the current scenario and promoting innovative solutions for the care of cancer patients. Methods: Design Thinking is the set of ideas and insights to address problems related to information acquisition, knowledge analysis and proposal of solutions. This process took place in four stages designated as empathise (approach to the context of the problem and data collection), define (synthesis of collected information, and organization of insights in order to standardize and better understand the problem), ideate (stimulation of creativity and generation of solutions) and prototype (validation of the ideas). Results: A total of 130 interviews were carried out with hospital personnel and 46 with patients and caregivers, as well as workshops to develop the project activities. Twenty-six projects were generated, and the priorities differed according to personnel and patients. Among the projects are financial consultancy; predictability of the total cost of treatment; diversification of payment methods; customization of the food menu offered to patients; promotion of entertainment activities during waiting periods in the practice; increase interactivity of chemotherapy rooms; improvement of services offered to international patients; and development of digital tools that provide reliable information about cancer, promotes patient autonomy and strengthens patient’s relationship with the hospital personnel. Conclusions: There is a growing need to modernize oncology practices creating new products and services. The opinion of hospital personnel and patients diverged about priorities. The former have chosen projects to improve facilities and design new roles for the team while the latter have given their best evaluations to new systems and services. For patients using digital media is not only welcome but also necessary attributes to provide more information and increase their autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Artur Katz
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bariani GM, Macedo C, Da Silva M, Yamashita K, Ruiz A, Pedroso A, Ledo CB, Oliveira FDSSD, Vieira SDL, Luciani C, Katz A. Medical record documentation of cancer patients after an integrated engagement plan. J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
68 Background: Complete and accurate medical record (MR) documentation is essential to quality of cancer patient care, whose complex health and social needs should be addressed during medical consultation. We aimed to evaluate the MR compliance before and after an engagement plan (EP) and an education meeting (EM) for oncologists. Methods: An integrated EP was designed to improve medical notes in a Brazilian cancer center. Firstly, a pool of 160 selected MR of patients with prevalent neoplasms was reviewed to identify frequently missed components. Based on this result, a set of MR documentation standards was developed and presented in an EM for oncologists. To verify its effect, a cross-sectional analysis was performed using 25 standard elements collected from randomized MR before and after the EM such as pathology report, cancer stage, medical history, treatment plan, patient comprehension, and initial psychological assessment. It was given particular emphasis to psychological assessment during the EM as a low documentation of it was identified after the first MR review. The variation of the proportions pre- and post-EM was assessed using the chi-square test. Results: A total of 850 elements were collected from 34 patients’ MR two months pre-EM and 950 elements of 38 patients’ MR two weeks after. Of these patients, pre-EM 18 were under intravenous (IV) therapy and 16 under oral antineoplastic therapy and, post-EM, 14 and 24 patients were under IV and oral therapy, respectively. Pre-EM, MR compliance of patients under oral therapy was 68% and for patients under IV therapy 78% (P = 0.0013). Post-EM, the difference between MR compliance of patients under oral and IV therapy was 6% (82% vs. 88%, P = 0.0167). Overall MR compliance pre-EM was 73% and post-EM 84% (P < 0.0001). Psychological assessment pre- and post-EM were 9% and 50% (P = 0.0002), respectively. Conclusions: Patients under IV therapy have a more accurate MR documentation than patients under oral therapy. Overall compliance of MR documentation was significantly improved after an EM, a part of an integrated EP. Psychological assessment documentation has not only improved, but it is expected that more attention has been given to this valuation by oncologists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Artur Katz
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
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Riechelmann RP, Leite LS, Bariani GM, Glasberg J, Rivelli TG, da Fonseca LG, Nebuloni DR, Braghiroli MI, Queiroz MA, Isejima AM, Kappeler C, Kikuchi L, Hoff PM. Regorafenib in Patients with Antiangiogenic-Naïve and Chemotherapy-Refractory Advanced Colorectal Cancer: Results from a Phase IIb Trial. Oncologist 2019; 24:1180-1187. [PMID: 31175167 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic effects that improves overall survival (OS) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) after failure of standard therapies. We investigated the efficacy and safety of regorafenib in antiangiogenic therapy-naïve chemotherapy-refractory advanced colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS This single-center, single-arm, phase IIb study (NCT02465502) enrolled adults with mCRC whose disease had progressed on, or who were intolerant to, standard therapy, but who were antiangiogenic therapy-naïve. Patients received regorafenib 160 mg once daily for 3 weeks per 4-week cycle. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) rate at week 8. RESULTS Of 59 treated patients, almost half had received at least four prior lines of therapy. Patients received a median of 86% of the planned dose. The week 8 PFS rate was 53% (95% confidence interval [CI], 39.1-64.3); median PFS was 3.5 months (95% CI, 1.8-3.6). Median OS was 7.4 months (95% CI, 5.3-8.9). Tumor response (RECIST version 1.1) was 2%, and metabolic response rate (criteria from the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer) was 41%. The most frequently reported regorafenib-related grade ≥3 adverse events were hypertension (36%), hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR, 25%), and hypophosphatemia (24%). There were no regorafenib-related deaths. An exploratory analysis showed that patients with grade ≥2 HFSR had longer OS (10.2 months) with regorafenib treatment versus those with grades 0-1 (5.4 months). CONCLUSION These findings support the antitumor activity of regorafenib in antiangiogenic-naïve patients with chemotherapy-refractory mCRC. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The multikinase inhibitor regorafenib improved overall survival in the phase III CORRECT and CONCUR trials in heavily pretreated patients with treatment-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Exploratory subgroup analysis from CONCUR suggested that regorafenib treatment prior to targeted therapy (including bevacizumab) may improve outcomes. In this single-center, single-arm phase IIb study, regorafenib demonstrated antitumor activity in 59 antiangiogenic-naïve patients with chemotherapy-refractory mCRC. Further studies should assess the efficacy of regorafenib in this patient population, as well as explore the reasons behind improved outcomes among patients who had a metabolic response and those who developed hand-foot skin reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel P Riechelmann
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Oncology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz S Leite
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanni M Bariani
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joao Glasberg
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thomas G Rivelli
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela R Nebuloni
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria I Braghiroli
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Queiroz
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alice M Isejima
- Medical Affairs Study Support, SBU Oncology, Bayer S.A., São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christian Kappeler
- Clinical Statistics, Global Clinical Oncology, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luciana Kikuchi
- Medical and Data Management, SBU Oncology, Bayer S.A., São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo M Hoff
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bariani GM, Riechelmann RP. Reply to R. Brierley et al. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:4376. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.52.9685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-inferiority clinical trials (NIFCTs) aim to demonstrate that the experimental therapy has advantages over the standard of care, with acceptable loss of efficacy. We evaluated the purposes underlying the selection of a non-inferiority design in oncology and the size of their non-inferiority margins (NIFm's). PATIENTS AND METHODS All NIFCTs of cancer-directed therapies and supportive care agents published in a 10-year period were eligible. Two investigators extracted the data and independently classified the trials by their purpose to choose a non-inferiority design. RESULTS Seventy-five were included: 43% received funds from industry, overall survival was the most common primary end point and 73% reported positive results. The most frequent purposes underlying the selection of a non-inferiority design were to test more conveniently administered schedules and/or less toxic treatments. In 13 (17%) trials, a clear purpose was not identified. Among the trials that reported a pre-specified NIFm, the median value was 12.5% (range 4%-25%) for trials with binary primary end points and Hazard Ratio of 1.25 (range 1.10-1.50) for trials that used time-to-event primary outcomes. CONCLUSION Cancer NIFCT harbor serious methodological and ethical issues. Many use large NIFm and nearly one-fifth did not state a clear purpose for selecting a non-inferiority design.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Riechelmann
- Discipline of Radiology and Oncology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Instituto do Câncer de Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A Alex
- Discipline of Radiology and Oncology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Instituto do Câncer de Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Cruz
- Discipline of Radiology and Oncology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Instituto do Câncer de Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - G M Bariani
- Discipline of Radiology and Oncology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Instituto do Câncer de Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - P M Hoff
- Discipline of Radiology and Oncology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Instituto do Câncer de Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Bariani GM, de Celis Ferrari ACR, Hoff PM, Krzyzanowska MK, Riechelmann RP. Self-reported conflicts of interest of authors, trial sponsorship, and the interpretation of editorials and related phase III trials in oncology. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:2289-95. [PMID: 23630201 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.46.6706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Growing participation by industry in cancer research has resulted in increased reporting of conflicts of interest (COI). We aimed to test any association between authors' conclusions and self-reported COI or trial sponsorship in cancer studies. METHODS Editorials and related phase III trials published in six clinical oncology journals in the last 3.5 years were analyzed independently by two investigators who classified study conclusions according to authors' endorsement of the experimental therapy. Logistic regression multivariable models were used to assess predictors of favorable conclusions of editorialists and of phase III authors. RESULTS From January 2008 to October 2011, 1,485 articles were retrieved: 150 phase III trials and 150 editorials were eligible. Among the phase III trials, 82 (54.7%) had positive results, and 78 (52.0%) were entirely or partially funded by industry. Any COI were disclosed in 103 phase III trials (68.7%) and in 71 editorials (47.3%). Multivariable analysis showed that phase III trial results were the only significant predictor for a positive conclusion by trial authors (odds ratio [OR], 92.2; 95% CI, 19.7 to 431.6; P < .001). Sponsorship did not predict for positive conclusion by phase III authors (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.3 to 2.5; P = .788). The only factor associated with positive conclusions by editorial authors was a positive conclusion by phase III trial authors (OR, 36.3; 95% CI, 6.8 to 194.2; P < .001). CONCLUSION The interpretation of recently published phase III cancer trials by their authors or by editorialists was not influenced by financial relationships or industry sponsorship. Increased awareness of COI policies may have led to more integrity in cancer research reporting.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are rare and are classified into 3 types: type 1 and 2 (characterized by hypergastrinemia), and type 3 (characterized by normal gastrin). Surgery is the standard procedure, and systemic treatment is reserved for unresectable disease. Currently, targeted therapies are being evaluated in NET. The activity of everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, has been shown in pancreatic NET but not reported in type 3 gastric carcinoid tumors. CASE REPORT Here we report a case of a patient who, after multiple lines of systemic therapy, had a prolonged disease control of nearly 1 year, significant clinical benefit, and minor tumor shrinkage with oral everolimus 10 mg continuously. CONCLUSION There is no effective treatment for type 3 gastric carcinoid tumors. The frequency of mTOR expression in these tumors is not known, but the case reported here suggests that inhibition of this pathway may play an important role.
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Bariani GM, Braghiroli MI, Riechelmann RP. Poor Evidence to Standardize Adjuvant Treatment for Patients With Biliary Tract Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:4173; author reply 4174. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.44.1634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni M. Bariani
- Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Ignez Braghiroli
- Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rachel P. Riechelmann
- Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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