Food insecurity in adults with severe mental illness living in Northern England: Peer research interview findings

Food insecurity means that a person does not have access to sufficient nutritious food for normal growth and health. Food insecurity can lead to many health problems such as obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and other long term health conditions. People living with a severe mental illness are more likely to experience food insecurity than people without mental illness. Peer-led in-depth interviews were conducted with adults with severe mental illness from Northern England, during which their experiences of food insecurity and strategies to tackle food insecurity were discussed. Interviews took place between March and December 2022, with interviews being transcribed and analysed using deductive and inductive thematic analysis. Thirteen interviews were conducted, finding that food insecurity in adults with severe mental illness was often a long-standing issue. Unemployment, the cost-of-living crisis and fuel poverty impacted on experiences of food insecurity. Difficulties accessing food banks such as transport, stigma, and the limited selection of available food was also discussed. Strategies to tackle food insecurity centred on making food banks more accessible and improving the quality of available food. Future research should aim to eradicate food insecurity for adults with severe mental illness, as limited research and action focuses on this population group over and above 'mental illness' or 'poor mental health'. Removing barriers to accessing food such as lack of transport, and providing food which is of adequate nutritional quality, should be prioritised, as well as tackling the stigma and accessibility issues surrounding food banks use.

Weight management interventions for adults living with overweight or obesity and severe mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis

When compared to the general population, people living with Severe Mental Illness are 1.8 times more likely to have obesity while in adult mental health secure units, rates of obesity are 20% higher than the general population. In England there are currently 490,000 people living with SMI. The aim of this systematic review was to collate and synthesise the available quantitative and qualitative evidence on a broad range of weight management interventions for adults living with severe mental illness and overweight or obesity. Primary outcomes were reductions in BMI and body weight. Following sifting, 18 papers were included in the final review, which detailed the results of 19 different interventions, however there was a lack of qualitative evidence. Pooled results for three studies (MD -3.49, 95% CI -6.85, -0.13, p=0.04), indicated a small effect in terms of body weight reduction but no effect on BMI for four studies (MD -0.42, 95% CI -1.27, 0.44, p=0.34). Key recommendations for future research included integration of qualitative methodology into experimental study design, a review of outcome measures and for study authors to follow standardised guidelines for reporting to facilitate complete and transparent reporting.