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Knirck S, Hoshino G, Awida MH, Cancelo GI, Di Federico M, Knepper B, Lapuente A, Littmann M, Miller DW, Mitchell DV, Rodriguez D, Ruschman MK, Sawtell MA, Stefanazzi L, Sonnenschein A, Teafoe GW, Bowring D, Carosi G, Chou A, Chang CL, Dona K, Khatiwada R, Kurinsky NA, Liu J, Pena C, Salemi CP, Wang CW, Yu J. First Results from a Broadband Search for Dark Photon Dark Matter in the 44 to 52 μeV Range with a Coaxial Dish Antenna. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:131004. [PMID: 38613261 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
We present first results from a dark photon dark matter search in the mass range from 44 to 52 μeV (10.7-12.5 GHz) using a room-temperature dish antenna setup called GigaBREAD. Dark photon dark matter converts to ordinary photons on a cylindrical metallic emission surface with area 0.5 m^{2} and is focused by a novel parabolic reflector onto a horn antenna. Signals are read out with a low-noise receiver system. A first data taking run with 24 days of data does not show evidence for dark photon dark matter in this mass range, excluding dark photon photon mixing parameters χ≳10^{-12} in this range at 90% confidence level. This surpasses existing constraints by about 2 orders of magnitude and is the most stringent bound on dark photons in this range below 49 μeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Knirck
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Gabe Hoshino
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Mohamed H Awida
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | | | - Martin Di Federico
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Universidad Nacional del Sur, IIIE-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Provincia de Buenos Aires B8000, Argentina
| | - Benjamin Knepper
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Alex Lapuente
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Mira Littmann
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - David W Miller
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | | | - Derrick Rodriguez
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Mark K Ruschman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew Sonnenschein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Gary W Teafoe
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Daniel Bowring
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - Aaron Chou
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Clarence L Chang
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Kristin Dona
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Rakshya Khatiwada
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - Noah A Kurinsky
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94025, USA
| | - Jesse Liu
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Cristián Pena
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Chiara P Salemi
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94025, USA
| | - Christina W Wang
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Jialin Yu
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
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2
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Cremaschi A, Sala E, Lavezzi E, Carosi G, Del Sindaco G, Mangone A, Mungari R, Pagnano A, Indirli R, Ferrante E, Mazziotti G, Locatelli M, Lasio G, Arosio M, Lania AG, Mantovani G. Recurrence in acromegaly: two tertiary centers experience and review of the literature. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02321-6. [PMID: 38502285 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence of acromegaly after successful surgery is a rare event, but no clear data are reported in the literature about its recurrence rates. This study aimed to evaluate the recurrence rate in a series of acromegalic patients treated by transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) with a long follow-up. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 283 acromegalic patients who underwent TSS at two pituitary units in Milan (Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital). The diagnosis and recurrence of acromegaly were defined by both elevated IGF-1 levels and a lack of GH suppression based on appropriate criteria for the assay used at the time of diagnosis. RESULTS After surgery, 143 patients (50%) were defined as not cured, 132 (47%) as cured and 8 (3%) as partially cured because of normalization of only one parameter, either IGF1 or GH. In the cured group, at the last follow-up (median time 86.8 months after surgery), only 1 patient (0.7%) showed full recurrence (IGF-1 + 5.61 SDS, GH nadir 1.27 µg/l), while 4 patients (3%) showed only increased IGF1. In the partially cured group at the last follow-up, 2/8 (25%) patients showed active acromegaly (IGF-1 SDS + 2.75 and + 3.62; GH nadir 0.6 and 0.5 µg/l, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In the literature, recurrence rates range widely, from 0 to 18%. In our series, recurrence occurred in 3.7% of patients, and in fewer than 1%, recurrence occurred with elevation of both IGF-1 and the GH nadir. More frequently (25%), recurrence came in the form of incomplete normalization of either IGF-1 or GH after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cremaschi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - E Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - E Lavezzi
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - G Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - G Del Sindaco
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Mangone
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - R Mungari
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A Pagnano
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - R Indirli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - G Mazziotti
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - M Locatelli
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Lasio
- Neurosurgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A G Lania
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Nitta T, Braine T, Du N, Guzzetti M, Hanretty C, Leum G, Rosenberg LJ, Rybka G, Sinnis J, Clarke J, Siddiqi I, Awida MH, Chou AS, Hollister M, Knirck S, Sonnenschein A, Wester W, Gleason JR, Hipp AT, Sikivie P, Sullivan NS, Tanner DB, Khatiwada R, Carosi G, Robertson N, Duffy LD, Boutan C, Lentz E, Oblath NS, Taubman MS, Yang J, Daw EJ, Perry MG, Bartram C, Buckley JH, Gaikwad C, Hoffman J, Murch KW, Goryachev M, Hartman E, McAllister BT, Quiskamp A, Thomson C, Tobar ME, Dror JA, Murayama H, Rodd NL. Search for a Dark-Matter-Induced Cosmic Axion Background with ADMX. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:101002. [PMID: 37739367 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the first result of a direct search for a cosmic axion background (CaB)-a relativistic background of axions that is not dark matter-performed with the axion haloscope, the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX). Conventional haloscope analyses search for a signal with a narrow bandwidth, as predicted for dark matter, whereas the CaB will be broad. We introduce a novel analysis strategy, which searches for a CaB induced daily modulation in the power measured by the haloscope. Using this, we repurpose data collected to search for dark matter to set a limit on the axion photon coupling of a CaB originating from dark matter cascade decay via a mediator in the 800-995 MHz frequency range. We find that the present sensitivity is limited by fluctuations in the cavity readout as the instrument scans across dark matter masses. Nevertheless, we suggest that these challenges can be surmounted using superconducting qubits as single photon counters, and allow ADMX to operate as a telescope searching for axions emerging from the decay of dark matter. The daily modulation analysis technique we introduce can be deployed for various broadband rf signals, such as other forms of a CaB or even high-frequency gravitational waves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J A Dror
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA
| | - H Murayama
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan
| | - N L Rodd
- Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, 1 Esplanade des Particules, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
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Familiari P, Lapolla P, Picotti V, Palmieri M, Pesce A, Carosi G, Relucenti M, Nottola S, Gianno F, Minasi S, Antonelli M, Frati A, Santoro A, D'Andrea G, Bruzzaniti P, LA Pira B. Role of 1p/19q Codeletion in Diffuse Low-grade Glioma Tumour Prognosis. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:2659-2670. [PMID: 37247932 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM In the latest 2021 WHO classification of central nervous system tumours (CNS), gliomas that present isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations are defined as diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGGs). IDH mutations are commonly observed in this tumour type. The Extent of Resection (EOR) positively influence survival; however, it is still debated whether the predictive value of EOR is independent of the 1p/19q co-deletion. We carried out a retrospective analysis on patients operated on for DLGG at the Sant'Andrea University Hospital Sapienza University of Rome, correlating the outcome with the presence of 1p/19q co-deletion and EOR. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study examined 66 patients with DLGG who had undergone surgery for tumour resection between 2008 and 2018. Patients with DLGG were divided into two groups; diffuse astrocytoma (DA) in which 1p/19q codeletion is absent and oligodendroglioma (OG) in which 1p/19q codeletion is present. According to EOR, both groups were divided into two subgroups: subtotal resection (STR) and gross total resection (GTR). Three end-point variables were considered: overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and time to malignant transformation (TMT). RESULTS In the DA group, the GTR subgroup had an average OS of 81.6 months, an average PFS of 45.9 months and an average TMT of 63.6 months. After surgery, these patients had an average Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of 83.4. The STR subgroup had an average OS of 60.4 months, PFS was 38.7 months, and TMT was 46.4 months, post-operative KPS was 83.4. In contrast, in the OG group, the GTR averagely had 101.7 months of OS, 64.9 months of PFS, 80.3 months of TMT and an average post-operative KPS of 84.2, and the STR subgroup had an average of OS of 73.3 months, PFS of 48.2 months, TMT of 57.3 and an average postoperative KPS of 96.2. CONCLUSION In patients affected by DLGGs, 1p/19q codeletion is significantly associated with prolonged survival and longer time-to-malignant transformation (TMT) compared to the absence of 1p/19q codeletion. Also, the extent of surgical resection (EOR) in DLGG patients has been confirmed as one of the main prognostic factors. However, its predictive value is substantially influenced by the presence of the 1p/19q codeletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Familiari
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Lapolla
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.;
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Picotti
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Tor Vergata, University Tor Vergata of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Palmieri
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pesce
- Neurosurgery Division, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Patological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Carosi
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Relucenti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Nottola
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gianno
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Patological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Minasi
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Patological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Manila Antonelli
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Patological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Antonio Santoro
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Placido Bruzzaniti
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Fabrizio Spaziani Hospital, Frosinone, Italy
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Braine T, Rybka G, Baker AA, Brodsky J, Carosi G, Du N, Woollett N, Knirck S, Jones M. Multi-mode analysis of surface losses in a superconducting microwave resonator in high magnetic fields. Rev Sci Instrum 2023; 94:033102. [PMID: 37012755 DOI: 10.1063/5.0122296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on a surface impedance measurement of a bulk metal niobium-titanium superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavity in a magnetic field (up to 10 T). A novel method is employed to decompose the surface resistance contributions of the cylindrical cavity end caps and walls using measurements from multiple TM cavity modes. The results confirm that quality factor degradation of a NbTi SRF cavity in a high magnetic field is primarily from surfaces perpendicular to the field (the cavity end caps), while parallel surface resistances (the walls) remain relatively constant. This result is encouraging for applications needing high Q cavities in strong magnetic fields, such as the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment because it opens the possibility of hybrid SRF cavity construction to replace conventional copper cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Braine
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Rybka
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - A A Baker
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Brodsky
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Du
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Woollett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S Knirck
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Jones
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
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6
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Frigerio S, Carosi G, Ferrante E, Sala E, Polledri E, Fustinoni S, Ambrosi B, Chiodini I, Mantovani G, Morelli V, Arosio M. Effects of the therapy shift from cortisone acetate to modified-release hydrocortisone in a group of patients with adrenal insufficiency. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1093838. [PMID: 36761196 PMCID: PMC9902698 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1093838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) may be exposed to supraphysiological glucocorticoids levels during standard treatment with cortisone acetate (CA) or immediate-release hydrocortisone (IR-HC). Recent studies, predominantly including patients in IR-HC treatment, suggested that modified-release hydrocortisone (MRH) provide a more physiological cortisol rhythm, improving metabolic control and quality of life. Our primary aim was to assess clinical and biochemical modifications in patients shifted from CA to MRH. DESIGN/METHODS We designed a retrospective longitudinal study, enrolling 45 AI patients (22 primary and 23 secondary AI) treated exclusively with CA thrice daily, shifted to MRH once daily; 29/45 patients concluded at least 18-months follow-up (MRH-group). We recruited 35 AI patients continuing CA as a control group (CA-group). Biochemical and clinical data, including metabolic parameters, bone quality, and symptoms of under- or overtreatment were collected. In 24 patients, a daily salivary cortisol curve (SCC) performed before and one month after shifting to MRH was compared to healthy subjects (HS). RESULTS No significant changes in glycometabolic and bone parameters were observed both in MRH and CA-groups during a median follow-up of 35 months. A more frequent decrease in blood pressure values (23.1% vs 2.8%, p=0.04) and improvement of under- or overtreatment symptoms were observed in MRH vs CA-group. The SCC showed a significant steroid overexposure in both CA and MRH-groups compared to HS [AUC (area under the curve) = 74.4 ± 38.1 nmol×hr/L and 94.6 ± 62.5 nmol×hr/L respectively, vs 44.1 ± 8.4 nmol×hr/L, p<0.01 for both comparisons], although SCC profile was more similar to HS in MRH-group. CONCLUSIONS In our experience, patients shifted from CA to equivalent doses of MRH do not show significant glycometabolic modifications but blood pressure control and symptoms of over-or undertreatment may improve. The lack of amelioration in glucose metabolism and total cortisol daily exposure could suggest the need for a dose reduction when shifting from CA to MRH, due to their different pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Frigerio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Polledri
- Clinical Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Fustinoni
- Clinical Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Iacopo Chiodini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Ospedale Niguarda-Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Morelli
- Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Valentina Morelli,
| | - Maura Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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7
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Cervantes R, Carosi G, Hanretty C, Kimes S, LaRoque BH, Leum G, Mohapatra P, Oblath NS, Ottens R, Park Y, Rybka G, Sinnis J, Yang J. Search for 70 μeV Dark Photon Dark Matter with a Dielectrically Loaded Multiwavelength Microwave Cavity. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:201301. [PMID: 36462025 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.201301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microwave cavities have been deployed to search for bosonic dark matter candidates with masses of a few μeV. However, the sensitivity of these cavity detectors is limited by their volume, and the traditionally employed half-wavelength cavities suffer from a significant volume reduction at higher masses. Axion dark matter experiment (ADMX)-Orpheus mitigates this issue by operating a tunable, dielectrically loaded cavity at a higher-order mode, which allows the detection volume to remain large. The ADMX-Orpheus inaugural run excludes dark photon dark matter with kinetic mixing angle χ>10^{-13} between 65.5 μeV (15.8 GHz) and 69.3 μeV (16.8 GHz), marking the highest-frequency tunable microwave cavity dark matter search to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cervantes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Hanretty
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - S Kimes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - B H LaRoque
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - G Leum
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - P Mohapatra
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N S Oblath
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - R Ottens
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Y Park
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Rybka
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Sinnis
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Yang
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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8
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Marcucci G, Beccuti G, Carosi G, Cetani F, Cianferotti L, Colao AM, Di Somma C, Duradoni M, Elefante A, Ghizzoni L, Giusti M, Lania AG, Lavezzi E, Madeo B, Mantovani G, Marcocci C, Masi L, Parri S, Pigliaru F, Santonati A, Spada A, Vera L, Brandi ML. Multicenter retro-prospective observational study on chronic hypoparathyroidism and rhPTH (1-84) treatment. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:1653-1662. [PMID: 35460461 PMCID: PMC9360119 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 months of rhPTH (1-84) (Natpar®) treatment in a cohort of patients selected according to the indications of hypoparathyroidism guidelines. The use of recombinant human PTH (1-84) [rhPTH (1-84)] is approved as hormonal replacement therapy in patients with hypoparathyroidism not adequately controlled with conventional therapy. METHODS It is a multicenter, observational, retro-prospective, open label study. Eleven Italian Endocrinological centers, members of Hypoparathyroidism Working Group of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (HypoparaNET) were involved. Main outcome measures were serum and urinary calcium and phosphate concentration, calcium-phosphate product, renal function, oral calcium and vitamin D doses, and clinical manifestations. RESULTS Fourteen adult subjects, affected by chronic hypoparathyroidism, were treated with rhPTH (1-84) for 12 months. At 12 months of rhPTH (1-84) treatment, 61.5% of patients discontinued calcium supplement and 69.2% calcitriol. Mean albumin-adjusted total serum calcium levels quickly normalized after initiation of rhPTH (1-84) treatment compared to baseline (p = 0.009), remaining in the normal range until 12 months. Rare hypo-hypercalcemia episodes were reported. Renal function was maintained normal and no renal complications were reported. Serum and urinary phosphate and urinary calcium were maintained in the normal range. Mean phosphatemia levels linearly decreased from 3 months up to 12 months compared to baseline (p = 0.014). No severe adverse events were described. CONCLUSIONS Biochemical and clinical results confirm the efficacy and safety of rhPTH (1-84) therapy, which represents an important option for hypoparathyroid patients unresponsive to conventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marcucci
- Bone Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Beccuti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - G Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F Cetani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Cianferotti
- Bone Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A M Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - C Di Somma
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - M Duradoni
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A Elefante
- Azienda Ospedaliera Regionale San Carlo, Potenza, Italy
| | - L Ghizzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - M Giusti
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A G Lania
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089, Rozzano, Italy
| | - E Lavezzi
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089, Rozzano, Italy
| | - B Madeo
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Marcocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Masi
- AUO-Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - S Parri
- Bone Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F Pigliaru
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Santonati
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - A Spada
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - L Vera
- Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - M L Brandi
- Fondazione Italiana Di Ricerca Sulle Malattie Dell'osso: F.I.R.M.O, Via San Gallo 123, 50100, Florence, Italy.
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9
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D'Alessandris QG, Della Pepa GM, Chiesa S, Carosi G, Doglietto F, Lauretti L, Olivi A. Letter to the Editor. Adjuvant radiotherapy in adult intracranial ependymoma: in any case? J Neurosurg 2022; 137:1. [PMID: 35276648 DOI: 10.3171/2022.1.jns22195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Ferrante E, Barbot M, Serban AL, Ceccato F, Carosi G, Lizzul L, Sala E, Daniele A, Indirli R, Cuman M, Locatelli M, Manara R, Arosio M, Boscaro M, Mantovani G, Scaroni C. Indication to dynamic and invasive testing in Cushing's disease according to different neuroradiological findings. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:629-637. [PMID: 34699044 PMCID: PMC8850245 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01695-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dynamic testing represents the mainstay in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome. However, in case of undetectable or detectable lesion < 6 mm on MRI, bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is suggested by current guidelines. Aim of this study was to analyze the performance of CRH, desmopressin and high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (HDDST) in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome as well as the impact of invasive and noninvasive tests on surgical outcome in patients affected by Cushing's disease (CD). METHODS Retrospective analysis on 148 patients with CD and 26 patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome. RESULTS Among CD patients, negative MRI/lesion < 6 mm was detected in 97 patients (Group A); 29 had a 6-10 mm lesion (Group B) and 22 a macroadenoma (Group C). A positive response to CRH test, HDSST and desmopressin test was recorded in 89.4%, 91·4% and 70.1% of cases, respectively. Concordant positive response to both CRH/HDDST and CRH/desmopressin tests showed a positive predictive value of 100% for the diagnosis of CD. Among Group A patients with concordant CRH test and HDDST, no difference in surgical outcome was found between patients who performed BIPSS and those who did not (66.6% vs 70.4%, p = 0.78). CONCLUSIONS CRH, desmopressin test and HDDST have high accuracy in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent CS. In patients with microadenoma < 6 mm or non-visible lesion, a concordant positive response to noninvasive tests seems sufficient to diagnose CD, irrespective of MRI finding. In these patients, BIPSS should be reserved to discordant tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - M Barbot
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A L Serban
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Ceccato
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - G Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Lizzul
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - E Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - A Daniele
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - R Indirli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Cuman
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - M Locatelli
- Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - R Manara
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Boscaro
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - C Scaroni
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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11
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Carosi G, Brunetti A, Mangone A, Baldelli R, Tresoldi A, Del Sindaco G, Lavezzi E, Sala E, Mungari R, Fatti LM, Galazzi E, Ferrante E, Indirli R, Biamonte E, Arosio M, Cozzi R, Lania A, Mazziotti G, Mantovani G. A Multicenter Cohort Study in Patients With Primary Empty Sella: Hormonal and Neuroradiological Features Over a Long Follow-Up. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:925378. [PMID: 35813618 PMCID: PMC9259926 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.925378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE primary empty sella (PES) represents a frequent finding, but data on hormonal alterations are heterogeneous, and its natural history is still unclear. Our aim was to evaluate the pituitary function of patients with PES over a long follow-up. DESIGN multicenter retrospective cohort study enrolling patients referred between 1984-2020 to five Pituitary Units, with neuroradiological confirmed PES and a complete hormonal assessment. METHODS we analyzed hormonal (including basal and dynamic evaluations), clinical and neuroradiological data collected at diagnosis and at the last visit (at least 6 months of follow-up). RESULTS we recruited 402 patients (females=63%, mean age=51.5 ± 16 years) with PES (partial, total, undefined in 66%, 13% and 21%, respectively). Hypopituitarism was present in 40.5% (hypogonadism=20.4%, hypoadrenalism=14.7%, growth hormone deficiency=14.7%, hypothyroidism=10.2%, diabetes insipidus=1.5%; multiple deficiencies=11.4%) and hypeprolactinemia in 6.5%. Interestingly, hormonal alterations were diagnosed in 29% of incidental PES. Hypopituitarism was associated with male sex (p=0.02), suspected endocrinopathy (p<0.001), traumatic brain injury (p=0.003) and not with age, BMI, number of pregnancies and neuroradiological grade. A longitudinal assessment was possible in 166/402 (median follow-up=58 months). In 5/166 (3%), new deficiencies occurred, whereas 14/166 (8.4%) showed a hormonal recovery. A progression from partial to total PES, which was found in 6/98 patients assessed with a second imaging, was the only parameter significantly related to the hormonal deterioration (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS this is the largest cohort of patients with PES reported. Hypopituitarism is frequent (40%) but hormonal deterioration seems uncommon (3%). Patients need to be carefully evaluated at diagnosis, even if PES is incidentally discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Carosi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Milan, Italy
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Brunetti
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mangone
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Baldelli
- A.O. San Camillo Forlanini, Endocrinology Unit, Department of Oncology and Medical Specialities, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Del Sindaco
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lavezzi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elisa Sala
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Mungari
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Maria Fatti
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Galazzi
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Indirli
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilia Biamonte
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Maura Arosio
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Cozzi
- Niguarda Hospital, Division of Endocrinology, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Lania
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Rozzano, Italy
- *Correspondence: Andrea Lania,
| | - Gherardo Mazziotti
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
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12
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Ferrante E, Serban AL, Clerici M, Indirli R, Scalambrino E, Carosi G, Padovan L, Locatelli M, Arosio M, Peyvandi F, Mantovani G, Tripodi A. Evaluation of procoagulant imbalance in Cushing's syndrome after short- and long-term remission of disease. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:9-16. [PMID: 34115342 PMCID: PMC8741706 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) are at high risk of venous thromboembolism related to a hypercoagulability due to procoagulant imbalance. However, whether these alterations are reversible after disease remission is still unclear. The endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) measured with and without the addition of thrombomodulin provides a global representation of coagulation and previous data confirmed hypercoagulable profile in patients with active hypercortisolism. Aim of this study was to assess the short- and long-term modification of ETP in patients with CS after disease remission. DESIGN AND METHODS Nineteen patients with CS for whom surgical remission was achieved, were prospectively evaluated for clinical characteristics, cortisol secretion profile and ETP at different time points: (i) before surgical intervention; (ii) after 6 months and (iii) 5 years from the time of persistent remission. Nineteen healthy subjects matched for age and gender were also evaluated as control group. RESULTS Before surgery, patients showed higher ETP-ratio (with/without thrombomodulin) than controls (0.62 ± 0.09-vs-0.56 ± 0.09, p = 0.034). No significant correlation between ETP-ratio and cortisol secretion was found. 6 months after remission, ETP-ratio was still significantly increased compared to controls (0.64 ± 0.09-vs-0.56 ± 0.09, p = 0.01), but was similar to baseline (0.64 ± 0.09-vs-0.62 ± 0.09, p = 0.87). At 5 years, ETP-ratio showed a significant decrease (0.55 ± 0.14-vs-0.62 ± 0.09, p = 0.02) and was comparable to controls (0.55 ± 0.14-vs-0.56 ± 0.09, p = 0.7). CONCLUSIONS Plasma hypercoagulability detected in patients with active hypercortisolism persists at short-term evaluation and seems to be completely reversible after long-term remission of disease. These data, as part of a whole evaluation of thrombotic risk, can contribute to make appropriate therapeutic choice in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
| | - A L Serban
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Clerici
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
| | - R Indirli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - E Scalambrino
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
| | - G Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - L Padovan
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
| | - M Locatelli
- Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - F Peyvandi
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20143, Milano, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
| | - A Tripodi
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
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13
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Spada A, Mantovani G, Lania AG, Treppiedi D, Mangili F, Catalano R, Carosi G, Sala E, Peverelli E. Pituitary Tumors: Genetic and Molecular Factors Underlying Pathogenesis and Clinical Behavior. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 112:15-33. [PMID: 33524974 DOI: 10.1159/000514862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are the most common intracranial neoplasms. Although generally benign, they can show a clinically aggressive course, with local invasion, recurrences, and resistance to medical treatment. No universally accepted biomarkers of aggressiveness are available yet, and predicting clinical behavior of PitNETs remains a challenge. In rare cases, the presence of germline mutations in specific genes predisposes to PitNET formation, as part of syndromic diseases or familial isolated pituitary adenomas, and associates to more aggressive, invasive, and drug-resistant tumors. The vast majority of cases is represented by sporadic PitNETs. Somatic mutations in the α subunit of the stimulatory G protein gene (gsp) and in the ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8) gene have been recognized as pathogenetic factors in sporadic GH- and ACTH-secreting PitNETs, respectively, without an association with a worse clinical phenotype. Other molecular factors have been found to significantly affect PitNET drug responsiveness and invasive behavior. These molecules are cytoskeleton and/or scaffold proteins whose alterations prevent proper functioning of the somatostatin and dopamine receptors, targets of medical therapy, or promote the ability of tumor cells to invade surrounding tissues. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of the genetic and molecular alterations that can contribute to determine PitNET clinical behavior. Understanding subcellular mechanisms underlying pituitary tumorigenesis and PitNET clinical phenotype will hopefully lead to identification of new potential therapeutic targets and new markers predicting the behavior and the response to therapeutic treatments of PitNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Spada
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea G Lania
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Treppiedi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Mangili
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosa Catalano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Peverelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,
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14
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Bartram C, Braine T, Burns E, Cervantes R, Crisosto N, Du N, Korandla H, Leum G, Mohapatra P, Nitta T, Rosenberg LJ, Rybka G, Yang J, Clarke J, Siddiqi I, Agrawal A, Dixit AV, Awida MH, Chou AS, Hollister M, Knirck S, Sonnenschein A, Wester W, Gleason JR, Hipp AT, Jois S, Sikivie P, Sullivan NS, Tanner DB, Lentz E, Khatiwada R, Carosi G, Robertson N, Woollett N, Duffy LD, Boutan C, Jones M, LaRoque BH, Oblath NS, Taubman MS, Daw EJ, Perry MG, Buckley JH, Gaikwad C, Hoffman J, Murch KW, Goryachev M, McAllister BT, Quiskamp A, Thomson C, Tobar ME. Search for Invisible Axion Dark Matter in the 3.3-4.2 μeV Mass Range. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:261803. [PMID: 35029490 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.261803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the results from a haloscope search for axion dark matter in the 3.3-4.2 μeV mass range. This search excludes the axion-photon coupling predicted by one of the benchmark models of "invisible" axion dark matter, the Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov model. This sensitivity is achieved using a large-volume cavity, a superconducting magnet, an ultra low noise Josephson parametric amplifier, and sub-Kelvin temperatures. The validity of our detection procedure is ensured by injecting and detecting blind synthetic axion signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bartram
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - T Braine
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - E Burns
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - R Cervantes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Crisosto
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Du
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H Korandla
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Leum
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - P Mohapatra
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - T Nitta
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - L J Rosenberg
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Rybka
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Yang
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - John Clarke
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Siddiqi
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Agrawal
- University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A V Dixit
- University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M H Awida
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A S Chou
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Hollister
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Knirck
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sonnenschein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W Wester
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J R Gleason
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - A T Hipp
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - S Jois
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - P Sikivie
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - N S Sullivan
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D B Tanner
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - E Lentz
- University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - R Khatiwada
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Robertson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Woollett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L D Duffy
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C Boutan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M Jones
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - B H LaRoque
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - N S Oblath
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M S Taubman
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - E J Daw
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - M G Perry
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J H Buckley
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - C Gaikwad
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - J Hoffman
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - K W Murch
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - M Goryachev
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - B T McAllister
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - A Quiskamp
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - C Thomson
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - M E Tobar
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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15
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Khatiwada R, Bowring D, Chou AS, Sonnenschein A, Wester W, Mitchell DV, Braine T, Bartram C, Cervantes R, Crisosto N, Du N, Rosenberg LJ, Rybka G, Yang J, Will D, Kimes S, Carosi G, Woollett N, Durham S, Duffy LD, Bradley R, Boutan C, Jones M, LaRoque BH, Oblath NS, Taubman MS, Tedeschi J, Clarke J, Dove A, Hashim A, Siddiqi I, Stevenson N, Eddins A, O'Kelley SR, Nawaz S, Agrawal A, Dixit AV, Gleason JR, Jois S, Sikivie P, Sullivan NS, Tanner DB, Solomon JA, Lentz E, Daw EJ, Perry MG, Buckley JH, Harrington PM, Henriksen EA, Murch KW, Hilton GC. Axion Dark Matter Experiment: Detailed design and operations. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:124502. [PMID: 34972408 DOI: 10.1063/5.0037857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Axion dark matter experiment ultra-low noise haloscope technology has enabled the successful completion of two science runs (1A and 1B) that looked for dark matter axions in the 2.66-3.1 μeV mass range with Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnisky sensitivity [Du et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 151301 (2018) and Braine et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 101303 (2020)]. Therefore, it is the most sensitive axion search experiment to date in this mass range. We discuss the technological advances made in the last several years to achieve this sensitivity, which includes the implementation of components, such as the state-of-the-art quantum-noise-limited amplifiers and a dilution refrigerator. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of a frequency tunable microstrip superconducting quantum interference device amplifier in run 1A, and a Josephson parametric amplifier in run 1B, along with novel analysis tools that characterize the system noise temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Khatiwada
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA and Fermilab Quantum Institute, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D Bowring
- Accelerator Physics Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A S Chou
- Particle Physics Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sonnenschein
- Particle Physics Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W Wester
- Particle Physics Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D V Mitchell
- Particle Physics Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Braine
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - C Bartram
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - R Cervantes
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Crisosto
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Du
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - L J Rosenberg
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Rybka
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - D Will
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - S Kimes
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Woollett
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S Durham
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L D Duffy
- Accelerators and Electrodynamics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Bradley
- NRAO Technology Center, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - C Boutan
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M Jones
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - B H LaRoque
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - N S Oblath
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M S Taubman
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - J Tedeschi
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - John Clarke
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Dove
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Hashim
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Siddiqi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N Stevenson
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Eddins
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S R O'Kelley
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Nawaz
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Agrawal
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A V Dixit
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J R Gleason
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - S Jois
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - P Sikivie
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - N S Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D B Tanner
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - J A Solomon
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - E Lentz
- Department of Physics, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - E J Daw
- Department of Physics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - M G Perry
- Department of Physics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - P M Harrington
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - E A Henriksen
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - K W Murch
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - G C Hilton
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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16
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Sala E, Carosi G, Del Sindaco G, Mungari R, Cremaschi A, Serban AL, Ronchi CL, Ferrante E, Arosio M, Mantovani G. Long-term remission of acromegaly after somatostatin analogues withdrawal: a single-centre experience. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2593-2599. [PMID: 34018167 PMCID: PMC8572221 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A long-lasting remission of acromegaly after somatostatin analogues (SAs) withdrawal has been described in some series. Our aim was to update the disease evolution after SAs withdrawal in a cohort of acromegalic patients. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 21 acromegalic patients previously included in a multicentre study (Ronchi et al. 2008), updating data at the last follow-up. We added further 8 patients selected for SAs withdrawal between 2008-2018. Pituitary irradiation represented an exclusion criterion. The withdrawal was suggested after at least 9 months of clinical and hormonal disease control. Clinical and biochemical data prior and after SAs withdrawal were analysed. RESULTS In the whole cohort (29 patients) mean age was 50 ± 14.9 years and 72.4% were females. In 69% pituitary surgery was previously performed. Overall, the median time of treatment before SAs withdrawal was 53 months (IQR = 24-84). At the last follow up in 2019, 23/29 patients (79.3%) had a disease relapse after a median time of 6 months (interquartile range or IQR = 3-12) from the drug suspension, while 6/29 (20.7%) were still on remission after 120 months (IQR = 66-150). IGF-1 levels were significantly lower before withdrawal in patients with persistent remission compared to relapsing ones (IGF-1 SDS: -1.5 ± 0.6 vs -0.11 ± 1, p = 0.01). We did not observe any other difference between patients with and without relapse, including SAs formulation, dosage and treatment duration. CONCLUSION A successful withdrawal of SAs is possible in a subset of well-controlled acromegalic patients and it challenges the concept that medical therapy is a lifelong requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - G. Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Del Sindaco
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - R. Mungari
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - A. Cremaschi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A. L. Serban
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - C. L. Ronchi
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - E. Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - M. Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G. Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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17
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Carosi G, Mangone A, Sala E, Del Sindaco G, Mungari R, Cremaschi A, Ferrante E, Arosio M, Mantovani G. Clinical and hormonal findings in patients presenting with high IGF-1 and growth hormone suppression after oral glucose load: a retrospective cohort study. Eur J Endocrinol 2021; 185:289-297. [PMID: 34081617 PMCID: PMC8284905 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and unsuppressed growth hormone (GH) levels after glucose load confirm the diagnosis of acromegaly. Management of patients with conflicting results could be challenging. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical and hormonal evolution over a long follow-up in patients with high IGF-1 but normal GH nadir (GHn < 0.4 μg/L according to the latest guidelines). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS We enrolled 53 patients presenting high IGF-1 and GHn < 0.4 μg/L, assessed because of clinical suspicion of acromegaly or in other endocrinological contexts (e.g. pituitary incidentaloma). Clinical and hormonal data collected at the first and last visit were analyzed. RESULTS At the first evaluation, the mean age was 54.1 ± 15.4 years, 34/53 were females, median IGF-1 and GHn were +3.1 SDS and 0.06 μg/L, respectively. In the whole group, over a median time of 6 years, IGF-1 and GHn levels did not significantly change (IGF-1 mean of differences: -0.58, P = 0.15; GHn +0.03, P = 0.29). In patients with clinical features of acromegaly, the prevalence of acromegalic comorbidities was higher than in the others (median of 3 vs 1 comorbidities per patient, P = 0.005), especially malignancies (36% vs 6%, P = 0.03), and the clinical worsening overtime was more pronounced (4 vs 1 comorbidities at the last visit). CONCLUSIONS In patients presenting high IGF-1 but GHn < 0.4 μg/L, a hormonal progression is improbable, likely excluding classical acromegaly in its early stage. However, despite persistently low GH nadir values, patients with acromegalic features present more acromegalic comorbidities whose rate increases over time. Close clinical surveillance of this group is advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mangone
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Del Sindaco
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Mungari
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Cremaschi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Correspondence should be addressed to G Mantovani;
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18
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Serban AL, Ferrante E, Carosi G, Indirli R, Arosio M, Mantovani G. COVID-19 in Cushing disease: experience of a single tertiary centre in Lombardy. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1335-1336. [PMID: 32915404 PMCID: PMC7485426 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01419-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A L Serban
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - E Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - G Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Indirli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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19
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Sala E, Malchiodi E, Carosi G, Verrua E, Cairoli E, Ferrante E, Filopanti M, Eller-Vainicher C, Ulivieri FM, Spada A, Arosio M, Chiodini I, Mantovani G. Spine Bone Texture Assessed by Trabecular Bone Score in Active and Controlled Acromegaly: A Prospective Study. J Endocr Soc 2021; 5:bvab090. [PMID: 34195527 PMCID: PMC8237850 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Acromegalic patients have an increased vertebral fracture (VFx) risk due to bone quality reduction, independently of bone mineral density (BMD). Objective The aim of the study is to describe bone quality in acromegaly, measured by trabecular bone score (TBS), a noninvasive index for assessing bone microarchitecture. Methods We collected data from 18 patients (13 female, age 56.2 ± 15 years) newly diagnosed with acromegaly. Thirty-six age- and sex-matched healthy controls were also recruited. Pituitary function, bone and calcium-phosphorous metabolism, and BMD at spine and femur and TBS (by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) were assessed in acromegalic patients at diagnosis and 12 months after the achievement of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) normalization. Results At diagnosis, BMD and the VFx prevalence were comparable between patients and controls (28.3 ± 5.9 vs 27.6 ± 3.7 and 11% vs 8.3%), whereas TBS was significantly lower in acromegalic patients (1.20 ± 0.13 vs 1.30 ± 0.06; P < .001) and carboxyterminal telopeptide (CTX) and osteocalcin were significantly higher compared to controls (707 ± 365.7 vs 371 ± 104.1 pg/mL; P = .001 and 31.6 ± 15.4 vs 17.0 ± 5.7 ng/mL; P = .001, respectively). One year after IGF-1 normalization, a significant reduction of bone turnover indexes was observed in the group of acromegalic patients surgically cured (osteocalcin decrease of 61.2%, CTX decrease of 60.3%) compared to the ones controlled by medical therapy (osteocalcin decrease of 39%, CTX decrease of 40.7%; P = .01 and P = .001, respectively). Despite these findings, no TBS or BMD variations were observed. Conclusion Acromegalic patients have impaired bone quality despite normal density. Achieving normal growth hormone secretion rapidly leads to the normalization of bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - E Malchiodi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - G Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - E Verrua
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - E Cairoli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - E Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - M Filopanti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - C Eller-Vainicher
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - F M Ulivieri
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - A Spada
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - I Chiodini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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20
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Indirli R, Ferrante E, Scalambrino E, Profka E, Clerici M, Lettera T, Serban AL, Vena W, Pizzocaro A, Bonomi M, Cangiano B, Carosi G, Mazziotti G, Persani L, Lania A, Arosio M, Peyvandi F, Mantovani G, Tripodi A. Procoagulant Imbalance in Klinefelter Syndrome Assessed by Thrombin Generation Assay and Whole-Blood Thromboelastometry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e1660-e1672. [PMID: 33382882 PMCID: PMC7993570 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a condition at increased risk of thrombosis compared to 46,XY men. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to investigate the coagulation balance of KS patients by thrombin generation assay (TGA) and thromboelastometry. METHODS An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at 3 tertiary endocrinological centers in Milan, Italy. Fifty-eight KS patients and 58 age-matched healthy controls were included. Anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy and known coagulation disorders were exclusion criteria. TGA was performed in platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Whole-blood thromboelastometry and activities of coagulation factors were assessed. Endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), the area under the thrombin generation curve, assessed with and without thrombomodulin (ETP-TM+ and ETP-TM-), and their ratio (ETP ratio), were considered as indexes of procoagulant imbalance. RESULTS Patients with KS displayed higher PPP-ETP-TM+ (mean 1528 vs 0.1315 nM × min; P < .001), PPP-ETP ratio (0.78 vs 0.0.70; P < .001), factor (F)VIII (135% vs 0.107%; P = .001), fibrinogen (283 vs 0.241 mg/dL; P < .001), and FVIII/protein C ratio (1.21 vs 0.1.06; P < .05) compared to controls. Protein C was comparable in the 2 groups. Similar results were observed in PRP. The ETP ratio was positively associated with FVIII (ρ = 0.538, P < .001) in KS. Thromboelastometry parameters confirmed evidence of hypercoagulability in KS. CONCLUSION Patients with KS display a procoagulant imbalance expressed by increased thrombin generation both in PPP and PRP, which is at least in part explained by increased FVIII levels. The procoagulant imbalance, which was confirmed by thromboelastometry, may be responsible for the thrombotic events observed in these patients. Further investigation on the benefit/risk ratio of antithrombotic prophylaxis is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Indirli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Scalambrino
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Eriselda Profka
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marigrazia Clerici
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Lettera
- Laboratorio analisi, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreea Liliana Serban
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Vena
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pizzocaro
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Bonomi
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Biagio Cangiano
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gherardo Mazziotti
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Persani
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Lania
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Flora Peyvandi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: Giovanna Mantovani, MD, PhD, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department: Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20122, Italy.
| | - Armando Tripodi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy
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21
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Carosi G, Morelli V, Del Sindaco G, Serban AL, Cremaschi A, Frigerio S, Rodari G, Profka E, Indirli R, Mungari R, Resi V, Orsi E, Ferrante E, Dolci A, Giavoli C, Arosio M, Mantovani G. Adrenal Insufficiency at the Time of COVID-19: A Retrospective Study in Patients Referring to a Tertiary Center. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e1354-e1361. [PMID: 33107576 PMCID: PMC7665569 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a global health emergency, and infected patients with chronic diseases often present with a severe impairment. Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is supposed to be associated with an increased infection risk, which could trigger an adrenal crisis. OBJECTIVE Our primary aim was to evaluate the incidence of COVID-19 symptoms and complications in AI patients. DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted a retrospective case-control study. All patients were on active follow-up and lived in Lombardy, Italy, one of the most affected areas. PATIENTS We enrolled 279 patients with primary and secondary AI and 112 controls (patients with benign pituitary lesions without hormonal alterations). All AI patients had been previously trained to modify their replacement therapy on stress doses. INTERVENTION By administering a standardized questionnaire by phone, we collected data on COVID-19 suggestive symptoms and consequences. RESULTS In February through April 2020, the prevalence of symptomatic patients (complaining at least 1 symptom of viral infection) was similar between the 2 groups (24% in AI and 22.3% in controls, P = 0.79). Highly suggestive COVID-19 symptoms (at least 2 including fever and/or cough) also occurred equally in AI and controls (12.5% in both groups). No patient required hospitalization and no adrenal crisis was reported. Few nasopharyngeal swabs were performed (n = 12), as indicated by sanitary regulations, limiting conclusions on the exact infection rate (2 positive results in AI and none in controls, P = 0.52). CONCLUSIONS AI patients who are adequately treated and trained seem to display the same incidence of COVID-19-suggestive symptoms and disease severity as controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Morelli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Valentina Morelli, Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy. E-mail:
| | - Giulia Del Sindaco
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Andreea Liliana Serban
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Cremaschi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Sofia Frigerio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Rodari
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Eriselda Profka
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Indirli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Mungari
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Resi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Orsi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Dolci
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Giavoli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
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22
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Bona C, Prencipe N, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Carosi G, Lanzi R, Ambrosio MR, Pasquali D, Vettor R, Cannavò S, Ghigo E, Grottoli S. The prevalence of silent acromegaly in prolactinomas is very low. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:531-539. [PMID: 32594452 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the somatotroph axis in a large series of patients with prolactinoma to verify the prevalence of silent acromegaly in this population. METHODS A hundred and forty-four patients were enrolled in a multicenter study: 90 were already on cabergoline (CAB) and enrolled in a cross-sectional arm (group A) with random PRL, GH and IGF-I determination on treatment (≥ 3 months), whereas 54 untreated patients were enrolled at diagnosis in a prospective arm (group B) with PRL, GH and IGF-I measurement before and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. In the presence of high IGF-I, CAB was withdrawn for 3 months and GH, IGF-I, PRL and GH during an oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) were obtained. RESULTS High IGF-I levels (ULN 1.01-1.56) were observed in 9 patients (6.25%, 5F). After CAB withdrawal, IGF-I levels normalized in 5/9 patients, GH was < 0.4 ng/ml after OGTT in 7/9 cases or at random GH determination in one case. After CAB re-introduction, IGF-I levels re-increased in a single case. Overall, a single young female patient harboring a macroadenoma in group A was diagnosed with silent acromegaly and underwent successful transsphenoidal removal of a GH/PRL-secreting adenoma. CONCLUSION The prevalence of silent acromegaly in prolactinomas (0.7%) is lower than previously reported and OGTT is helpful to recognize silent acromegaly. We suggest that the somatotroph axis should be evaluated at diagnosis in all cases and not systematically during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bona
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Science, University Hospital "Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino", Turin, Italy.
| | - N Prencipe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Science, University Hospital "Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino", Turin, Italy
| | - M L Jaffrain-Rea
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- Neuroendocrinology, Neuromed, IRCCS, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - G Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Lanzi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - M R Ambrosio
- Section of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - D Pasquali
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - R Vettor
- Clinical Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - S Cannavò
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Human Pathology G. Barresi, University Hospital G. Martino, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - E Ghigo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Science, University Hospital "Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino", Turin, Italy
| | - S Grottoli
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Science, University Hospital "Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino", Turin, Italy
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23
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Indirli R, Ferreira de Carvalho J, Cremaschi A, Mantovani B, Sala E, Serban AL, Locatelli M, Bertani G, Carosi G, Fiore G, Tariciotti L, Arosio M, Mantovani G, Ferrante E. Tolvaptan in the Management of Acute Euvolemic Hyponatremia After Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:689887. [PMID: 34108941 PMCID: PMC8181462 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.689887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) can be a complication of hypothalamus-pituitary surgery. The use of tolvaptan in this setting is not well established, hence the primary aim of this study was to assess the sodium correction rates attained with tolvaptan compared with standard treatments (fluid restriction and/or hypertonic saline). Furthermore, we compared the length of hospital stay in the two treatment groups and investigated the occurrence of overcorrection and side effects including osmotic demyelination syndrome. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 308 transsphenoidal surgical procedures performed between 2011 and 2019 at our hospital. We selected adult patients who developed post-operative SIAD and recorded sodium monitoring, treatment modalities and outcomes. Correction rates were adjusted based on pre-treatment sodium levels. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients (9.4%) developed post-operative SIAD. Tolvaptan was administered to 14 patients (median dose 15 mg). Standard treatments were employed in 14 subjects (fluid restriction n=11, hypertonic saline n=1, fluid restriction and hypertonic saline n=2). Tolvaptan yielded higher adjusted sodium correction rates (12.0 mmolL-1/24h and 13.4 mmolL-1/48h) than standard treatments (1.8 mmolL-1/24h, p<0.001, and 4.5 mmolL-1/48h, p=0.004, vs. tolvaptan). The correction rate exceeded 10 mmolL-1/24h or 18 mmolL-1/48h in 9/14 and 2/14 patients treated with tolvaptan, respectively, and in no patient who received standard treatments. No side effects including osmotic demyelination occurred. Tolvaptan was associated with a shorter hospital stay (11vs.15 days, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Tolvaptan is more effective than fluid restriction (with or without hypertonic saline) and allows for a shortened hospital stay in patients with SIAD after transsphenoidal surgery. However, its dose and duration should be carefully tailored, and close monitoring is recommended to allow prompt detection of overcorrection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Indirli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Arianna Cremaschi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Mantovani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreea Liliana Serban
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Locatelli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Bertani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Fiore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Tariciotti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giovanna Mantovani,
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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24
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Serban AL, Del Sindaco G, Sala E, Carosi G, Indirli R, Rodari G, Giavoli C, Locatelli M, Carrabba G, Bertani G, Marfia G, Mantovani G, Arosio M, Ferrante E. Determinants of outcome of transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease in a single-centre series. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:631-639. [PMID: 31773581 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-line therapy of Cushing disease (CD) is transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) aimed to obtain a complete removal of the pituitary adenoma and remission of disease. PURPOSE To analyse the surgical outcome of patients with CD who underwent TSS in our Centre. METHODS Retrospective analysis on patients with CD who underwent TSS between 1990 and 2016. RESULTS We analysed 102 TSS that included: 84 first TSS and 18 second and third TSS. The overall remission rate after surgery was 76.5%, with a significant higher percentage of remitted patients after the first TSS compared to the subsequent TSS (82% vs 50%, p = 0.014). The remission after the first TSS was significantly higher when performed by a dedicated surgical team (DST) (89.8% vs 71% p = 0.04) and when the immunohistochemical examination confirmed the adrenocorticotropic adenoma (87% vs 55%, p = 0.04). Neuroradiological findings influenced the surgical outcome in a non-significant manner. Post-TSS complications were reported in 32 patients, with no significant variation when TSS was performed by DST. In case of reintervention, remission of disease was obtained in 72.7% of microadenoma, while no remitted patients were observed in case of macroadenomas. The DST did not significantly improve the outcome. CONCLUSION Cushing disease is characterized by a broad spectrum of neuroradiological presentation. Despite the availability of a DST make the TSS a safe and effective first-line treatment among all these patients, a precise pre-treatment evaluation is needed in order to define the aim of neurosurgery and to schedule the management of recurrent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Serban
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Del Sindaco
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Sala
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy
| | - G Carosi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - R Indirli
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Rodari
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Giavoli
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Locatelli
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurosurgery Division, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Carrabba
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurosurgery Division, Milan, Italy
| | - G Bertani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurosurgery Division, Milan, Italy
| | - G Marfia
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurosurgery Division, Milan, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - M Arosio
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Ferrante
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20143, Italy
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25
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Braine T, Cervantes R, Crisosto N, Du N, Kimes S, Rosenberg LJ, Rybka G, Yang J, Bowring D, Chou AS, Khatiwada R, Sonnenschein A, Wester W, Carosi G, Woollett N, Duffy LD, Bradley R, Boutan C, Jones M, LaRoque BH, Oblath NS, Taubman MS, Clarke J, Dove A, Eddins A, O'Kelley SR, Nawaz S, Siddiqi I, Stevenson N, Agrawal A, Dixit AV, Gleason JR, Jois S, Sikivie P, Solomon JA, Sullivan NS, Tanner DB, Lentz E, Daw EJ, Buckley JH, Harrington PM, Henriksen EA, Murch KW. Extended Search for the Invisible Axion with the Axion Dark Matter Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:101303. [PMID: 32216421 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.101303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports on a cavity haloscope search for dark matter axions in the Galactic halo in the mass range 2.81-3.31 μeV. This search utilizes the combination of a low-noise Josephson parametric amplifier and a large-cavity haloscope to achieve unprecedented sensitivity across this mass range. This search excludes the full range of axion-photon coupling values predicted in benchmark models of the invisible axion that solve the strong CP problem of quantum chromodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Braine
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - R Cervantes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Crisosto
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Du
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - S Kimes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - L J Rosenberg
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Rybka
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Yang
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - D Bowring
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A S Chou
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - R Khatiwada
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sonnenschein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W Wester
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Woollett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L D Duffy
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, California 87545, USA
| | - R Bradley
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - C Boutan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M Jones
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - B H LaRoque
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - N S Oblath
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M S Taubman
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - J Clarke
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Dove
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Eddins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S R O'Kelley
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Nawaz
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Siddiqi
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N Stevenson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Agrawal
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A V Dixit
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J R Gleason
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - S Jois
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - P Sikivie
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - J A Solomon
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - N S Sullivan
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D B Tanner
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - E Lentz
- University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - E J Daw
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J H Buckley
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | | | - E A Henriksen
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - K W Murch
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
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26
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Tresoldi AS, Carosi G, Betella N, Del Sindaco G, Indirli R, Ferrante E, Sala E, Giavoli C, Morenghi E, Locatelli M, Milani D, Mazziotti G, Spada A, Arosio M, Mantovani G, Lania AGA. Clinically Nonfunctioning Pituitary Incidentalomas: Characteristics and Natural History. Neuroendocrinology 2020; 110:595-603. [PMID: 31525736 DOI: 10.1159/000503256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Available data on pituitary incidentalomas mostly derive from small-scale studies, with heterogeneous inclusion criteria and limited follow-up. No paper has focused specifically on clinically nonfunctioning pituitary in-cidentalomas (CNFPIs). OBJECTIVE To describe the charac-teristics and the natural history of patients diagnosed with CNFPIs. METHODS Retrospective multicenter cohort study evaluating hormonal, imaging, and visual field characteristics at diagnosis and during follow-up of CNFPIs investigated in 2 Pituitary Centers. RESULTS Three hundred and seventy-one patients were included (50.9% microadenomas, 35.6% males). Men were older and more likely to have a macroadenoma (p < 0.01). Totally, 23.7% of patients presented secondary hormonal deficits (SHDs), related to tumor size (higher in macroadenomas; p < 0.001) and age (higher in older patients; p < 0.001). Hypogonadism was the most frequent SHD (15.6%). Two hundred and ninety-six patients had follow-up data, 29.1% required surgery after first evaluation, and 97 had at least 3 years of follow-up. In total, 15.3% adenomas grew (more macroadenomas), but only in microadenomas patients with longer follow-up showed a higher growth trend. Totally, 5.2% of patients developed new SHDs (micro- vs. macroadenomas p = 1.000), and in 60% of them this was not associated with an increase in tumor size. Thirteen additional patients required surgery during follow-up (1 microadenoma at diagnosis). CONCLUSIONS Macroadenomas and age are risk factors for SHD in CNFPIs, which occur at diagnosis in a quarter of patients. During follow-up, macroadenomas tend to grow more often, but microadenomas display higher growth trend as follow-up increases. Deterioration of pituitary function is not always related to adenoma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Stefano Tresoldi
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nazarena Betella
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Del Sindaco
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Indirli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sala
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Giavoli
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Morenghi
- Biostatistics Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Marco Locatelli
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Milani
- Neurosurgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Gherardo Mazziotti
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Anna Spada
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy,
| | - Andrea Gerardo Antonio Lania
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
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27
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Zarino B, Verrua E, Ferrante E, Sala E, Carosi G, Giavoli C, Serban AL, Del Sindaco G, Sirtori MA, Bertani GA, Rampini P, Carrabba GG, Arosio M, Spada A, Locatelli M, Mantovani G. Cushing's disease: a prospective case-control study of health-related quality of life and cognitive status before and after surgery. J Neurosurg 2019:1-11. [PMID: 31731265 DOI: 10.3171/2019.8.jns19930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some studies have highlighted psychological and neuropsychological difficulties and a potential reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with pituitary tumors, despite hormone deficits or excess. To the authors' knowledge, this study is the first prospective longitudinal case-control study with the aim of simultaneously testing whether HRQOL and psychiatric and neuropsychological disabilities are related to neural dysfunction due to hypercortisolism per se, or tumor mass and/or surgery in patients with Cushing's disease (CD). The authors evaluated a homogeneous cohort of patients with CD and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) before and after neurosurgery and compared these patients with healthy controls. METHODS Twenty patients (10 with NFPA and 10 with CD) were evaluated using 3 validated questionnaires (SF-36, Beck Depression Inventory-II [BDI-II], and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-II [MMPI-II]) to assess HRQOL and psychological status preoperatively and 12 months after neurosurgery. Neuropsychological tests were assessed preoperatively, 3-7 days postoperatively, and 12 months postoperatively. Twenty healthy matched controls were recruited. RESULTS Preoperatively, the NFPA and CD subgroups had worse HRQOL scores than controls on the basis of SF-36 scores, although the NFPA subgroup experienced significant recovery 12 months postoperatively. Preoperatively, CD patients had depressive symptoms according to the BDI-II and MMPI-II that persisted 12 months postoperatively, together with social introversion and hypochondriasis; NFPA patients were similar to controls except for hypochondriasis scores that were clinically significant at all timepoints. Preoperatively and 3-7 days postoperatively, both subgroups showed significant neuropsychological disabilities compared with controls, but only the CD subgroup did not completely recover over time. CONCLUSIONS HRQOL and neuropsychological impairments were observed in all patients at early timepoints, independent of hypercortisolism, tumor mass, and successful surgery. Over time, CD patients showed persistent changes in HRQOL, in particular in social activities. In this light, CD seems to have a strong impact on HRQOL and to be associated with more psychological and neuropsychological comorbidities than NFPA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Verrua
- 2Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- 2Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Elisa Sala
- 2Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Giulia Carosi
- 2Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
- Departments of3Clinical Sciences and Community Health, and
| | - Claudia Giavoli
- 2Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
- Departments of3Clinical Sciences and Community Health, and
| | - Andreea L Serban
- 2Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
- 6Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Del Sindaco
- 2Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
- Departments of3Clinical Sciences and Community Health, and
| | - Martina A Sirtori
- 1Neurosurgery Unit and
- 5Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan; and
| | | | | | | | - Maura Arosio
- 2Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
- Departments of3Clinical Sciences and Community Health, and
| | - Anna Spada
- Departments of3Clinical Sciences and Community Health, and
| | - Marco Locatelli
- 1Neurosurgery Unit and
- 4Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- 2Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
- Departments of3Clinical Sciences and Community Health, and
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28
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Serban AL, Sala E, Carosi G, Del Sindaco G, Giavoli C, Locatelli M, Arosio M, Mantovani G, Ferrante E. Recovery of Adrenal Function after Pituitary Surgery in Patients with Cushing Disease: Persistent Remission or Recurrence? Neuroendocrinology 2019; 108:211-218. [PMID: 30636245 DOI: 10.1159/000496846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cushing disease (CD) represents the principal cause of endogenous hypercortisolism. The first-line therapy of CD is surgical removal of the ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma, which is generally followed by adrenal insufficiency (AI). OBJECTIVE To analyze the recovery of AI in patients with CD after pituitary surgery in relation with recurrence and persistent remission of CD. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with CD who met the following inclusion criteria: adult age, presence of AI 2 months after the surgical intervention, and a minimum follow-up of 3 years after the surgical intervention. RESULTS Sixty-one patients were followed for a median of 6 years. Ten (16.4%) patients recurred during follow-up. The patients who restored adrenal function did so after a median time of 19 months, with a significantly shorter time in the recurrence group (12.5 vs. 25 months, p = 0.008). All 10 patients who recurred recovered their adrenal function within 22 months. The recovery rate of AI in the persistent remission group was 37.3% (19/51) at 3 years and 55.8% (24/43) at 5 years. In all patients the duration of AI was negatively associated with disease recurrence. CONCLUSION The duration of postsurgical AI in patients with recurrent CD is significantly shorter than that in patients with persistently remitted CD, and this parameter may be a useful predictor of recurrence. Patients showing a normal pituitary-adrenal axis within 2 years after surgery should be strictly monitored as they are at higher risk of disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Liliana Serban
- Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy,
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,
| | - Elisa Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Del Sindaco
- Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Giavoli
- Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Locatelli
- Neurosurgery Division, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
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29
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Boutan C, Jones M, LaRoque BH, Oblath NS, Cervantes R, Du N, Force N, Kimes S, Ottens R, Rosenberg LJ, Rybka G, Yang J, Carosi G, Woollett N, Bowring D, Chou AS, Khatiwada R, Sonnenschein A, Wester W, Bradley R, Daw EJ, Agrawal A, Dixit AV, Clarke J, O'Kelley SR, Crisosto N, Gleason JR, Jois S, Sikivie P, Stern I, Sullivan NS, Tanner DB, Harrington PM, Lentz E. Piezoelectrically Tuned Multimode Cavity Search for Axion Dark Matter. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:261302. [PMID: 30636160 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.261302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The μeV axion is a well-motivated extension to the standard model. The Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX) collaboration seeks to discover this particle by looking for the resonant conversion of dark-matter axions to microwave photons in a strong magnetic field. In this Letter, we report results from a pathfinder experiment, the ADMX "Sidecar," which is designed to pave the way for future, higher mass, searches. This testbed experiment lives inside of and operates in tandem with the main ADMX experiment. The Sidecar experiment excludes masses in three widely spaced frequency ranges (4202-4249, 5086-5799, and 7173-7203 MHz). In addition, Sidecar demonstrates the successful use of a piezoelectric actuator for cavity tuning. Finally, this publication is the first to report data measured using both the TM_{010} and TM_{020} modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boutan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - M Jones
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - B H LaRoque
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - N S Oblath
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - R Cervantes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Du
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Force
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - S Kimes
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - R Ottens
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - L J Rosenberg
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Rybka
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Yang
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Woollett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Bowring
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A S Chou
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - R Khatiwada
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sonnenschein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W Wester
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - R Bradley
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - E J Daw
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - A Agrawal
- University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A V Dixit
- University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Clarke
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S R O'Kelley
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N Crisosto
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - J R Gleason
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - S Jois
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - P Sikivie
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - I Stern
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - N S Sullivan
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D B Tanner
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | | | - E Lentz
- University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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30
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Sala E, Moore JM, Amorin A, Carosi G, Martinez H, Harsh GR, Arosio M, Mantovani G, Katznelson L. Natural history of Rathke's cleft cysts: A retrospective analysis of a two centres experience. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018; 89:178-186. [PMID: 29781512 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) is a common sellar lesion which may cause visual impairment, hypopituitarism and headaches from mass effect. The natural history of these lesions is currently unclear. We investigated the natural history of RCCs and compared surgically treated patients with those treated conservatively. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with a RCC between 1996 and 2016 at Stanford University and Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano. RESULTS Patients were divided into 2 cohorts: Group A, 72 subjects who underwent surgical resection of a symptomatic RCC, and Group B, 62 subjects managed conservatively. Compared to Group B, Group A subjects had larger RCCs (79% vs 22% had a largest diameter >10 mm, P < .001) and were more likely (41.5% vs 16%, P < .001) to present with hypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus (DI) (18% vs 1.6%, P = .002). In Group A, after a mean follow-up of 53.7 months, 12.5% of patients had recurrence and a second surgery. After surgery, 35% of patients recovered pituitary function. Hyperprolactinemia (26.6%) and hypogonadism (66.6%) resolved more commonly that did DI (20.1%). New pituitary deficits appeared in 16.6% of patients after surgery. In Group B, with a mean follow-up of 41 months, only 6.4% had cyst enlargement, none underwent surgery, and none developed a pituitary deficit. CONCLUSION Our data offer guidance in decision-making regarding the management of RCC patients and confirm the safety of conservative treatment in asymptomatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Sala
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Justin M Moore
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alvaro Amorin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Hector Martinez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Griffith R Harsh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maura Arosio
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laurence Katznelson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
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31
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Du N, Force N, Khatiwada R, Lentz E, Ottens R, Rosenberg LJ, Rybka G, Carosi G, Woollett N, Bowring D, Chou AS, Sonnenschein A, Wester W, Boutan C, Oblath NS, Bradley R, Daw EJ, Dixit AV, Clarke J, O'Kelley SR, Crisosto N, Gleason JR, Jois S, Sikivie P, Stern I, Sullivan NS, Tanner DB, Hilton GC. Search for Invisible Axion Dark Matter with the Axion Dark Matter Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:151301. [PMID: 29756850 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.151301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the results from a haloscope search for dark matter axions with masses between 2.66 and 2.81 μeV. The search excludes the range of axion-photon couplings predicted by plausible models of the invisible axion. This unprecedented sensitivity is achieved by operating a large-volume haloscope at subkelvin temperatures, thereby reducing thermal noise as well as the excess noise from the ultralow-noise superconducting quantum interference device amplifier used for the signal power readout. Ongoing searches will provide nearly definitive tests of the invisible axion model over a wide range of axion masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Du
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - N Force
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - R Khatiwada
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - E Lentz
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - R Ottens
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - L J Rosenberg
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Rybka
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Woollett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Bowring
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A S Chou
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sonnenschein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W Wester
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - C Boutan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - N S Oblath
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - R Bradley
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - E J Daw
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - A V Dixit
- University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Clarke
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S R O'Kelley
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N Crisosto
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - J R Gleason
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - S Jois
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - P Sikivie
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - I Stern
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - N S Sullivan
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D B Tanner
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - G C Hilton
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
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Roecker C, Bowden NS, Carosi G, Heffner M, Jovanovic I. Reconstruction Algorithms for Directional Neutron Detection Using a Time Projection Chamber. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt12-a14636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Roecker
- Purdue University, School of Nuclear Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N. S. Bowden
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - G. Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - M. Heffner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - I. Jovanovic
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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Brubaker BM, Zhong L, Gurevich YV, Cahn SB, Lamoreaux SK, Simanovskaia M, Root JR, Lewis SM, Al Kenany S, Backes KM, Urdinaran I, Rapidis NM, Shokair TM, van Bibber KA, Palken DA, Malnou M, Kindel WF, Anil MA, Lehnert KW, Carosi G. First Results from a Microwave Cavity Axion Search at 24 μeV. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:061302. [PMID: 28234529 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.061302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first results from a new microwave cavity search for dark matter axions with masses above 20 μeV. We exclude axion models with two-photon coupling g_{aγγ}≳2×10^{-14} GeV^{-1} over the range 23.55<m_{a}<24.0 μeV. These results represent two important achievements. First, we have reached cosmologically relevant sensitivity an order of magnitude higher in mass than any existing limits. Second, by incorporating a dilution refrigerator and Josephson parametric amplifier, we have demonstrated total noise approaching the standard quantum limit for the first time in an axion search.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Brubaker
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - L Zhong
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Y V Gurevich
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - S B Cahn
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - S K Lamoreaux
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - M Simanovskaia
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J R Root
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S M Lewis
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Al Kenany
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K M Backes
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Urdinaran
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N M Rapidis
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T M Shokair
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K A van Bibber
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D A Palken
- JILA and the Department of Physics, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M Malnou
- JILA and the Department of Physics, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - W F Kindel
- JILA and the Department of Physics, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M A Anil
- JILA and the Department of Physics, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - K W Lehnert
- JILA and the Department of Physics, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
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Sala E, Bellaviti Buttoni P, Malchiodi E, Verrua E, Carosi G, Profka E, Rodari G, Filopanti M, Ferrante E, Spada A, Mantovani G. Recurrence of hyperprolactinemia following dopamine agonist withdrawal and possible predictive factors of recurrence in prolactinomas. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:1377-1382. [PMID: 27245604 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal duration of cabergoline (CAB) treatment of prolactinomas that minimizes recurrences is not well established. 2011 Endocrine Society Guidelines suggested that withdrawal may be safely undertaken after 2 years in patients achieving normoprolactinemia and tumor reduction. MATERIALS We analyzed 74 patients (mean age = 46.9 ± 14.4, M/F = 19/55, macro/micro = 18/56) bearing a prolactinoma divided in 3 groups: group A (23) treated for 3 years, group B (23) for a period between 3 and 5 years, and group C (28) for a period >5 years. CAB therapy was interrupted according to Endocrine Society Guidelines. Prolactin (PRL) levels were measured 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after withdrawal. Recurrence was defined with PRL levels ≥30 ng/ml. RESULTS Groups did not differ in pretreatment PRL levels (123.2 ± 112.1, 120.9 ± 123.8, 176.6 ± 154.0), pituitary deficit (4, 17, 17 %), mean CAB weekly dose (0.7 ± 0.4, 0.6 ± 0.3, 0.7 ± 0.4) and PRL levels before withdrawal (17.1 ± 19.6, 11.4 ± 8.8, 13.8 ± 13.5). Recurrence occurred within 12 months in 34 patients (45.9 %), without significant differences among groups. Neuroradiological evaluation showed a significantly higher presence of macroadenoma in group C (13, 17 and 39 %, respectively). Recurrence rate of hyperprolactinemia did not depend on sex, tumor size or CAB dose but it was significantly correlated with PRL levels at diagnosis and before withdrawal (p = 0.03). Finally, patients with pituitary deficit at diagnosis showed a significantly higher recurrence rate (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS The study provides additional evidence that prolonging therapy for more than 3 years does not reduce recurrence rate. In particular, recurrence risk was similar in micro- and macroadenomas, and higher in patients with pituitary deficits at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sala
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - P Bellaviti Buttoni
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - E Malchiodi
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - E Verrua
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - G Carosi
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - E Profka
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - G Rodari
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - M Filopanti
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - E Ferrante
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A Spada
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology - Pad. Granelli, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
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Stern I, Chisholm AA, Hoskins J, Sikivie P, Sullivan NS, Tanner DB, Carosi G, van Bibber K. Cavity design for high-frequency axion dark matter detectors. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:123305. [PMID: 26724020 DOI: 10.1063/1.4938164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to extend the usefulness of microwave cavity detectors to higher axion masses, above ∼8 μeV (∼2 GHz), a numerical trade study of cavities was conducted to investigate the merit of using variable periodic post arrays and regulating vane designs for higher-frequency searches. The results show that both designs could be used to develop resonant cavities for high-mass axion searches. Multiple configurations of both methods obtained the scanning sensitivity equivalent to approximately 4 coherently coupled cavities with a single tuning rod.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Stern
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - A A Chisholm
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - J Hoskins
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - P Sikivie
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - N S Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D B Tanner
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - G Carosi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K van Bibber
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Carosi G, Lazzarin A, Stellbrink H, Moyle G, Rugina S, Staszewski S, Givens N, Ross L, Granier C, Ait-Khaled M, Leather D, Nichols WG. Study of Once-Daily Versus Twice-Daily Fosamprenavir plus Ritonavir Administered with Abacavir/Lamivudine Once Daily in Antiretroviral-Naïve HIV-1–Infected Adult Subjects. HIV Clinical Trials 2015; 10:356-67. [DOI: 10.1310/hct1006-356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Rodriguez-Torres M, Torriani F, Rockstroh J, Depamphilis J, Carosi G, Dieterich D. Degree of Viral Decline Early in Treatment Predicts Sustained Virological Response in HCV-HIV Coinfected Patients Treated with Peginterferon Alfa-2a and Ribavirin. HIV Clinical Trials 2015; 11:1-10. [DOI: 10.1310/hct1101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Carosi G, Malchiodi E, Ferrante E, Sala E, Verrua E, Profka E, Giavoli C, Filopanti M, Beck-Peccoz P, Spada A, Mantovani G. Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis in Non-Functioning Pituitary Adenomas: Focus on the Prevalence of Isolated Central Hypoadrenalism. Neuroendocrinology 2015; 102:267-273. [PMID: 25924873 DOI: 10.1159/000430815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) account for about 40% of pituitary tumors. Pituitary deficiencies are present at diagnosis in 60-80% of NFPA, and, classically, growth hormone (GH) secretion is lost first, while adrenocorticotropic hormone is expected to disappear last. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of multiple or isolated pituitary deficiencies in a large series of NFPA. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data on 218 NFPA cases (59% females, 59% with macroadenomas, average age: 50.2 ± 17 years) followed up at our center from 1990 to 2013. At diagnosis all patients had a complete evaluation of pituitary function in basal conditions and provocative tests for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, while tests for GH deficiency (GHD) were carried out in 38%. RESULTS 52.3% of patients (65.6% of macroadenomas, 33.3% of microadenomas) presented at least 1 pituitary deficiency: isolated deficiency in 29.8%, multiple deficiencies in 30% and panhypopituitarism in 9%. Isolated deficiencies were hypogonadism in 11.5% of patients (8% in micro-, 14% in macroadenomas), hypoadrenalism in 10.1% (14% in micro-, 7% in macroadenomas) and GHD in 8.3% (8.9% in micro-, 7.8% in macroadenomas). About 30% of microadenomas had at least 1 pituitary deficiency at diagnosis, independently of tumor localization within the sellar region. CONCLUSIONS The presence of isolated hypoadrenalism suggests that the order of appearance of hypopituitarism does not always follow the one expected. Given the relatively high prevalence of isolated hypoadrenalism even in microadenomas, we suggest a full assessment of basal and dynamic pituitary function in all NFPA regardless of tumor size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Carosi
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Accardo L, Aguilar M, Aisa D, Alpat B, Alvino A, Ambrosi G, Andeen K, Arruda L, Attig N, Azzarello P, Bachlechner A, Barao F, Barrau A, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Basara L, Battarbee M, Battiston R, Bazo J, Becker U, Behlmann M, Beischer B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bigongiari G, Bindi V, Bizzaglia S, Bizzarri M, Boella G, de Boer W, Bollweg K, Bonnivard V, Borgia B, Borsini S, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Burger J, Cadoux F, Cai XD, Capell M, Caroff S, Carosi G, Casaus J, Cascioli V, Castellini G, Cernuda I, Cerreta D, Cervelli F, Chae MJ, Chang YH, Chen AI, Chen H, Cheng GM, Chen HS, Cheng L, Chikanian A, Chou HY, Choumilov E, Choutko V, Chung CH, Cindolo F, Clark C, Clavero R, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Coste B, Cui Z, Dai M, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Masso L, Dimiccoli F, Díaz C, von Doetinchem P, Du WJ, Duranti M, D'Urso D, Eline A, Eppling FJ, Eronen T, Fan YY, Farnesini L, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fiasson A, Finch E, Fisher P, Galaktionov Y, Gallucci G, García B, García-López R, Gast H, Gebauer I, Gervasi M, Ghelfi A, Gillard W, Giovacchini F, Goglov P, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guandalini C, Guerri I, Guo KH, Haas D, Habiby M, Haino S, Han KC, He ZH, Heil M, Henning R, Hoffman J, Hsieh TH, Huang ZC, Huh C, Incagli M, Ionica M, Jang WY, Jinchi H, Kanishev K, Kim GN, Kim KS, Kirn T, Kossakowski R, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krafczyk MS, Kunz S, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Leluc C, Levi G, Li HL, Li JQ, Li Q, Li Q, Li TX, Li W, Li Y, Li ZH, Li ZY, Lim S, Lin CH, Lipari P, Lippert T, Liu D, Liu H, Lolli M, Lomtadze T, Lu MJ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo F, Luo JZ, Lv SS, Majka R, Malinin A, Mañá C, Marín J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Massera F, Maurin D, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mo DC, Monreal B, Morescalchi L, Mott P, Müller M, Ni JQ, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Nunes P, Obermeier A, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palmonari F, Palomares C, Paniccia M, Papi A, Pauluzzi M, Pedreschi E, Pensotti S, Pereira R, Pilastrini R, Pilo F, Piluso A, Pizzolotto C, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poireau V, Postaci E, Putze A, Quadrani L, Qi XM, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Ricol JS, Rodríguez I, Rosier-Lees S, Rossi L, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Rybka G, Sagdeev R, Sandweiss J, Saouter P, Sbarra C, Schael S, Schmidt SM, Schuckardt D, Schulz von Dratzig A, Schwering G, Scolieri G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Shan YH, Shi JY, Shi XY, Shi YM, Siedenburg T, Son D, Spada F, Spinella F, Sun W, Sun WH, Tacconi M, Tang CP, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tao L, Tescaro D, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Türkoğlu C, Urban T, Vagelli V, Valente E, Vannini C, Valtonen E, Vaurynovich S, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Vitale V, Volpini G, Wang LQ, Wang QL, Wang RS, Wang X, Wang ZX, Weng ZL, Whitman K, Wienkenhöver J, Wu H, Wu KY, Xia X, Xie M, Xie S, Xiong RQ, Xin GM, Xu NS, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang J, Yang M, Ye QH, Yi H, Yu YJ, Yu ZQ, Zeissler S, Zhang JH, Zhang MT, Zhang XB, Zhang Z, Zheng ZM, Zhou F, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zimmermann N, Zuccon P, Zurbach C. High statistics measurement of the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays of 0.5-500 GeV with the alpha magnetic spectrometer on the international space station. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:121101. [PMID: 25279616 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.121101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A precision measurement by AMS of the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 0.5 to 500 GeV based on 10.9 million positron and electron events is presented. This measurement extends the energy range of our previous observation and increases its precision. The new results show, for the first time, that above ∼200 GeV the positron fraction no longer exhibits an increase with energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Accardo
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - D Aisa
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx and Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - B Alpat
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - A Alvino
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - K Andeen
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, D-76128 Karlsruhe, GermanyB
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, LIP, P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, GermanyA
| | - P Azzarello
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland and INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - A Bachlechner
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, LIP, P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Barrau
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A Bartoloni
- INFN-Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italyx
| | - L Basara
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France and INFN-TIFPA and Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italyx
| | - M Battarbee
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - R Battiston
- INFN-TIFPA and Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italyx
| | - J Bazo
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - U Becker
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Beischer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx and Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx and Università di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, 2505 Correa Road, WAT 432, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - S Bizzaglia
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - M Bizzarri
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx and Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Boella
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx and Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - W de Boer
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, D-76128 Karlsruhe, GermanyB
| | - K Bollweg
- NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, JSC, and Jacobs-Sverdrup, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - V Bonnivard
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - B Borgia
- INFN-Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italyx and Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - S Borsini
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Cadoux
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Caroff
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - G Carosi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - V Cascioli
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | | | - I Cernuda
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - D Cerreta
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx and Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - F Cervelli
- INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx
| | - M J Chae
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, KoreaE
| | - Y H Chang
- National Central University, NCU, Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwany
| | - A I Chen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Chen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G M Cheng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong University, SDU, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - A Chikanian
- Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H Y Chou
- National Central University, NCU, Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwany
| | - E Choumilov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - F Cindolo
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Clark
- NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, JSC, and Jacobs-Sverdrup, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - R Clavero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, IAC, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - G Coignet
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, 2505 Correa Road, WAT 432, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, 2505 Correa Road, WAT 432, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - B Coste
- INFN-TIFPA and Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italyx
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University, SDU, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M Dai
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, IEE, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - S Della Torre
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx
| | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University, METU, 06800 Ankara, Turkeyv
| | - L Derome
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Di Falco
- INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx
| | - L Di Masso
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx and Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - F Dimiccoli
- INFN-TIFPA and Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italyx
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, 2505 Correa Road, WAT 432, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - W J Du
- Shandong University, SDU, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M Duranti
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - D D'Urso
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F J Eppling
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Eronen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Y Y Fan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwany
| | - L Farnesini
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - J Feng
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx and Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Fiasson
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - E Finch
- Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Galaktionov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Gallucci
- European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland and INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx
| | - B García
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - R García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, IAC, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - I Gebauer
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, D-76128 Karlsruhe, GermanyB
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx and Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - A Ghelfi
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - W Gillard
- National Central University, NCU, Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwany
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - P Goglov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, México D.F. 01000, MéxicoD
| | - D Grandi
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx
| | - M Graziani
- European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland and INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - C Guandalini
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Guerri
- INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx and Università di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - K H Guo
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - D Haas
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - M Habiby
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Haino
- National Central University, NCU, Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwany and Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwany
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology, NCSIST, Longtan, Tao Yuan 325, Taiwan
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - M Heil
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA and Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, D-76128 Karlsruhe, GermanyB
| | - R Henning
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Hoffman
- National Central University, NCU, Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z C Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - C Huh
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 702-701 Daegu, Koreaz
| | - M Incagli
- INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx
| | - M Ionica
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 702-701 Daegu, Koreaz
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology, NCSIST, Longtan, Tao Yuan 325, Taiwan
| | - K Kanishev
- INFN-TIFPA and Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italyx
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 702-701 Daegu, Koreaz
| | - K S Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 702-701 Daegu, Koreaz
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - R Kossakowski
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M S Krafczyk
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Kunz
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, D-76128 Karlsruhe, GermanyB
| | - G La Vacca
- European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland and INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx
| | - E Laudi
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx and Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN-TIFPA and Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italyx
| | - A Lebedev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwany
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwany
| | - C Leluc
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - G Levi
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - H L Li
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwany
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T X Li
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - W Li
- Beihang University, BUAA, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y Li
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - Z Y Li
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwany
| | - S Lim
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, KoreaE
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwany
| | - P Lipari
- INFN-Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italyx
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, GermanyA
| | - D Liu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwany
| | - H Liu
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Lolli
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - T Lomtadze
- INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx
| | - M J Lu
- INFN-TIFPA and Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italyx
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - F Luo
- Shandong University, SDU, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - S S Lv
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - R Majka
- Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Malinin
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - T Martin
- NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, JSC, and Jacobs-Sverdrup, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - N Masi
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - F Massera
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, México D.F. 01000, MéxicoD
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - D C Mo
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - B Monreal
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - P Mott
- NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, JSC, and Jacobs-Sverdrup, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - M Müller
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - J Q Ni
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - N Nikonov
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, D-76128 Karlsruhe, GermanyB
| | - F Nozzoli
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - P Nunes
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, LIP, P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Obermeier
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - A Oliva
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, LIP, P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Palomares
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Papi
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx and Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - S Pensotti
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx and Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Pereira
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, 2505 Correa Road, WAT 432, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA and Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, LIP, P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Pilastrini
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - F Pilo
- INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx
| | - A Piluso
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx and Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - C Pizzolotto
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - E Postaci
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University, METU, 06800 Ankara, Turkeyv
| | - A Putze
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - X M Qi
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - J S Ricol
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - I Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - L Rossi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx
| | - G Rybka
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - P Saouter
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - C Sbarra
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - S M Schmidt
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, GermanyA
| | - D Schuckardt
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, D-76128 Karlsruhe, GermanyB
| | - A Schulz von Dratzig
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - G Scolieri
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University, BUAA, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y H Shan
- Beihang University, BUAA, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Y Shi
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - X Y Shi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y M Shi
- Shanghai Jiaotong University, SJTU, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - D Son
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 702-701 Daegu, Koreaz
| | - F Spada
- INFN-Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italyx
| | - F Spinella
- INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx
| | - W Sun
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - W H Sun
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italyx and Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C P Tang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - L Tao
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - D Tescaro
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, IAC, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - C Türkoğlu
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University, METU, 06800 Ankara, Turkeyv
| | - T Urban
- NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, JSC, and Jacobs-Sverdrup, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - V Vagelli
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, D-76128 Karlsruhe, GermanyB
| | - E Valente
- INFN-Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italyx and Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Vannini
- INFN-Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italyx
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - S Vaurynovich
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Vecchi
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - J P Vialle
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-Le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, LAPP, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - V Vitale
- INFN-Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italyx
| | - G Volpini
- INFN-Sezione di Milano and Università di Milano, I-20090 Milano, Italy
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University, SDU, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, IEE, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - R S Wang
- Shanghai Jiaotong University, SJTU, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z X Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - K Whitman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, 2505 Correa Road, WAT 432, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Wienkenhöver
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - K Y Wu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwany
| | - X Xia
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainC
| | - M Xie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Xie
- Shanghai Jiaotong University, SJTU, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - G M Xin
- Shandong University, SDU, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N S Xu
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - W Xu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Q Yan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - J Yang
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, KoreaE
| | - M Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - Q H Ye
- Shanghai Jiaotong University, SJTU, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y J Yu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, IEE, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - S Zeissler
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT, D-76128 Karlsruhe, GermanyB
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University, SEU, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M T Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - X B Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, SYSU, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University, BUAA, Beijing 100191, China
| | - F Zhou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, IHEP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, Chinaw
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN-Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italyx and Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - N Zimmermann
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germanyu
| | - P Zuccon
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Zurbach
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, LUPM, IN2P3/CNRS and Université de Montpellier II, F-34095 Montpellier, France
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Bruno R, Carosi G, Coppola N, Gaeta GB, Puoti M, Santantonio T, Taliani G, Armignacco O, Sagnelli E, Andreoni M, Angarano G, Di Perri G, D'Offizi G, Galli M, Rizzardini G. Recommendations for the management of acute hepatitis B: position paper of the Italian Society for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases (SIMIT). Infection 2014; 42:811-5. [PMID: 24997980 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-014-0642-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop recommendations for the management of acute hepatitis B by the Italian Society for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases. METHODS Development of the recommendations divided into three levels of evidence according to the GRADE system: A (high), B (medium) and C (low experts opinion), together with three recommendation levels: 1 (strong), 2 (medium), 3 (weak). RESULTS The treatment with antivirals is in selected cases the mainstay of management of severe acute hepatitis, and should be started as a matter of urgency in order to prevent death. CONCLUSIONS These recommendations are meant to provide the rationale and practical indications for the management of acute hepatitis B (AHB).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bruno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli, 5, 27100, Pavia, Italy,
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42
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Geretti AM, Conibear T, Hill A, Johnson JA, Tambuyzer L, Thys K, Vingerhoets J, Van Delft Y, Rieger A, Vetter N, Greil R, Pedersen C, Storgaard M, Morlat P, Katlama C, Durant J, Cotte L, Duvivier C, Rey D, Esser S, Stellbrink C, Schmidt W, Stoll M, Stephan C, Fatkenheuer G, Stoehr A, Rockstroh J, Banhegyi D, Itzchak L, Shahar E, Maayan S, Turner D, Lazzarin A, Antinori A, Carosi G, Minoli L, di Perri G, Filice G, Andreoni M, Duiculescu D, Rugina S, Erscoiu S, Streinu A, Pronin A, Pokrovsky V, Gruzdev B, Yakovlev A, Voronin E, Clotet B, Gatell J, Arribas J, Podzamczer D, Domingo P, Alvarez CM, Quero JH, Furrer H, Feher J, Johnson M, Fox J, Nelson M, Fisher M, Orkin C. Sensitive testing of plasma HIV-1 RNA and Sanger sequencing of cellular HIV-1 DNA for the detection of drug resistance prior to starting first-line antiretroviral therapy with etravirine or efavirenz. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 69:1090-7. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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43
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Fasano M, Saracino A, Carosi G, Mazzotta F, Marino N, Sagnelli E, Gaeta GB, Angarano G, Verucchi G, Bellissima P, Angeletti C, Santantonio T. Hepatitis B and immigrants: a SIMIT multicenter cross-sectional study. Infection 2013. [PMID: 23264094 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-012-0384-9]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continuing migration of individuals from geographic areas with high/medium endemicity has determined the arrival of new chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers in Italy. The magnitude of this phenomenon and clinical/virological features of HBsAg-positive migrants remain not very well defined. AIMS To evaluate the proportion of HBsAg-positive immigrants enrolled in this multicenter Società Italiana di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali (SIMIT) cross-sectional study and to compare the characteristics of chronic hepatitis B infection in migrants to those of Italian carriers. METHODS From February 1 to July 31 2008, anonymous data were obtained from all HBsAg-positive patients aged ≥ 18 years observed at 74 Italian centers of infectious diseases. RESULTS Of the 3,760 HBsAg-positive subjects enrolled, 932 (24.8 %) were immigrants, with a prevalent distribution in central to northern Italy. The areas of origin were: Far East (37.1 %), Eastern Europe (35.4 %), Sub-Saharan Africa (17.5 %), North Africa (5.5 %), and 4.5 % from various other sites. Compared to Italian carriers, migrants were significantly younger (median age 34 vs. 52 years), predominantly female (57.5 vs. 31 %), and most often at first observation (incident cases 34.2 vs. 13.3 %). HBeAg-positives were more frequent among migrants (27.5 vs. 14 %). Genotype D, found in 87.8 % of Italian carriers, was present in only 40 % of migrants, who were more frequently inactive HBV carriers, with a lower prevalence of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Only 27.1 % of migrants received antiviral treatment compared to 50.3 % of Italians. CONCLUSIONS Twenty-five percent of all HBV carriers examined at Italian centers was composed of immigrants with demographic, serological, and virological characteristics that differed from those of natives and appeared to have an inferior access to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fasano
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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44
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Fasano M, Saracino A, Carosi G, Mazzotta F, Marino N, Sagnelli E, Gaeta GB, Angarano G, Verucchi G, Bellissima P, Angeletti C, Santantonio T. Hepatitis B and immigrants: a SIMIT multicenter cross-sectional study. Infection 2012; 41:53-9. [PMID: 23264094 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-012-0384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continuing migration of individuals from geographic areas with high/medium endemicity has determined the arrival of new chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers in Italy. The magnitude of this phenomenon and clinical/virological features of HBsAg-positive migrants remain not very well defined. AIMS To evaluate the proportion of HBsAg-positive immigrants enrolled in this multicenter Società Italiana di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali (SIMIT) cross-sectional study and to compare the characteristics of chronic hepatitis B infection in migrants to those of Italian carriers. METHODS From February 1 to July 31 2008, anonymous data were obtained from all HBsAg-positive patients aged ≥ 18 years observed at 74 Italian centers of infectious diseases. RESULTS Of the 3,760 HBsAg-positive subjects enrolled, 932 (24.8 %) were immigrants, with a prevalent distribution in central to northern Italy. The areas of origin were: Far East (37.1 %), Eastern Europe (35.4 %), Sub-Saharan Africa (17.5 %), North Africa (5.5 %), and 4.5 % from various other sites. Compared to Italian carriers, migrants were significantly younger (median age 34 vs. 52 years), predominantly female (57.5 vs. 31 %), and most often at first observation (incident cases 34.2 vs. 13.3 %). HBeAg-positives were more frequent among migrants (27.5 vs. 14 %). Genotype D, found in 87.8 % of Italian carriers, was present in only 40 % of migrants, who were more frequently inactive HBV carriers, with a lower prevalence of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Only 27.1 % of migrants received antiviral treatment compared to 50.3 % of Italians. CONCLUSIONS Twenty-five percent of all HBV carriers examined at Italian centers was composed of immigrants with demographic, serological, and virological characteristics that differed from those of natives and appeared to have an inferior access to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fasano
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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45
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Casari S, Suligoi B, Camoni L, Pavan A, Macchi L, Capelli M, Paraninfo G, Compostella S, Castelli F, Carosi G, Donato F. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics and behaviours of individuals with newly diagnosed HIV infection: a multicentre study in north Italy. J Prev Med Hyg 2012; 53:190-194. [PMID: 23469586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to investigate socio-demographic, clinical and epidemiological characteristics and behaviours of subjects with new HIV diagnosis. METHODS We carried out a multi-centre cross-sectional study comprising 17 infectious diseases units in the Lombardy Region, North Italy. All subjects with a first positive test for HIV infection examined in 2008-09 were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS 472 patients were enrolled (mean age 39.8 years, standard deviation [SD] 11.5), mostly males (78%), and born in Italy (77%). The most common routes of HIV transmission were heterosexual intercourse (49%) and sex among men who have sex with men (MSM) (40%). Never/sometimes use of a condom with occasional partners was associated with male gender, heterosexual transmission route, and with >10 sexual partners in their lifetime. 47% had previous HIV negative tests. Having had more than 2 previous HIV negative tests was associated with younger age, MSM transmission route, CD4+ lymphocyte count >350/microl and self-perception of risk. DISCUSSION This study shows that there is a large portion of the adult population, especially heterosexual men aged 45 years and over, who are at high risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV infection and undergoing the HIV diagnostic test late, due to risk behaviours combined with a low perception of being at risk. Compared to people infected by heterosexual contacts, MSM show a greater awareness of being at risk of infection, but this knowledge has a low impact in reducing at-risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Casari
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Spedali Civili General Hospital, Brescia, Italy.
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46
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Antonucci G, Mazzotta F, Puoti M, Angeletti C, Girardi E, Santantonio T, Ambu S, Gaeta GB, Colucci M, Angarano G, Marino N, Rinaldi R, Bellissima P, Armignacco O, Carosi G, Sagnelli E. Factors associated with access to antiviral treatment in a multicentre cross-sectional study of patients with chronic hepatitis B in Italy. J Viral Hepat 2012; 19:881-9. [PMID: 23121367 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2012.01615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A multicentre cross-sectional survey was performed to provide an accurate picture of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) cared for by Italian Infectious Diseases Centers (IDCs). This analysis describes factors associated with access to the treatment of CHB in a country where barriers to treatment are not expected to exist because of comprehensive coverage under the National Health System (NHS). The study was performed in 74 IDCs. The analysis focused on 3305 patients with CHB of 3760 HBsAg-positive patients enrolled from March to September, 2008. To account for missing values, a Multiple Imputation method was used. Treatment was reported in 2091 (63.3%) patients. In the multivariate analysis, an increased chance of getting treatment was independently associated with 10 years increase of age at diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-1.3, P < 0.001), HBeAg positivity (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.8, P < 0.001), cirrhosis (aOR 3.6, 95% CI 2-6.3, P = 0.012), HDV (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.02-2.5, P = 0.042) and HIV positivity (aOR 6.5, 95% CI 4-10.8, P < 0.001). Conversely, a decreased chance was associated with female gender (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5-0.7, P < 0.001), immigration (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5-0.9, P = 0.009), alcohol consumption (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-0.98, P = 0.04) and HCV positivity (aOR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.8, P = 0.005). Our study shows that Italian IDCs treat a high percentage of patients with CHB. Nevertheless, disparities exist which are not related to the severity of disease limiting access to antiviral therapy of CHB, even in a country with a universal healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Antonucci
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy.
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- C Torti
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.
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48
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Leone S, Ravasio V, Durante-Mangoni E, Crapis M, Carosi G, Scotton PG, Barzaghi N, Falcone M, Chinello P, Pasticci MB, Grossi P, Utili R, Viale P, Rizzi M, Suter F. Epidemiology, characteristics, and outcome of infective endocarditis in Italy: the Italian Study on Endocarditis. Infection 2012; 40:527-35. [PMID: 22711599 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-012-0285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The characteristics of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) vary significantly by region of the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contemporary epidemiology, characteristics, and outcome of IE in a large, nationwide cohort of Italian patients. METHODS We conducted a prospective, observational study at 24 medical centers in Italy, including all the consecutive patients with a definite or possible diagnosis of IE (modified Duke criteria) admitted from January 2004 through December 2009. A number of clinical variables were collected through an electronic case report form and analyzed to comprehensively delineate the features of IE. We report the data on patients with definite IE. RESULTS A total of 1,082 patients with definite IE were included. Of these, 753 (69.6%) patients had infection on a native valve, 277 (25.6%) on a prosthetic valve, and 52 (4.8%) on an implantable electronic device. Overall, community-acquired (69.2%) was more common than nosocomial (6.2%) or non-nosocomial (24.6%) health care-associated IE. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen (22.0%). In-hospital mortality was 15.1%. From the multivariate analysis, congestive heart failure (CHF), stroke, prosthetic valve infection, S. aureus, and health care-associated acquisition were independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality, while surgery was associated with decreased mortality. CONCLUSIONS The current mortality of IE remains high, and is mainly due to its complications, such as CHF and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Leone
- USC di Malattie Infettive, Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy.
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Fatkenheuer G, Duvivier C, Rieger A, Durant J, Rey D, Schmidt W, Hill A, van Delft Y, Marks S, Rieger A, Vetter N, Greil R, Pedersen C, Storgaard M, Morlat P, Katlama C, Durant J, Cotte L, Duvvier C, Rey D, Esser S, Stellbrink C, Schmidt W, Stoll M, Stephan C, Fatkenheuer G, Stoehr A, Rockstroh J, Banhegyi D, Itzchak L, Shahar E, Maayan S, Turner D, Lazzarin A, Antinori A, Carosi G, Minoli L, di Perri G, Filice G, Andreoni M, Duiculescu D, Rugina S, Erscoiu S, Streinu A, Pronin A, Pokrovsky V, Gruzdev B, Yakovlev A, Voronin E, Clotet B, Gatell J, Arribas J, Podzamczer D, Domingo P, Miralles Alvarez C, Hernandez Quero J, Furrer H, Feher J, Johnson M, Fox J, Nelson M, Fisher M, Orkin C. Lipid profiles for etravirine versus efavirenz in treatment-naive patients in the randomized, double-blind SENSE trial. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011; 67:685-90. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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50
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Mendeni M, Foca E, Gotti D, Ladisa N, Angarano G, Albini L, Castelnuovo F, Carosi G, Quiros-Roldan E, Torti C. Reply to van der Pas et al. Clin Infect Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/cir481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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