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Frenster JD, Kader M, Kamen S, Sun J, Chiriboga L, Serrano J, Bready D, Golub D, Ravn-Boess N, Stephan G, Chi AS, Kurz SC, Jain R, Park CY, Fenyo D, Liebscher I, Schöneberg T, Wiggin G, Newman R, Barnes M, Dickson JK, MacNeil DJ, Huang X, Shohdy N, Snuderl M, Zagzag D, Placantonakis DG. Expression profiling of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor GPR133 (ADGRD1) in glioma subtypes. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa053. [PMID: 32642706 PMCID: PMC7262742 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is a family of primary brain malignancies with limited treatment options and in need of novel therapies. We previously demonstrated that the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor GPR133 (ADGRD1) is necessary for tumor growth in adult glioblastoma, the most advanced malignancy within the glioma family. However, the expression pattern of GPR133 in other types of adult glioma is unknown. Methods We used immunohistochemistry in tumor specimens and non-neoplastic cadaveric brain tissue to profile GPR133 expression in adult gliomas. Results We show that GPR133 expression increases as a function of WHO grade and peaks in glioblastoma, where all tumors ubiquitously express it. Importantly, GPR133 is expressed within the tumor bulk, as well as in the brain-infiltrating tumor margin. Furthermore, GPR133 is expressed in both isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type and mutant gliomas, albeit at higher levels in IDH wild-type tumors. Conclusion The fact that GPR133 is absent from non-neoplastic brain tissue but de novo expressed in glioma suggests that it may be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Frenster
- Departments of Neurosurgery, New York, New York, USA.,NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Kader
- Departments of Neurosurgery, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - James Sun
- Departments of Neurosurgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Luis Chiriboga
- Pathology, New York, New York, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Devin Bready
- Departments of Neurosurgery, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - Andrew S Chi
- Neurology, New York, New York, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sylvia C Kurz
- Neurology, New York, New York, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rajan Jain
- Radiology, New York, New York, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - David Fenyo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York, New York, USA.,Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ines Liebscher
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Douglas J MacNeil
- Office for Therapeutic Alliances, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xinyan Huang
- Office for Therapeutic Alliances, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nadim Shohdy
- Office for Therapeutic Alliances, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Pathology, New York, New York, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Zagzag
- Departments of Neurosurgery, New York, New York, USA.,Pathology, New York, New York, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dimitris G Placantonakis
- Departments of Neurosurgery, New York, New York, USA.,NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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2
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Brown DG, Brown GA, Centrella P, Certel K, Cooke RM, Cuozzo JW, Dekker N, Dumelin CE, Ferguson A, Fiez-Vandal C, Geschwindner S, Guié MA, Habeshian S, Keefe AD, Schlenker O, Sigel EA, Snijder A, Soutter HT, Sundström L, Troast DM, Wiggin G, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Clark MA. Agonists and Antagonists of Protease-Activated Receptor 2 Discovered within a DNA-Encoded Chemical Library Using Mutational Stabilization of the Target. SLAS DISCOVERY: Advancing the Science of Drug Discovery 2018; 23:429-436. [DOI: 10.1177/2472555217749847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of ligands via affinity-mediated selection of DNA-encoded chemical libraries is driven by the quality and concentration of the protein target. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and other membrane-bound targets can be difficult to isolate in their functional state and at high concentrations, and therefore have been challenging for affinity-mediated selection. Here, we report a successful selection campaign against protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). Using a thermo-stabilized mutant of PAR2, we conducted affinity selection using our >100-billion-compound DNA-encoded library. We observed a number of putative ligands enriched upon selection, and subsequent cellular profiling revealed these ligands to comprise both agonists and antagonists. The agonist series shared structural similarity with known agonists. The antagonists were shown to bind in a novel allosteric binding site on the PAR2 protein. This report serves to demonstrate that cell-free affinity selection against GPCRs can be achieved with mutant stabilized protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean G. Brown
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Giles A. Brown
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - Kaan Certel
- X-Chem Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA, USA
- Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert M. Cooke
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - Niek Dekker
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Christoph E. Dumelin
- X-Chem Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA, USA
- Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Ferguson
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Waltham, MA, USA
- X-Chem, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA
| | | | - Stefan Geschwindner
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Sevan Habeshian
- X-Chem Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA, USA
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Oliver Schlenker
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - Arjan Snijder
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Linda Sundström
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Dawn M. Troast
- X-Chem Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA, USA
- Morphic Therapeutic, Waltham, MA
| | - Giselle Wiggin
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Jing Zhang
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Waltham, MA, USA
- Entasis Therapeutics, Waltham, MA
| | - Ying Zhang
- X-Chem Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA, USA
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3
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Cheng RKY, Fiez-Vandal C, Schlenker O, Edman K, Aggeler B, Brown DG, Brown GA, Cooke RM, Dumelin CE, Doré AS, Geschwindner S, Grebner C, Hermansson NO, Jazayeri A, Johansson P, Leong L, Prihandoko R, Rappas M, Soutter H, Snijder A, Sundström L, Tehan B, Thornton P, Troast D, Wiggin G, Zhukov A, Marshall FH, Dekker N. Structural insight into allosteric modulation of protease-activated receptor 2. Nature 2017. [PMID: 28445455 DOI: 10.1038/nature2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are a family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are irreversibly activated by proteolytic cleavage of the N terminus, which unmasks a tethered peptide ligand that binds and activates the transmembrane receptor domain, eliciting a cellular cascade in response to inflammatory signals and other stimuli. PARs are implicated in a wide range of diseases, such as cancer and inflammation. PARs have been the subject of major pharmaceutical research efforts but the discovery of small-molecule antagonists that effectively bind them has proved challenging. The only marketed drug targeting a PAR is vorapaxar, a selective antagonist of PAR1 used to prevent thrombosis. The structure of PAR1 in complex with vorapaxar has been reported previously. Despite sequence homology across the PAR isoforms, discovery of PAR2 antagonists has been less successful, although GB88 has been described as a weak antagonist. Here we report crystal structures of PAR2 in complex with two distinct antagonists and a blocking antibody. The antagonist AZ8838 binds in a fully occluded pocket near the extracellular surface. Functional and binding studies reveal that AZ8838 exhibits slow binding kinetics, which is an attractive feature for a PAR2 antagonist competing against a tethered ligand. Antagonist AZ3451 binds to a remote allosteric site outside the helical bundle. We propose that antagonist binding prevents structural rearrangements required for receptor activation and signalling. We also show that a blocking antibody antigen-binding fragment binds to the extracellular surface of PAR2, preventing access of the tethered ligand to the peptide-binding site. These structures provide a basis for the development of selective PAR2 antagonists for a range of therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert K Y Cheng
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Cédric Fiez-Vandal
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Oliver Schlenker
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Karl Edman
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Birte Aggeler
- Bio-techne, 614 McKinley Place NE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55413, USA
| | - Dean G Brown
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, 35 Gatehouse Dr, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Giles A Brown
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Robert M Cooke
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | | | - Andrew S Doré
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Stefan Geschwindner
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Christoph Grebner
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Nils-Olov Hermansson
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Ali Jazayeri
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Patrik Johansson
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Louis Leong
- Bio-techne, 614 McKinley Place NE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55413, USA
| | - Rudi Prihandoko
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Mathieu Rappas
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Holly Soutter
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver St., Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - Arjan Snijder
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Linda Sundström
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Tehan
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Peter Thornton
- Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Dawn Troast
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver St., Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - Giselle Wiggin
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Andrei Zhukov
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Fiona H Marshall
- Heptares Therapeutics Ltd, BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Niek Dekker
- Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
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4
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Wiggin G, Patel JC, Kean J, Khan SA, Mould R, Brown J, Ng IW, Errey JC, Dore AS, Zhukov A, Tehan B, Christopher JA, Jazayeri A, Marshall FH. StaR engineering: GPCR stabilisation for structure‐based drug design. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.lb547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James Kean
- Heptares TherapeuticsWelwyn Garden CityUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Richard Mould
- Heptares TherapeuticsWelwyn Garden CityUnited Kingdom
| | - Jason Brown
- Heptares TherapeuticsWelwyn Garden CityUnited Kingdom
| | - Irene W Ng
- Heptares TherapeuticsWelwyn Garden CityUnited Kingdom
| | - James C Errey
- Heptares TherapeuticsWelwyn Garden CityUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew S Dore
- Heptares TherapeuticsWelwyn Garden CityUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrei Zhukov
- Heptares TherapeuticsWelwyn Garden CityUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ali Jazayeri
- Heptares TherapeuticsWelwyn Garden CityUnited Kingdom
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