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Feldmeier G, Löffler C, Altiner A, Wollny A, Garbe K, Kronsteiner D, Köppen M, Szecsenyi J, Leyh M, Voss A, Kamradt M, Poß-Doering R, Wensing M, Kaufmann-Kolle P. Optimizing Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in German Primary Care: Results of the Regional Intervention Study CHANGE-3 and the Nested cRCT. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050850. [PMID: 37237753 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Within primary care, acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are the most common reason for prescribing antibiotics. The aim of the CHANGE-3 study was to investigate how antibiotic prescribing for non-complicated ARTIs can be reduced to a reasonable level. The trial was conducted as a prospective study consisting of a regional public awareness intervention in two regions of Germany and a nested cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) of a complex implementation strategy. The study involved 114 primary care practices and comprised an intervention period of six winter months for the nested cRCT and two times six winter months for the regional intervention. The primary outcome was the percentage of antibiotic prescribing for ARTIs between baseline and the two following winter seasons. The regression analysis confirmed a general trend toward the restrained use of antibiotics in German primary care. This trend was found in both groups of the cRCT without significant differences between groups. At the same time, antibiotic prescribing was higher in routine care (with the public campaign only) than in both groups of the cRCT. With regard to secondary outcomes, in the nested cRCT, the prescribing of quinolones was reduced, and the proportion of guideline-recommended antibiotics increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Feldmeier
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christin Löffler
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Attila Altiner
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Wollny
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Katharina Garbe
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Dorothea Kronsteiner
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Köppen
- aQua-Institute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care GmbH, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Szecsenyi
- aQua-Institute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care GmbH, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mirko Leyh
- Department of Communication Design and Media, University of Applied Sciences, Technology, Business and Design, 23966 Wismar, Germany
| | - Arwed Voss
- Department of Communication Design and Media, University of Applied Sciences, Technology, Business and Design, 23966 Wismar, Germany
| | - Martina Kamradt
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Regina Poß-Doering
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michel Wensing
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Kaufmann-Kolle
- aQua-Institute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care GmbH, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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Mortsiefer A, Löscher S, Pashutina Y, Santos S, Altiner A, Drewelow E, Ritzke M, Wollny A, Thürmann P, Bencheva V, Gogolin M, Meyer G, Abraham J, Fleischer S, Icks A, Montalbo J, Wiese B, Wilm S, Feldmeier G. Family Conferences to Facilitate Deprescribing in Older Outpatients With Frailty and With Polypharmacy: The COFRAIL Cluster Randomized Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e234723. [PMID: 36972052 PMCID: PMC10043750 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance For older adults with frailty syndrome, reducing polypharmacy may have utility as a safety-promoting treatment option. Objective To investigate the effects of family conferences on medication and clinical outcomes in community-dwelling older adults with frailty receiving polypharmacy. Design, Setting, and Participants This cluster randomized clinical trial was conducted from April 30, 2019, to June 30, 221, at 110 primary care practices in Germany. The study included community-dwelling adults aged 70 years or older with frailty syndrome, daily use of at least 5 different medications, a life expectancy of at least 6 months, and no moderate or severe dementia. Interventions General practitioners (GPs) in the intervention group received 3 training sessions on family conferences, a deprescribing guideline, and a toolkit with relevant nonpharmacologic interventions. Three GP-led family conferences for shared decision-making involving the participants and family caregivers and/or nursing services were subsequently held per patient at home over a period of 9 months. Patients in the control group received care as usual. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the number of hospitalizations within 12 months, as assessed by nurses during home visits or telephone interviews. Secondary outcomes included the number of medications, the number of European Union list of the number of potentially inappropriate medication (EU[7]-PIM) for older people, and geriatric assessment parameters. Both per-protocol and intention-to-treat analyses were conducted. Results The baseline assessment included 521 individuals (356 women [68.3%]; mean [SD] age, 83.5 [6.17] years). The intention-to-treat analysis with 510 patients showed no significant difference in the adjusted mean (SD) number of hospitalizations between the intervention group (0.98 [1.72]) and the control group (0.99 [1.53]). In the per-protocol analysis including 385 individuals, the mean (SD) number of medications decreased from 8.98 (3.56) to 8.11 (3.21) at 6 months and to 8.49 (3.63) at 12 months in the intervention group and from 9.24 (3.44) to 9.32 (3.59) at 6 months and to 9.16 (3.42) at 12 months in the control group, with a statistically significant difference at 6 months in the mixed-effect Poisson regression model (P = .001). After 6 months, the mean (SD) number of EU(7)-PIMs was significantly lower in the intervention group (1.30 [1.05]) than in the control group (1.71 [1.25]; P = .04). There was no significant difference in the mean number of EU(7)-PIMs after 12 months. Conclusions and Relevance In this cluster randomized clinical trial with older adults taking 5 or more medications, the intervention consisting of GP-led family conferences did not achieve sustainable effects in reducing the number of hospitalizations or the number of medications and EU(7)-PIMs after 12 months. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00015055.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Mortsiefer
- Institute of General Practice and Primary Care, Chair of General Practice II and Patient-Centredness in Primary Care, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Löscher
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yekaterina Pashutina
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sara Santos
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Attila Altiner
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Eva Drewelow
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Manuela Ritzke
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anja Wollny
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Petra Thürmann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Veronika Bencheva
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Matthias Gogolin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Gabriele Meyer
- Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jens Abraham
- Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steffen Fleischer
- Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andrea Icks
- Institute for Health Services and Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joseph Montalbo
- Institute for Health Services and Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- WG Medical Statistics and IT-Infrastructure, Institute of General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Wilm
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gregor Feldmeier
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Wollny A, Altiner A, Garbe K, Klingenberg A, Kaufmann-Kolle P, Köppen M, Kamradt M, Poß-Doering R, Wensing M, Leyh M, Voss A, Feldmeier G. [Acute respiratory tract infections and antibiotic prescriptions: What are patients' expectations?]. Laryngorhinootologie 2023; 102:203-211. [PMID: 36543222 PMCID: PMC9977567 DOI: 10.1055/a-1949-3397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of antibiotics in human medicine is partly responsible for the global increase in antibiotic resistance. Significant reductions in antibiotic prescribing were realised through educational campaigns, communication training and prescribing feedback. Based on data from the cluster-randomised CHANGE-3 trial, the present analysis focuses on the question of patient expectations for an antibiotic in acute respiratory infections. METHODS 106 of 114 General Practitioner (GP) practices in Baden-Württemberg and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania took part in the study. 4736 patients who visited the practices with acute respiratory infections from October 2018 to May 2019 filled out a questionnaire after the doctor's consultation. The analysis was descriptive. RESULTS 16.7 % of patients with acute respiratory infections reported receiving antibiotics from their GP. 13.3 % of patients had hoped for an antibiotic and 5.5 % stated that they had asked their GP for an antibiotic prescription. The lowest prescription rate for antibiotics was reported by patients who had received a diagnosis of influenza from their GP. With specific diagnoses differentiated from uncomplicated respiratory tract infection, an increase in both the number of antibiotics hoped for and the number of antibiotics prescribed was observed. DISCUSSION Patients still receive antibiotics more often than they actually hope for. On the part of GPs, prescriptions may still be written because of perceived pressure from patients, but this is not reflected in patient expectations. In addition to dealing openly with patients' expectations, strengthening patients' health literacy, mindful doctor-patient communication and offered opportunities for re-presentation in the case of specific diagnoses could further reduce the perceived pressure on GPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Wollny
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock, GERMANY
- Korrespondenzadresse Dr. phil. Anja Wollny Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsmedizin RostockDoberaner Straße 14218057 RostockGERMANY
| | - Attila Altiner
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock, GERMANY
| | - Katharina Garbe
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock, GERMANY
| | - Anja Klingenberg
- Insitut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH (aQua-Institut), Göttingen,
| | - Petra Kaufmann-Kolle
- Insitut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH (aQua-Institut), Göttingen,
| | - Martina Köppen
- Insitut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH (aQua-Institut), Göttingen,
| | - Martina Kamradt
- Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg,
| | - Regina Poß-Doering
- Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg,
| | - Michel Wensing
- Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg,
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Drewelow E, Ritzke M, Altiner A, Icks A, Montalbo J, Kalitzkus V, Löscher S, Pashutina Y, Fleischer S, Abraham J, Thürmann P, Mann NK, Wiese B, Wilm S, Wollny A, Feldmeier G, Buuck T, Mortsiefer A. Development of a shared decision-making intervention to improve drug safety and to reduce polypharmacy in frail elderly patients living at home. PEC Innov 2022; 1:100032. [PMID: 37213749 PMCID: PMC10194292 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Objectives For patients with geriatric frailty, reducing inappropriate medication is an important goal to improve patient safety in primary care. GP-side barriers include knowledge gaps, legal concerns, and lack of communication between the actors involved. The aim was to develop a multi-faceted intervention to facilitate deprescribing and shared prioritisation among frail elderlies with polypharmacy living at home. Methods Mixed methods study including: 1) scoping review on family conferences, expert panels; 2) group discussions with GPs, mapping of needs and challenges in Primary Care; 3) workshops and expert interviews with GPs, patient advocates, researchers as a basis for a theoretical intervention model; 4) piloting. Results A major challenge for GPs is to conduct a productive discussion with patients and family cares on deprescribing and drug safety. A guideline for a structured family conference with a medication check and geriatric assessment was developed and proved to be feasible in the pilot study. Conclusion The intervention developed to facilitate deprescribing and shared prioritisation of drug therapy based on family conferences seems suitable to be tested in a subsequent cRCT. Innovation Adapting family conferences to primary care for frail patients with polypharmacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Drewelow
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
- Corresponding author at: Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, DE, Germany.
| | - M. Ritzke
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - A. Altiner
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - A. Icks
- Institute for Health Services and Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J. Montalbo
- Institute for Health Services and Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - V. Kalitzkus
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S. Löscher
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Y. Pashutina
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S. Fleischer
- Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112 Halle, Germany
| | - J. Abraham
- Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112 Halle, Germany
| | - P. Thürmann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Heusnerstraße 40, 42283 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - NK. Mann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Heusnerstraße 40, 42283 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - B. Wiese
- WG Medical Statistics and IT-Infrastructure, Institute of General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - S. Wilm
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A. Wollny
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - G. Feldmeier
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - T. Buuck
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - A. Mortsiefer
- Institute of General Practice and Primary Care, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 50, 58448 Witten, Germany
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Löffler C, Altiner A, Blumenthal S, Bruno P, De Sutter A, De Vos BJ, Dinant GJ, Duerden M, Dunais B, Egidi G, Gibis B, Melbye H, Rouquier F, Rosemann T, Touboul-Lundgren P, Feldmeier G. Challenges and opportunities for general practice specific CME in Europe - a narrative review of seven countries. BMC Med Educ 2022; 22:761. [PMID: 36344994 PMCID: PMC9641932 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03832-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several changes have led to general practitioners (GPs) working in a more differentiated setting today and being supported by other health professions. As practice changes, primary care specific continuing medical education (CME) may also need to adapt. By comparing different primary care specific CME approaches for GPs across Europe, we aim at identifying challenges and opportunities for future development. METHODS Narrative review assessing, analysing and comparing CME programs for general practitioners across different north-western European countries (UK, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium (Flanders), Germany, Switzerland, and France). Templates containing detailed items across seven dimensions of country-specific CME were developed and used. These dimensions are role of primary care within the health system, legal regulations regarding CME, published aims of CME, actual content of CME, operationalisation, funding and sponsorship, and evaluation. RESULTS General practice specific CME in the countries under consideration are presented and comparatively analysed based on the dimensions defined in advance. This shows that each of the countries examined has different strengths and weaknesses. A clear pioneer cannot be identified. Nevertheless, numerous impulses for optimising future GP training systems can be derived from the examples presented. CONCLUSIONS Independent of country specific CME programs several fields of potential action were identified: the development of curriculum objectives for GPs, the promotion of innovative teaching and learning formats, the use of synergies in specialist GP training and CME, the creation of accessible yet comprehensive learning platforms, the establishment of clear rules for sponsorship, the development of new financing models, the promotion of fair competition between CME providers, and scientifically based evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Löffler
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Attila Altiner
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sandra Blumenthal
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Speaker section advanced training German Society for General Practice and Family Medicine (DEGAM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Pascale Bruno
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Département de Santé Publique, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
| | - An De Sutter
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Family Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart J. De Vos
- National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Geert-Jan Dinant
- School for Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Duerden
- Centre for Medical Education, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Brigitte Dunais
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Département de Santé Publique, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
| | - Günther Egidi
- General Practice Bremen Germany, Deputy Speaker section advanced training German Society for General Practice and family medicine (DEGAM), Bremen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Gibis
- National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KBV), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hasse Melbye
- General Practice Research Unit, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Thomas Rosemann
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pia Touboul-Lundgren
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Département de Santé Publique, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
| | - Gregor Feldmeier
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Feldmeier G, Löffler C, Altiner A, Wollny A, von Podewils F, Ritzke M. Audiovisual teleconsultation for patients with epilepsy in primary care in rural Germany: a pilot study on feasibility and acceptance. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:213. [PMID: 36131332 PMCID: PMC9490945 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01171-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In rural areas, epilepsy patients have limited access to specialist secondary care. Substantial travel and waiting times of several hours are common. Communication between general practitioners (GP) and specialist epileptologists regarding diagnosis and treatment is further complicated by the high workload on both sides and the different prioritisation of treatment goals. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of an interprofessional audiovisual patient-doctor teleconsultation, and its acceptance in clinical practice in patients with epilepsy in a rural region in Germany. Method Ten patients participated in telemedicine consultations in their GP practice. The practice was located in a sparsely populated region of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, and was equipped with technical equipment specifically procured for the project. An explorative qualitative interview was conducted with all participants. We based this paper on the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ). Results Despite initial uncertainties on the patients’ side regarding the consultation setting, all participants found the teleconsultation helpful. Some patients were initially intimidated and felt slightly overwhelmed by the attention provided and the technology used (multiple HD cameras, large high-resolution screens). However, during the consultation, they felt supported by their GP and were satisfied that their needs were addressed in an appropriate and timely manner. The hardware used was not felt to be a nuisance or to interfere with the conversation between doctor and patient. Patients also appreciated the time saved and the organisational convenience compared to a visit to a university outpatient clinic. Most consultations led to therapeutic consequences. Some patients seemed to benefit particularly, for example those who needed a medication change. Conclusion This pilot study provides first evidence that teleconsultations between patients, specialists, and GPs are possible in rural areas. Interprofessional collaboration between GPs and epileptologists can improve the care of patients with epilepsy. Further research should investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of interprofessional telemedicine consultations for epilepsy and other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Feldmeier
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Christin Löffler
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Attila Altiner
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anja Wollny
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Felix von Podewils
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Manuela Ritzke
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
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Mann NK, Schmiedl S, Mortsiefer A, Bencheva V, Löscher S, Ritzke M, Drewelow E, Feldmeier G, Santos S, Wilm S, Thürmann PA. Development of a deprescribing manual for frail older people for use in the COFRAIL study and in primary care. Ther Adv Drug Saf 2022; 13:20420986221122684. [PMID: 36091625 PMCID: PMC9452796 DOI: 10.1177/20420986221122684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Many older adults are affected by multimorbidity and subsequent polypharmacy which is associated with adverse outcomes. This is especially relevant for frail older patients. Polypharmacy may be reduced via deprescribing. As part of the complex intervention in the COFRAIL study, we developed a deprescribing manual to be used by general practitioners (GPs) in family conferences, in which GPs, patients and caregivers jointly discuss treatments. Methods: We selected indications with a high prevalence in older adults in primary care (e.g. diabetes mellitus, hypertension) and conducted a literature search to identify deprescribing criteria for these indications. We additionally reviewed clinical practice guidelines. Based on the extracted information, we created a deprescribing manual which was then piloted in an expert workshop and in family conferences with volunteer patients according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study protocol. Results: Initially, 13 indications/topics were selected. The literature search identified deprescribing guides, reviews and clinical trials as well as lists of potentially inappropriate medication and systematic reviews on the risk and benefits of specific drugs and drug classes in older patients. After piloting and revisions, the deprescribing manual now covers 11 indications/topics. In each chapter, patient- and medication-related deprescribing criteria, monitoring and communication strategies, and information about concerns related to the use of specific drugs in older patients are provided. Discussion: We found varying deprescribing strategies in the literature, which we consolidated in our deprescribing manual. Whether this approach leads to successful deprescribing in family conferences is being investigated in the cluster-randomised controlled COFRAIL study. Plain Language Summary Development of a manual to help doctors to identify which medications can be withdrawn Many older adults suffer from chronic diseases and take multiple medications concurrently. This can lead to side effects and other undesired events. We developed a manual to help doctors identify which medications can be withdrawn, so that they can discuss this with their patients. This manual was used in the COFRAIL study where doctors, patients and caregivers met in family conferences to discuss their preferences and decide together how future treatments should be handled. The manual contains information on common medications, symptoms and diseases in older patients such as diabetes and high blood pressure. Before the manual was used in the study, it was tested by volunteer patients and their doctors and caregivers to make sure that it is user-friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina-Kristin Mann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58448 Witten, Germany
| | - Sven Schmiedl
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany; Philipp Klee-Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Achim Mortsiefer
- Institute of General Practice and Primary Care, Chair of General Practice II and Patient-Centredness in Primary Care, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany; Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Veronika Bencheva
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Susanne Löscher
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manuela Ritzke
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Eva Drewelow
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Gregor Feldmeier
- Institute of General Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sara Santos
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Wilm
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra A Thürmann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany; Philipp Klee-Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
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Wollny A, Altiner A, Garbe K, Klingenberg A, Kaufmann-Kolle P, Köppen M, Kamradt M, Poß-Doering R, Wensing M, Leyh M, Voss A, Feldmeier G. [Acute respiratory tract infections and antibiotic prescriptions: What are patients' expectations?]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2022; 147:e82-e90. [PMID: 35973750 PMCID: PMC9451922 DOI: 10.1055/a-1871-7626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Einleitung
Der Einsatz von Antibiotika in der Humanmedizin ist für den globalen Anstieg der Antibiotika-Resistenzen mitverantwortlich. Aufklärungskampagnen, Kommunikationstrainings und Verordnungsfeedback führten zu einer deutlichen Reduktion der Antibiotika-Verordnungen. Basierend auf Daten der Cluster-randomisierten Studie CHANGE-3 steht in der vorliegenden Analyse die Frage nach der patientenseitigen Erwartungshaltung für ein Antibiotikum bei akuten Atemwegsinfektionen im Mittelpunkt.
Methoden
An der Untersuchung beteiligten sich 106 von 114 Hausarztpraxen in Baden-Württemberg und Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. 4736 Patient*innen, die von Oktober 2018 bis Mai 2019 mit akuten Atemwegsinfekten in die Praxen kamen, füllten nach der Arztkonsultation einen Fragebogen aus. Die Analyse erfolgte deskriptiv.
Ergebnisse
16,7 % der Patient*innen mit akuten Atemwegsinfekten gaben an, Antibiotika von ihren Hausärzt*innen erhalten zu haben. 13,3 % der Patient*innen hatten ein Antibiotikum erhofft und 5,5 % gaben an, die/den Hausärzt*in darum gebeten zu haben. Der geringste Anteil an Antibiotika-Verordnungen entfiel auf Patient*innen, die die Diagnose eines grippalen Infekts vom/von der Ärzt*in kommuniziert bekamen. Mit spezifischen Diagnosen in Abgrenzung zum unkomplizierten Atemwegsinfekt wurde ein Anstieg sowohl der Anzahl der erhofften als auch der verordneten Antibiotika beobachtet.
Diskussion
Patient*innen erhalten nach wie vor häufiger Antibiotika, als es von ihnen erhofft wird. Auf Seiten der Hausärzt*innen könnten die Verordnungen nach wie vor aufgrund eines gefühlten Drucks durch die Patient*innen stattfinden, die sich jedoch so nicht in der Erwartungshaltung der Patient*innen widerspiegelt. Neben einer offenen Exploration der Erwartungshaltung der Patient*innen könnten die Stärkung ihrer Gesundheitskompetenz, eine achtsame Arzt-Patienten-Kommunikation und angebotene Wiedervorstellungsmöglichkeiten bei spezifischen Diagnosen den gefühlten Druck auf Seiten der Ärzt*innen weiter reduzieren.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Wollny
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - Attila Altiner
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Rostock.,Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | | | - Anja Klingenberg
- Institut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH (aQua-Institut), Göttingen
| | - Petra Kaufmann-Kolle
- Institut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH (aQua-Institut), Göttingen
| | - Martina Köppen
- Institut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH (aQua-Institut), Göttingen
| | - Martina Kamradt
- Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - Regina Poß-Doering
- Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - Michel Wensing
- Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
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Wollny A, Löffler C, Drewelow E, Altiner A, Helbig C, Daubmann A, Wegscheider K, Löscher S, Pentzek M, Wilm S, Feldmeier G, Santos S. Shared decision making and patient-centeredness for patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care-results of the cluster-randomised controlled DEBATE trial. BMC Fam Pract 2021; 22:93. [PMID: 33992088 PMCID: PMC8126132 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background We investigate whether an educational intervention of GPs increases patient-centeredness and perceived shared decision making in the treatment of patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus? Methods We performed a cluster-randomized controlled trial in German primary care. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus defined as HbA1c levels ≥ 8.0% (64 mmol/mol) at the time of recruitment (n = 833) from general practitioners (n = 108) were included. Outcome measures included subjective shared decision making (SDM-Q-9; scale from 0 to 45 (high)) and patient-centeredness (PACIC-D; scale from 1 to 5 (high)) as secondary outcomes. Data collection was performed before intervention (baseline, T0), at 6 months (T1), at 12 months (T2), at 18 months (T3), and at 24 months (T4) after baseline. Results Subjective shared decision making decreased in both groups during the course of the study (intervention group: -3.17 between T0 and T4 (95% CI: -4.66, -1.69; p < 0.0001) control group: -2.80 (95% CI: -4.30, -1.30; p = 0.0003)). There were no significant differences between the two groups (-0.37; 95% CI: -2.20, 1.45; p = 0.6847). The intervention's impact on patient-centeredness was minor. Values increased in both groups, but the increase was not statistically significant, nor was the difference between the groups. Conclusions The intervention did not increase patient perceived subjective shared decision making and patient-centeredness in the intervention group as compared to the control group. Effects in both groups might be partially attributed to the Hawthorne-effect. Future trials should focus on patient-based intervention elements to investigate effects on shared decision making and patient-centeredness. Trial registration The trial was registered on March 10th, 2011 at ISRCTN registry under the reference ISRCTN70713571.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Wollny
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Centre, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christin Löffler
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Centre, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Eva Drewelow
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Centre, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Attila Altiner
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Centre, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christian Helbig
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Centre, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anne Daubmann
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl Wegscheider
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Löscher
- Institute of General Practice (Ifam), Medical Faculty, Centre for Health & Society (Chs), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Pentzek
- Institute of General Practice (Ifam), Medical Faculty, Centre for Health & Society (Chs), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Wilm
- Institute of General Practice (Ifam), Medical Faculty, Centre for Health & Society (Chs), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gregor Feldmeier
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Centre, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sara Santos
- Institute of General Practice (Ifam), Medical Faculty, Centre for Health & Society (Chs), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Löffler C, Krüger A, Daubmann A, Iwen J, Biedermann M, Schulz M, Wegscheider K, Altiner A, Feldmeier G, Wollny A. Optimizing Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in German Primary Care: Study Protocol for Evaluation of the RESIST Program. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e18648. [PMID: 32996888 PMCID: PMC7557437 DOI: 10.2196/18648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The emergence and increased spread of microbial resistance is a major challenge to all health care systems worldwide. In primary care, acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) is the health condition most strongly related to antibiotic overuse. Objective The RESIST program aims at optimizing antibiotic prescribing for ARTI in German primary care. By completing a problem-orientated online training course, physicians are motivated and empowered to utilize patient-centered doctor-patient communication strategies, including shared decision making, in the treatment of patients with ARTI. Methods RESIST will be evaluated in the form of a nonrandomized controlled trial. Approximately 3000 physicians of 8 (out of 16) German federal states can participate in the program. Patient and physician data are retrieved from routine health care data. Physicians not participating in the program serve as controls, either among the 8 participating regional Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (control group 1) or among the remaining associations not participating in RESIST (control group 2). Antibiotic prescription rates before the intervention (T0: 2016, 1st and 2nd quarters of 2017) and after the intervention (T1: 3rd quarter of 2017 until 1st quarter of 2019) will be compared. The primary outcome measure is the overall antibiotic prescription rate for all patients insured with German statutory health insurance before and after provision of the online course. The secondary outcome is the antibiotic prescription rate for coded ARTI before and after the intervention. Results RESIST is publicly funded by the Innovations funds of the Federal Joint Committee in Germany and was approved in December 2016. Recruitment of physicians is now completed, and a total of 2460 physicians participated in the intervention. Data analysis started in February 2020. Conclusions With approximately 3000 physicians participating in the program, RESIST is among the largest real-world interventions aiming at reducing inadequate antibiotic prescribing for ARTI in primary care. Long-term follow up of up to 21 months will allow for investigating the sustainability of the intervention. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN13934505; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13934505 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/18648
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Löffler
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Antje Krüger
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anne Daubmann
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Iwen
- Association of Substitute Health Funds (Vdek), Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Biedermann
- National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike Schulz
- Central Research Institute of Ambulatory Health Care in Germany, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Wegscheider
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Attila Altiner
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Gregor Feldmeier
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anja Wollny
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Löffler C, Altiner A, Diener A, Berner R, Feldmeier G, Helbig C, Kern WV, Köchling A, Schmid M, Schön G, Schröder H, Wegscheider K, Wollny A. Hospitalization for Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in a Low-Antibiotic-Prescribing Setting: Cross-Sectional Data from General Practice. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9100653. [PMID: 33003436 PMCID: PMC7600502 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) are the main cause of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. To date, there is limited evidence concerning whether low levels of antibiotic prescribing may impact patient safety. We investigate whether antibiotic prescribing for patients seeking primary care for ARTI correlates with the odds for hospitalization. Methods: Analysis of patient baseline data (n = 3669) within a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Adult patients suffering from ARTI in German primary care are included. The main outcome measure is acute hospitalization for respiratory infection and for any acute disease from 0 to 42 days after initial consultation. Results: Neither the antibiotic status of individual patients (OR 0.91; 95% CI: 0.49 to 1.69; p-value = 0.769) nor the physician-specific antibiotic prescription rates for ARTI (OR 1.22; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.49; p-value = 0.054) had a significant effect on hospitalization. The following factors increased the odds for hospitalization: patient’s age, the ARTI being defined as lower respiratory tract infections (such as bronchitis) by the physician, the physician’s perception of disease severity, and being cared for within group practices (versus treated in single-handed practices). Conclusions: In a low-antibiotic-prescribing primary care setting such as Germany, lack of treatment with antibiotics for ARTI did not result in higher odds for hospitalization in an adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Löffler
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.A.); (A.D.); (G.F.); (C.H.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)381-494-2481
| | - Attila Altiner
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.A.); (A.D.); (G.F.); (C.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Annette Diener
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.A.); (A.D.); (G.F.); (C.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Reinhard Berner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Gregor Feldmeier
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.A.); (A.D.); (G.F.); (C.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Christian Helbig
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.A.); (A.D.); (G.F.); (C.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Winfried V. Kern
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; (W.V.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Anna Köchling
- Clinic of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Michaela Schmid
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; (W.V.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Gerhard Schön
- Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (G.S.); (K.W.)
| | | | - Karl Wegscheider
- Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (G.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Anja Wollny
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.A.); (A.D.); (G.F.); (C.H.); (A.W.)
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Löffler C, Altiner A, Streich W, Stolzenbach CO, Fuchs A, Drewelow E, Hornung A, Feldmeier G, van den Bussche H, Kaduszkiewicz H. [Approaches of general practitioners and patients to multimorbidity. Qualitative study]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2014; 48:452-6. [PMID: 25287678 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-014-0820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For general practioners (GP) the treatment of patients suffering from multimorbidity is an everyday challenge. For these patients guidelines which each focus on a specific chronic disease cannot be applied comprehensively and equally; therefore, it is necessary to prioritize. OBJECTIVE Given this situation the study aimed at analyzing how GPs and patients deal with this challenge and what their priorities are. MATERIAL AND METHODS Narrative interviews were conducted with 9 GPs and 19 of their multimorbid patients. The data were analyzed by means of content analysis. RESULTS The majority of interviewed patients felt well or very well cared for by their GPs; however, GPs and multimorbid patients often had relatively different priorities. Whereas GPs mostly focused on the management of diseases that could lead to life-threatening situations, patients put an emphasis on maintaining autonomy and a social life. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that there is room for development in the way GPs and multimorbid patients communicate with each other, particularly as far as shared priority setting is concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Löffler
- Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Postfach 100888, 18055, Rostock, Deutschland,
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Altiner A, Berner R, Diener A, Feldmeier G, Köchling A, Löffler C, Schröder H, Siegel A, Wollny A, Kern WV. Converting habits of antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections in German primary care--the cluster-randomized controlled CHANGE-2 trial. BMC Fam Pract 2012; 13:124. [PMID: 23256712 PMCID: PMC3548682 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2296-13-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an average prescription rate of 50%, in German primary care antibiotics are still too frequently prescribed for respiratory tract infections. The over-prescription of antibiotics is often explained by perceived patient pressure and fears of a complicated disease progression. The CHANGE-2 trial will test the effectiveness of two interventions to reduce the rate of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for adults and children suffering from respiratory tract infections in German primary care. METHODS/DESIGN The study is a three-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial that measures antibiotic prescription rates over three successive winter periods and reverts to administrative data of the German statutory health insurance company AOK. More than 30,000 patients in two regions of Germany, who visit their general practitioner or pediatrician for respiratory tract infections will be included. Interventions are: A) communication training for general practitioners and pediatricians and B) intervention A plus point-of-care testing. Both interventions are tested against usual care. Outcome measure is the physicians' antibiotic prescription rate for respiratory tract infections derived from data of the health insurance company AOK. Secondary outcomes include reconsultation rate, complications, and hospital admissions. DISCUSSION Major aim of the study is to improve the process of decision-making and to ensure that patients who are likely to benefit from antibiotics are treated accordingly. Our approach is simple to implement and might be used rapidly among general practitioners and pediatricians. We expect the results of this trial to have major impact on antibiotic prescription strategies and practices in Germany, both among general practitioners and pediatricians. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is registered at the Current Controlled Trials Ltd (ISRCTN01559032).
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Altiner
- Institute of General Practice, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Kaminski A, Ma N, Donndorf P, Lindenblatt N, Feldmeier G, Ong LL, Furlani D, Skrabal CA, Liebold A, Vollmar B, Steinhoff G. Endothelial NOS is required for SDF-1alpha/CXCR4-mediated peripheral endothelial adhesion of c-kit+ bone marrow stem cells. J Transl Med 2008; 88:58-69. [PMID: 18040270 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.3700693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the era of intravascular approaches for regenerative cell therapy, the underlying mechanisms of stem cell migration to non-marrow tissue have not been clarified. We hypothesized that next to a local inflammatory response implying adhesion molecule expression, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-dependent signaling is required for stromal- cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1alpha)-induced adhesion of c-kit+ cells to the vascular endothelium. SDF-1alpha/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced c-kit+-cell shape change and migration capacity was studied in vitro using immunohistochemistry and Boyden chamber assays. In vivo interaction of c-kit+ cells from bone marrow with the endothelium in response to SDF-1alpha/TNF-alpha stimulation was visualized in the cremaster muscle microcirculation of wild-type (WT) and eNOS (-/-) mice using intravital fluorescence microscopy. In addition, NOS activity was inhibited with N-nitro-L-arginine-methylester-hydrochloride in WT mice. To reveal c-kit+-specific adhesion behavior, endogenous leukocytes (EL) and c-kit+ cells from peripheral blood served as control. Moreover, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and CXCR4 were blocked systemically to determine their role in inflammation-related c-kit+-cell adhesion. In vitro, SDF-1alpha enhanced c-kit+-cell migration. In vivo, SDF-1alpha alone triggered endothelial rolling-not firm adherence-of c-kit+ cells in WT mice. While TNF-alpha alone had little effect on adhesion of c-kit+ cells, it induced maximum endothelial EL adherence. However, after combined treatment with SDF-1alpha+TNF-alpha, endothelial adhesion of c-kit+ cells increased independent of their origin, while EL adhesion was not further incremented. Systemic treatment with anti-ICAM-1 and anti-CXCR4-monoclonal antibody completely abolished endothelial c-kit+-cell adhesion. In N-nitro-L-arginine-methylester-hydrochloride-treated WT mice as well as in eNOS (-/-) mice, firm endothelial adhesion of c-kit+ cells was entirely abrogated, while EL adhesion was significantly increased. The chemokine SDF-1alpha mediates firm adhesion c-kit+ cells only in the presence of TNF-alpha stimulation via an ICAM-1- and CXCR4-dependent mechanism. The presence of eNOS appears to be a crucial and specific factor for firm c-kit+-cell adhesion to the vascular endothelium.
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Kaminski A, Donndorf P, Feldmeier G, Ma N, Choi YH, Skrabal C, Westphal B, Liebold A, Stamm C, Vollmar B, Steinhoff G. Influence of endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) on SDF-1/TNF-alpha mediated stem cell homing in vivo. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-925670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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