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Iordache A, Fuursted K, Rift CV, Rasmussen A, Willemoe GL, Hasselby JP. Hepatic granulomas following liver transplantation: A retrospective survey, and analysis of possible microbiological etiology. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155201. [PMID: 38367601 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver granulomas have always been a diagnostic challenge for pathologists. They have been described in up to 15% of liver biopsies and can also be seen in liver allograft biopsy specimens, but there is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence and associated etiologic factors of granulomas in liver transplanted patients. The aim of this study is to shed light on the etiology of liver granulomas. METHODS Liver biopsies from liver transplanted patients, in the period from 01.01.2011 - 01.05.2017, were examined. We registered the histo-morphological characteristics and clinicopathological data of all biopsies and performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect possible pathogens (bacteria, fungi, and parasites) in the biopsies containing granulomas. RESULTS We reviewed a total of 400 liver biopsies from 217 liver transplant patients. Of these, 131 liver biopsies (32.8%) from 98 patients (45.2%) revealed granulomas. Most were epithelioid granulomas located parenchymal and were detected in 115 (87.7%) biopsies. We also identified 10 cases (7.6%) with both lobular and portal granulomas and six biopsies (4.5%) with portal granulomas alone. In 54 biopsies (41.2%), granulomas were found in biopsies with acute cellular rejection (ACR). Fifty (51%) patients with granulomas underwent liver transplantation for autoimmune-related end-stage liver disease (AILD). The granulomas were found most frequently in the first six months after transplantation, where patients also more often were biopsied. NGS analysis did not reveal any potential infectious agent, and no significant differences were observed in the microbiological diversity (microbiome) between clinical- and granuloma characteristics concerning bacteria, fungi, and parasites. CONCLUSION Our study confirmed that granulomas are frequently seen in liver allograft biopsy specimens, and most often localized in the parenchyma, occurring in the first post-transplant period in patients with AILD, and often seen simultaneously with episodes of ACR. Neither a specific microbiological etiological agent nor a consistent microbiome was detected in any case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisoara Iordache
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kurt Fuursted
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Reference Laboratory, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | | | - Allan Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jane Preuss Hasselby
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Markussen A, Johansen JS, Larsen FO, Theile S, Hasselby JP, Willemoe GL, Lorentzen T, Madsen K, Wilken EE, Geertsen PF, Behrens C, Svane IM, Nielsen D, Chen IM. Randomized phase 2 study of nivolumab with or without ipilimumab combined with stereotactic body radiotherapy in pretreated patients with metastatic biliary tract cancer. J Clin Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
545 Background: The treatment options for patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical benefit of nivolumab with or without ipilimumab combined with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with BTC. Methods: In this phase 2 study with a Simon’s 2-stage optimal design, patients with BTC refractory to at least one line of prior chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive SBRT of 15 Gy combined with nivolumab or nivolumab/ipilimumab stratified by performance status. Signed informed consent was obtained from all patients. The primary endpoint was clinical benefit rate (CBR) defined as the proportion of patients with stable disease, partial response (PR), or complete response according to RECIST 1.1. Decision on expansion independently for both arms was pending on CBR from the first stage. Secondary endpoints included overall response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Results: Between September 2018 and January 2022, 61 patients (19 SBRT/nivolumab and 42 SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab) received at least one treatment. Forty-eight patients (79%) had cholangiocarcinoma (intrahepatic 41, perihilar 2, distal 4, unspecified 1) and 13 patients (21%) had gallbladder cancer. No responses were observed in SBRT/nivolumab arm and this cohort was closed for inclusion after first stage based on CBR of 11% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1-33). SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab resulted in CBR of 31% (95% CI 18-47) and an overall response rate of 11.9% (95% CI 4.0-25.6). Of the five patients that achieved a PR, the median duration of response was 4.4 months (95% CI 0.0-9.2). A median PFS of 1.7 months (95% CI 1.6-1.7) and 1.7 months (95% CI 1.6-1.8), and a median OS of 4.7 months (95% CI 3.2-6.2) and 5.0 months (95% CI 2.1-7.9) were observed for patients receiving SBRT/nivolumab and SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events grade 3 or higher occurred in 3 (16%) patients in the SBRT/nivolumab arm and 13 (31%) patients in the SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab arm. One patient died due to hepatitis in the combination arm. Conclusions: The combination of SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab demonstrated anti-tumor activity and acceptable toxicities in patients with advanced BTC. Further studies are warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT02866383 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Markussen
- Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Department of Oncology, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | - Susann Theile
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jane P. Hasselby
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Torben Lorentzen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Unit of Surgical Ultrasound, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Madsen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Eva E. Wilken
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Claus Behrens
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Dorte Nielsen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
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Jacobsen IC, Spanggaard I, Højgaard M, Belcaid L, Qvortrup C, Yde CW, Schmidt AY, Nielsen FC, Willemoe GL, Dam MS, Lassen U, Staal Rohrberg K. Extensive genomic analysis in patients with KRAS-mutated solid tumors shows high frequencies of concurrent alterations and potential targets but has limited clinical impact. Acta Oncol 2022; 61:1499-1506. [PMID: 36529989 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2022.2156809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the distribution and frequency of concurrent alterations in different cancers across KRAS subtypes and in different KRAS subtypes across cancers, and to identify potentially actionable targets and patients who received targeted treatment matched to their genomic profile (GP). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this descriptive and single-center study, we included 188 patients with solid tumors harboring KRAS mutations in codon 12, 13, 61, 117, or 146, referred to the Phase 1 Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark from mid-2016 to 2020. Genomic co-alterations were detected with whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, SNP array, and mRNA expression array on fresh biopsies. The study is part of the Copenhagen Prospective Personalized Oncology study (NCT02290522). RESULTS The majority of patients had colorectal cancer (60.1%), non-small cell lung cancer (11.2%), or pancreatic cancer (10.6%). Most tumors were KRAS-mutated in codon 12 or 13 (93.7%) including G12D (27.1%), G12V (26.6%), G12C (11.7%), and G13D (11.2%). A total of 175 different co-alterations were found, most frequently pathogenic APC and TP53 mutations (55.9% and 46.4%, respectively) and high expression of CEACAM5 (73.4%). Different cancers and KRAS subtypes showed different patterns of co-alterations, and 157 tumors (83.5%) had potentially actionable targets with varying evidence of targetability (assessed using ESMO Scale for Clinical Actionability of molecular Targets). Of the 188 patients included in the study, 15 (7.4%) received treatment matched to their GP (e.g., immunotherapy and synthetic lethality drugs), of whom one had objective partial response according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. CONCLUSION Performing extensive genomic analysis in patients with known KRAS-mutated solid tumors may contribute with information to the genomic landscape of cancers and identify targets for immunotherapy or synthetic lethality drugs, but currently appears to have overall limited clinical impact, as few patients received targeted therapy matched to their GP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Christine Jacobsen
- Phase 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iben Spanggaard
- Phase 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Højgaard
- Phase 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laïla Belcaid
- Phase 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Qvortrup
- Phase 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Westmose Yde
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ane Yde Schmidt
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Seidelin Dam
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Lassen
- Phase 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Staal Rohrberg
- Phase 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Nielsen J, Kjær MS, Rasmussen A, Chiranth D, Willemoe GL, Henriksen BM, Borgwardt L, Grand MK, Borgwardt L, Christensen VB. Noninvasive Prediction of Advanced Fibrosis in Pediatric Liver Disease-Discriminatory Performance of 2D Shear Wave Elastography, Transient Elastography and Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Comparison to Histopathology. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112785. [PMID: 36428845 PMCID: PMC9689483 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Elastography can be measured with different imaging techniques and is increasingly used for noninvasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis. Little is known about the performance, and interrelation of different elastographic techniques, in prediction of hepatic fibrosis in pediatric liver disease. Objectives: We aimed to determine the discriminatory value for advanced fibrosis (Metavir F3-4) and evaluate the applicability of 2D shear wave ultrasound elastography (USe), Transient Elastography (TE) and Magnetic Resonance elastography (MRe) in pediatric liver disease. Methods: In patients with pediatric liver disease aged 0−19 years, USe, TE and MRe were compared with histopathological fibrosis stage. Multivariate logistic regression models for advanced fibrosis were considered. Discriminative performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the Brier Score. Primary analyses included complete cases. Multiple imputation was used as sensitivity analysis. Results: In 93 histologically evaluated patients USe, TE and MRe were performed 89, 93 and 61 times respectively. With increased liver stiffness values, significantly increased odds for presenting F3-4 were seen in individual models for ALT < 470 U/L, whereas the effect for ALT > 470 U/L was non-significant. Area under the curve and Brier Score for discrimination of advanced fibrosis were 0.798 (0.661−0.935) and 0.115 (0.064−0.166); 0.862 (0.758−0.966) and 0.118 (0.065−0.171); 0.896 (0.798−0.994) and 0.098 (0.049−0.148) for USe, TE and MRe respectively. No significant increase in discriminatory ability was found when combining elastographic modalities. Conclusions: In pediatric liver disease, USe, TE and MRe had a good discriminatory ability for assessment of advanced liver fibrosis, although TE and MRe performed best. In most children with pediatric liver disease, TE is a reliable and easily applicable measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Nielsen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-23839149
| | - Mette Skalshøi Kjær
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Deepthi Chiranth
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birthe Merete Henriksen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotte Borgwardt
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mia Klinten Grand
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Borgwardt
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Brix Christensen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sjöstedt S, Vieira FG, Karnov K, Agander TK, Willemoe GL, Rohrberg KS, Nielsen FC, von Buchwald C. Differences in gene expression despite identical histomorphology in sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and metastases from colorectal adenocarcinoma. APMIS 2022; 130:551-559. [PMID: 35662259 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (sITAC) is histomorphologically indistinguishable from colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) leading to diagnostic challenges. Metastases from CRCs to the sinonasal tract have been reported. The aim of the study was to identify a biomarker making it possible to distinguish between sITAC and metastases of colorectal origin. Formalin-fixated paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue from 20 consecutive patients with sITAC treated at Rigshospitalet, Denmark from 2005 to 2017, 20 patients with CRC, and second patients with both sinonasal and colorectal carcinomas were included, and RNA-sequencing was performed on all samples. Moreover, a series of 26 samples from metastasizing CRC were included (in-house data). 3139 differentially expressed genes were identified, of these several were deemed as possible biomarkers, including CSDE1, for which immunohistochemical staining was performed. sITAC and CRC differ in genomic expression. CSDE1, previously found upregulated in CRC, was significantly differentially expressed. Using immunohistochemical staining, no sITACs displayed strong and diffuse staining for CSDE1, which represents a potential marker to use in distinguishing sITAC from a metastasis of colorectal origin. This knowledge could improve the diagnostic process and hopefully the outcome in patients with this rare tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sannia Sjöstedt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kirstine Karnov
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian von Buchwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Holmager P, Langer SW, Federspiel B, Willemoe GL, Garbyal RS, Melchior L, Klose M, Kjaer A, Hansen CP, Andreassen M, Knigge U. Increase of Ki-67 index and influence on mortality in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e13018. [PMID: 34414612 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An increase in the Ki-67 index in neuroendocrine neoplasms over time in relation to prognosis has scarcely been investigated. We aimed to assess whether the Ki-67 index changed over time and also whether a change influenced prognosis. Second, we investigated the difference in the Ki-67 index between primary tumour and metastases. From 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2019, 108 consecutive patients with gastroenteropancreatic tumours were included. Patients were followed with regard to an increase in the Ki-67 index and all-cause mortality. Ki-67 determination of the primary tumour at diagnosis and at the time of radiological progression, including developed metastases, was performed. A significant increase in the Ki-67 index was defined as a doubling of the value at disease progression compared to the value at diagnosis. In addition, in 14 patients, the Ki-67 index of the primary tumour and present metastases at the time of diagnosis was investigated. At diagnosis, there were no differences in the Ki-67 index between primary tumours and metastases (P = .41). Sixty-five patients had a doubling of the Ki-67 index. The median Ki-67 index at the time of progression 17% (1%-90%) vs 5% (1%-60%) at the time of diagnosis (P = .006). A doubling of the Ki-67 index was independently associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio = 2.7 [1.3-6.3], P = 0.02), after adjustment for relevant co-variables including the Ki-67 index at baseline. Doubling of the Ki-67 index at the time of disease progression was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality. We recommend that a Ki-67 index is obtained whenever disease progression is recorded by demonstrated progression because it may have impact on the choice of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Holmager
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Seppo W Langer
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Federspiel
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rajendra Singh Garbyal
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linea Melchior
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Klose
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Palnaes Hansen
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Andreassen
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Knigge
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Lütken C, Sheikh K, Willemoe GL, Achiam MP, Hasselby JP. Clinical assessment of tumor regression grade systems in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 224:153538. [PMID: 34243107 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standard treatment for gastroesophageal cancer is neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by surgery, which has been shown to increase survival compared with surgery alone. Evidence is mounting that characterization of the oncologically induced tumor regression is of prognostic importance. However, no consensus regarding the optimal system for describing tumor regression exists. Thus, this study aims to explore three validated/promising tumor regression systems with a focus on their interobserver reliability and usability. METHODS We included 100 consecutive patients with gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma who had undergone neoadjuvant oncological treatment followed by surgery. The tumors underwent tumor regression grade (TRG) assessment according to the Standard Mandard-, Modified Mandard-, and Becker systems to assess the interobserver reliability between two consultant pathologists. The interobserver reliability was determined by both Fleiss kappa and weighted kappa metrics. Besides, a semi-quantitative usability questionary was completed and it was expanded with usability comments. RESULTS The Fleiss kappa interobserver agreement was 0.67 [95% CI, 0.55-0.79], 0.88 [95% CI, 0.73-1.00], and 0.88 [95% CI, 0.73-1.00] for Standard Mandard-, Modified Mandard-, and the Becker systems, respectively. The weighted kappa (linear) was 0.80 [95% CI, 0.72-0.89], 0.91 [95% CI, 0.84-0.98], and 0.91 [95% CI, 0.84-0.98] for the Standard Mandard-, Modified Mandard-, and the Becker systems, respectively. The usability was scored on a scale of 8-24 by both raters. The systems were scored accordingly: 47 (Modified Mandard system), 43 (Becker system), and 37 (Standard Mandard system). CONCLUSION The Modified Mandard- and Becker systems had excellent interobserver reliability and usability. However, the systems could be improved by a better characterization of the different tiers and tumor morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lütken
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kiran Sheikh
- Department of Pathology, Herlev University hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Inge Lehmanns Vej 14, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Michael Patrick Achiam
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jane Preuss Hasselby
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Inge Lehmanns Vej 14, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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Kurbegovic S, Juhl K, Sørensen KK, Leth J, Willemoe GL, Christensen A, Adams Y, Jensen AR, von Buchwald C, Skjøth-Rasmussen J, Ploug M, Jensen KJ, Kjaer A. IRDye800CW labeled uPAR-targeting peptide for fluorescence-guided glioblastoma surgery: Preclinical studies in orthotopic xenografts. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:7159-7174. [PMID: 34158842 PMCID: PMC8210614 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a devastating cancer with basically no curative treatment. Even with aggressive treatment, the median survival is disappointing 14 months. Surgery remains the key treatment and the postoperative survival is determined by the extent of resection. Unfortunately, the invasive growth with irregular infiltrating margins complicates an optimal surgical resection. Precise intraoperative tumor visualization is therefore highly needed and molecular targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging potentially constitutes such a tool. The urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (uPAR) is expressed in most solid cancers primarily at the invading front and the adjacent activated peritumoral stroma making it an attractive target for targeted fluorescence imaging. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a new uPAR-targeted optical probe, IRDye800CW-AE344, for fluorescence guided surgery (FGS). Methods: In the present study we characterized the fluorescent probe with regard to binding affinity, optical properties, and plasma stability. Further, in vivo imaging characterization was performed in nude mice with orthotopic human patient derived glioblastoma xenografts, and we performed head-to-head comparison within FGS between our probe and the traditional procedure using 5-ALA. Finally, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration was characterized in a 3D BBB spheroid model. Results: The probe effectively visualized GBM in vivo with a tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) above 4.5 between 1 to 12 h post injection and could be used for FGS of orthotopic human glioblastoma xenografts in mice where it was superior to 5-ALA. The probe showed a favorable safety profile with no evidence of any acute toxicity. Finally, the 3D BBB model showed uptake of the probe into the spheroids indicating that the probe crosses the BBB. Conclusion: IRDye800CW-AE344 is a promising uPAR-targeted optical probe for FGS and a candidate for translation into human use.
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Holmager P, Willemoe GL, Nielsen K, Grøndahl V, Klose M, Andreassen M, Langer SW, Hansen CP, Kjær A, Federspiel BH, Knigge U. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the appendix: Characterization of 335 patients referred to the Copenhagen NET Center of Excellence. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 47:1357-1363. [PMID: 33589240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) of the appendix are often incidentally discovered after appendectomy. Appropriate management is debated. The purpose was to characterize a cohort of 335 appendix NEN and evaluate the risk of recurrence. METHODS Retrospective collection of data from 335 patients referred to the Neuroendocrine Tumor Center at Rigshospitalet 2000-2019. Appendix goblet cell carcinoids and mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms were excluded. Patients were followed until December 31st, 2019. No patients were lost to follow-up. RESULTS Sixty-three percent of the patients were female. The median (range) age at diagnosis was 34 (9-92) years. Median follow-up was 66 (1-250) months. Median tumor size was 7 (1-45) mm with 10 (3%) tumors >20 mm. In 18 specimens (5%) resection margins were positive. Mesoappendiceal invasion was found in 113 (35%). Sixty-three (19%) patients underwent right-sided completion hemicolectomy (RHC) after appendectomy according to ENETS guidelines. Among these, 11 (17%) had lymph node metastases in the resected tissue. Further, one patient who underwent initial RHC due to colonic adenocarcinoma had lymph node metastases. All lymph node metastases were detected in patients with serotonin positive tumors. No patients with glucagon positive tumors (n = 85) had lymph node metastases. Mesoappendiceal invasion >3 mm and positive resection margins were associated with presence of lymph node metastases. No recurrences were recorded. CONCLUSION Following ENETS guidelines may lead to overtreatment of patients with respect to completion RHC. The risk of over- and undertreatment needs to be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Holmager
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Nielsen
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Veronica Grøndahl
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Marianne Klose
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Andreassen
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Seppo W Langer
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Carsten Palnæs Hansen
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjær
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Birgitte H Federspiel
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Knigge
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Centre of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
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10
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Glavind E, Gotthardt DN, Pfeiffenberger J, Sandahl TD, Bashlekova T, Willemoe GL, Hasselby JP, Weiss KH, Møller HJ, Vilstrup H, Lee WM, Schilsky ML, Ott P, Grønbæk H. The macrophage activation marker soluble CD163 is elevated and associated with liver disease phenotype in patients with Wilson's disease. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:173. [PMID: 32615997 PMCID: PMC7331244 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages play a significant role in liver disease development and progression. The macrophage activation marker soluble (s)CD163 is associated with severity and prognosis in a number of different acute and chronic liver diseases but has been only sparsely examined in Wilson's disease (WD). We investigated sCD163 levels in patients with acute and chronic WD and hypothesized associations with liver disease phenotype and biochemical markers of liver injury. METHODS We investigated sCD163 in two independent cohorts of WD patients: 28 patients with fulminant WD from the US Acute Liver Failure (ALF) Study Group registry and 147 patients with chronic disease from a German WD registry. We included a control group of 19 healthy individuals. Serum sCD163 levels were measured by ELISA. Liver CD163 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In the ALF cohort, median sCD163 was 10-fold higher than in healthy controls (14.6(2.5-30.9) vs. 1.5(1.0-2.7) mg/L, p < 0.001). In the chronic cohort, median sCD163 was 2.6(0.9-24.9) mg/L. There was no difference in sCD163 according to subgroups based on initial clinical presentation, i.e. asymptomatic, neurologic, hepatic, or mixed. Patients with cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis had higher sCD163 compared with those without cirrhosis (3.0(1.2-24.9) vs. 2.3(0.9-8.0) mg/L, p < 0.001); and both cohorts significantly lower than the ALF patients. Further, sCD163 correlated positively with ALT, AST, GGT and INR (rho = 0.27-0.53); and negatively with albumin (rho = - 0.37), (p ≤ 0.001, all). We observed immunohistochemical CD163 expression in liver tissue from ALF patients. CONCLUSIONS Although sCD163 is not specific for WD, it was elevated in WD patients, especially in those with ALF. Further, sCD163 was higher in patients with cirrhosis compared to patients without cirrhosis and associated with biochemical markers of liver injury and hepatocellular function. Thus, macrophage activation is evident in WD and associates with liver disease phenotype and biochemical parameters of liver disease. Our findings suggest that sCD163 may be used as a marker of liver disease severity in WD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Glavind
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 99 Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Daniel N Gotthardt
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Pfeiffenberger
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Damgaard Sandahl
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 99 Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Teodora Bashlekova
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jane Preuss Hasselby
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karl Heinz Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Jon Møller
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hendrik Vilstrup
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 99 Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - William M Lee
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Peter Ott
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 99 Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 99 Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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11
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Pommergaard HC, Preuss Hasselby J, Linno Willemoe G, Ralbovska A, Arendtsen Rostved A, Rasmussen A, Aagaard Schultz N, Hillingsø J, Nørgaard Larsen P, Kugler JM. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activity correlates with poor survival in patients resected for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2020; 28:327-335. [PMID: 32359017 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Few clinically useful biomarkers are known to predict prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between PPAR activity and ALDH7A1 expression and their prognostic significance using RNA sequencing in patients undergoing liver resection for HCC. METHODS We included patients undergoing liver resection for HCC at a tertiary referral center for hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery between May 2014 and January 2018. PPAR activity and ALDH7A1 expression were evaluated by RNA sequencing and correlated with overall survival, recurrence and histological features. RESULTS We included 52 patients with a median follow-up of 20.9 months, predominantly males (88.5%) with a single tumor (84.6%) in a non-cirrhotic liver (73.1%). Three-year overall survival was 48.6% in patients with a specific PPAR target gene expression profile (cancer cluster 3) compared with 81.7% in controls (P = .04, Log-rank test). This remained significant (odds ratio 14.02, 95% confidence interval 1.92-102.22, P = .009) when adjusted for age, cirrhosis, microvascular invasion, number of tumors and free resection margins. ALDH7A1 expression was not correlated with PPAR or any outcomes. CONCLUSION PPAR activity in a subset of tumor samples was associated with reduced overall survival indicating that PPAR may be a valuable prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Christian Pommergaard
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jane Preuss Hasselby
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adela Ralbovska
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Arendtsen Rostved
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai Aagaard Schultz
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Hillingsø
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Nørgaard Larsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan-Michael Kugler
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Abstract
Our case concerns a 66-year-old man. After experiencing recurrent episodes of abdominal pain, an initial CT scan, ultrasound and gastroscopy was carried out. All of which showed normal findings.As a consequence of persisting symptoms, another CT scan was performed. This scan revealed a hypodense area in the right lobe of the liver. This was interpreted as a possible haemangioma. Subsequent MRI scans indicated an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. A final ultrasound-guided liver biopsy was performed and histology demonstrated epitheloid haemangioendothelioma, which was locally advanced and inoperable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mads Warnecke
- Pathology, Zealand University Hospital Koge, Koge, Denmark
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13
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Zurek Munk-Madsen M, Zakarian K, Sandor Oturai P, Hansen CP, Federspiel B, Fallentin E, Linno Willemoe G. Intrapancreatic accessory spleen mimicking malignant tumor: three case reports. Acta Radiol Open 2019; 8:2058460119859347. [PMID: 31285851 PMCID: PMC6600498 DOI: 10.1177/2058460119859347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrapancreatic hypervascular lesions may represent metastases, neuroendocrine
tumors, or intrapancreatic accessory spleens. The benign intrapancreatic
accessory spleen can be difficult to separate from a malignant neuroendocrine
tumor or metastasis. We report three cases of pancreatic lesions that underwent
pancreatic surgery due to suspicion of malignancy on imaging; all cases were
histologically intrapancreatic accessory spleens. Our cases point to the
importance of performing single-photon emission computed tomography with
heat-damaged Tc-99m-pertechnetate labelled erythrocytes to identify splenic
tissue, even though small lesions can show a false-negative result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zurek Munk-Madsen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristine Zakarian
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Sandor Oturai
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Palnæs Hansen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Federspiel
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Fallentin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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De Craene B, Van de Velde J, Rondelez E, Vandenbroeck L, Peeters K, Vanhoey T, Elsen N, Vandercruyssen G, Melchior L, Willemoe GL, Jones A, Hongxiang L, Henrique R, Teixeira M, Zhao H, Lambrechts D, Decanniere K, Sablon E, Maertens GG. Detection of microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer samples with a novel set of highly sensitive markers by means of the Idylla MSI Test prototype. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.e15639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Linea Melchior
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Amy Jones
- Haematopathology and Oncology Diagnostic Service (HODS), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Liu Hongxiang
- Haematopathology and Oncology Diagnostic Service (HODS), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rui Henrique
- Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, E.P.E. (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Teixeira
- Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, E.P.E. (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Hui Zhao
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Kalaitzakis E, Havre RF, Willemoe GL, Meisner S. Colonic perforation following endoscopic mucosal resection in a patient on bevacizumab treatment. Endoscopy 2017; 48 Suppl 1:E224-5. [PMID: 27341201 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-109604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Kalaitzakis
- Endoscopy Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital/Herlev, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roald Flesland Havre
- Endoscopy Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital/Herlev, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gro Linno Willemoe
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital/Righospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Meisner
- Endoscopy Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital/Herlev, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Fiehn AMK, Grauslund M, Glenthøj A, Melchior LC, Vainer B, Willemoe GL. Medullary carcinoma of the colon: can the undifferentiated be differentiated? Virchows Arch 2014; 466:13-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Abstract
Alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR or P504S) is a mitochondrial and peroxisomal protein present in a variety of human cells. Demonstration of increased expression is used diagnostically in prostatic adenocarcinoma. AMACR is also produced by normal hepatocytes and it has been postulated that the demonstration of AMACR expression or its pattern of distribution is useful in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Jiang et al., Hum Pathol 2003;34, Guzman et al., Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2006;14, Li et al., J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2008;27). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether immunohistochemical staining for AMACR can be used in a routine histopathologic setting. Immunohistochemical staining for AMACR was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue from livers resected for HCC during 1980-2006 at Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (n = 44). Tumor sections as well as surrounding non-neoplastic tissues were studied. In both tumor and non-tumor tissues, intracellular localization and staining pattern were assessed and the staining intensity of AMACR was graded. The fraction of stained tumor cells was not significantly different from that of stained non-tumor cells in the same patients (p = 0.97). A significantly lower staining intensity was observed in clear cell areas (p = 0.005), but the AMACR expression did not correlate with the HCC type and could not distinguish neoplastic from non-neoplastic liver cells. AMACR is not applicable as a tool in the histopathologic diagnosis of HCC.
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18
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Willemoe GL, Hertel PB, Bartels A, Jensen M, Balslev E, Mouridsen H, Ejlertsen B, Brünner N. Lack of TIMP-1 tumor cell immunoreactivity predicts effect of adjuvant anthracycline based chemotherapy in patients (n=647) with primary breast cancer. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-6042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract #6042
Background: Randomized trials have in general demonstrated that anthracycline-based chemotherapy prolongs disease-free and overall survival as compared to CMF-based regimens. In the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (DBCG) 89D randomised trial a 21% improvement in overall survival was observed from substitution of methotrexate in the CMF combination with epirubicin. This suggests that the additional effect of anthracyclines is confined to a subset of the patients. We have previously shown that in vitro grown cancer cells devoid of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) are more sensitive towards chemotherapy than cells expressing TIMP-1 (Davidsen et al., Br J Cancer, 2005). In addition, we have recently published (Schrohl et al., Clin Cancer Res., 2006), that patients with metastatic breast cancer and high levels of TIMP-1 in their primary tumor tissues, have a significantly reduced likelihood of obtaining an objective response to chemotherapy.
 Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate if Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinses-1 (TIMP-1) tumor cell immunoreactivity could be used to identify a subset of patients who benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy.
 Patients and Methods: Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue micro arrays from 647 patients who were enrolled in the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group randomized trial 89D comparing adjuvant CMF versus adjuvant CEF were analysed for tumor cell TIMP-1 immunoreactivity. The primary end-point was invasive disease free survival (IDFS). Immunohistochemistry was performed using the anti-TIMP-1 monoclonal antibody VT7 as described previously (Sørensen et al., J. Hist. Cytochem., 2006) and the slides were scored as + or – for positive immunoreactivity.
 Results: Tumor cell TIMP-1 immunoreactivity was found in 75% of the tumor samples. In the CEF treated patients, individuals with TIMP-1 negative tumors had a significant longer IDFS than patients with TIMP-1 positive tumors (p=0.047). The multivariate Cox regression analysis of IDFS showed that CEF was superior to CMF among patients with TIMP-1 negative tumors (HR: 0.51; 95%CI: 0.31 to 0.84, p=0.008), while no significant difference could be demonstrated among patients with TIMP-1 positive tumors (HR: 0.86; 95%CI: 0.66 to 1.11, p=0.24). However, only a non-significanct trend could be demonstrated between TIMP-1 status and CEF versus CMF (p=0.07 for interaction).
 Conclusion: Lack of TIMP-1 tumor cell immunoreactivity seems to predict a favourable effect of epirubicin containing adjuvant therapy in primary breast cancer. However, an independent study is awaited to validate the potential predictive value of TIMP-1 immunoreactivity.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 6042.
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Affiliation(s)
- GL Willemoe
- 1 Departmen of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - PB Hertel
- 2 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - A Bartels
- 2 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - M Jensen
- 3 Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - E Balslev
- 4 Departmen of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - H Mouridsen
- 5 Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Ejlertsen
- 5 Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N Brünner
- 2 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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19
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Holm M, Paaschburg B, Balslev E, Axelsson CK, Willemoe GL, Flyger HL. Intraoperative immunohistochemistry staining of sentinel nodes in breast cancer: Clinical and economical implications. Breast 2008; 17:372-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2008.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2007] [Revised: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 01/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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